Những trạm thủy điện nhỏ và vừa đó là những nhà máy vật liệu xây dựng

CO S6 KY THUAT HA TANG • NANG LUdNG • MOI TRUC^NG<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nhi may Thiiy dien Dinh Blnh<br /> <br /> cat va phii sa d day hd cd the dat tdi<br /> 5m! Do dd ngudi ta rit quan tam din<br /> mdt trong cac phddng an duy tri kha<br /> nang van hanh hd chda nudc ciia cac<br /> TTON d vimg nui.<br /> Hieu qua hoat ddng eiia hd chda<br /> TTON ndi tren, ngddi ta thddng duy tri<br /> trong cac dieu kien ed the chap nhan<br /> dddc v l mat kinh t l nlu cac dit bli,<br /> phii sa dd d i u dan khai thac td nhung<br /> hd chda nhan tao va sd dung lam<br /> nguyen lieu de san xuat eac hdn hc^p<br /> cat, sdi va ehl biln chit nIn dit trdng<br /> sd dung trong viec khdi phuc cac khu<br /> vuc dat bae miu hoac bj xdi mdn.<br /> Oe lam sach eac hd chda ngddi ta<br /> sd dung cae nha may hut biin cdng<br /> Nhi miy thuy dien nho Khe Dien Song Ba 9I\/1W suit ldn hoac trung blnh vdi nang suat<br /> hut biin nhao td 250 d i n 1500mVh.<br /> Trong . un nhao dddc hut len ty le cac<br /> <br /> T<br /> rong nhdng nam gin day d nhilu nude tren t h i gidi ngudi<br /> ta rit quan tam phat trien cac tram thiiy dien nhd (edng khIi Idcmg dit day va nudc thddng nim<br /> suit dddi 10MW) va cdC nhd (dddi 1MW). Oln nay d Ao trong gidi han td 1/6 d i n 1/10. Do do<br /> cd tdi 950 tram thuy dien nhd vay, d Y va Thuy Dien mdi nude mdt may hut biin tuy theo kieu va<br /> khoang 1200, d Phap 1100, d Nhat 1300, d My tren 2000, d Lien phuong thdc hoat ddng cd the hiit tir<br /> Xd trude day da cd tdi 6000... day hd chda nude td 25 din 250m7h<br /> Tuy nhien viec xay ddng cac tram thuy dien nhd (TTON) d bun nhao. Vdi sd gid hoat ddng tieu<br /> cac dja phddng ed nhilu niii d i n din sir nay sinh nhdng v i n d l chuan 6000h/nam mdt may hiit biin vdi<br /> dac thii. Nhumg sdng d vimg nui mang theo khIi luang cat va nang suit hut bun nhao 1500mVh co<br /> phiJ sa. Vao thdi ky nudc lu, trong mdt 1m^ nddc cd tdi 25-30kg kha nang hut g i n 1 trieu m^ dit day hi<br /> eac hat la limg. VI vay cae h i chda nudc dd ciia TTON bj lang bao gdm ca cat hat ldn va sdi nhd.<br /> dpng nhanh chdng cac dit bdi, phii sa. Cd mdt s l hd chda nude Trong cac dit bdi cd tdi 225% (theo<br /> TTON ehl trong 1 quy mija nudc lu, nude mang theo tir cac khdi lupng) cat hat Idn va sdi cdn lai la<br /> thung lung xudng hd chda tdi 50 trieu m' cat va phiJ sa. Neu hd phiJ sa, cac hat set va cat min, tronq dd<br /> chda cd dien tfch gddng nude 10km' thi sau 1 quy ndi tren Idp ham luong phii sa va cac hat set tfnh<br /> <br /> NGUdi XAY DUNG s 6 THANG 4 - 2 0 1 1<br />  NHUfNG TRAM THUY DIEN NHO VA VCTA.,<br /> <br /> chda nudc, cat nay cd the dddc sd<br /> Sd dd td chu'c<br /> dung trong san x u i t gach va ngdi.