Long-read individual-molecule sequencing reveals CRISPR-induced genetic heterogeneity in human ESCs

Quantifying the genetic heterogeneity of a cell population is essential to understanding of biological systems. We develop a universal method to label individual DNA molecules for single-base-resolution haplotype-resolved quantitative characterization of diverse types of rare variants, with frequency as low as 4 × 10−5 , using both short- or long-read sequencing platforms.