<br /> Cac cong tac v§ tan dung cac trim tich day hd chifa nddc cIJa cac tram thuy dien<br /> v l khIi idtfng san xuat eat, sdi<br /> de san xuit cac vat lieu xay ddng va cai tao dit bae mau hoac bi xoi mon<br /> hat ldn, mdt don vj TTD chi vdi h i<br /> Khai th^c cac trim tich TSch d i t day thanh 2 ph Jn chda ciia mdt tram thiiy djen cdng<br /> Ho chifa ni/(3c cua —-»•<br /> nhufng tram thuy dien<br /> — •<br /> bang m^y hut bun bing phLfdng phSp thuy ii/c s u i t trung blnh cd the duac danh<br /> 1 1 gia ngang bang vdi cac khdi luang<br /> san xuat eae hdn hpp cat sdi ciia<br /> Phu sa, cac hat set va mdt trong eac md cat sdi Idn d<br /> Cat hat to va soi nho Cung dp set<br /> cat nho Kabordino - Balkari - Urvanski.<br /> Vdi viec ddn vj TTD dam bao khIi<br /> T T<br /> Binh li/dng va che bien hdn<br /> T Idang set hoac a set tren 150-<br /> Nghien set<br /> RiJa, phan loai cat va soi hop phii sa, set cat min va 200nghin m^ mdt nam va cac phe<br /> cac ph^ lieu hifu cd ciia cac lieu hull ca khoang 50-100 nghin<br /> xi nghiep canh nong Cung dp cac phe lieu hu'u cd tan cd the san xuat tdi 1 trieu m^<br /> chat nen dat trdng dii de cai tao<br /> mdi nam 400ha (4km^) d i t bae<br /> Cung dp cat va sdi cho Van chuyen, boc dd,<br /> mau hoac bj xdi mdn.<br /> cac xi nghiep xay di/ng san gat nen dit<br /> De giam eac ehi phi van<br /> chuyen d n phai td chdc cdng<br /> Thanh toan nhu'ng chi phi lam sach c^c ho chili ni/dc va cai tao dit bae mau nhd b^n cat, sol va viec sao cho viec van tai d td chd<br /> cac l. Sd lUtfng cac phe lieu hdu ctf e h l bien chat nen dat thd nhudng<br /> Ty le cac thanh p h i n neu tren thay ciia cac xf nghiep canh ndng va di chuyen x u I n g phfa dudi theo<br /> ddi tiiy theo tfnh c h i t thuy van eiia set can thiet de bd sung vao cac trien thung lung den hd chda va<br /> ddng chay va cac dac diem dja c h i t t r i m tfch mjn day sdng dUtfe quay trd len thuang luu xe khdng<br /> chit ciia Idng sdng. khai thac de e h l b i l n c h i t n I n d i t tai hoac ket hpp van chuyen hang<br /> Oe tach rieng cat va sdi thd ra cd the thay ddi t d 10-30% theo khae. Oe dat dUtfc dieu dd thi tdt<br /> khdi d i t boi cho viee s d dung lam k h I i Idpng. l y le can thiet eiia cac nhat la set va cac p h i lieu ciia cac<br /> vat lieu xay dung cd the ap dung thanh p h i n trong hpp c h i t d timg xf nghiep canh ndng khi c h i bien<br /> qua trinh 2 giai doan. Ban d i u t i l n trddng hpp do nha thd nhudng tai don vj TTD dUtfc khai thac d<br /> hanh su lang dpng eac phan t d hpc va ky s u canh ndng xae djnh. cac md va cac xf nghiep nam d<br /> cat va sdi ldn td huyen phii nudc De nghiln nhd set bd sung vao tren viing cao hon dap nude, cdn<br /> do may hut bun dua len td h i c h i t n I n dat trdng cd the sd dung eae dtfn vj cai tao d i t trdng de dd<br /> chda nudc vao cac be lang tren cac may nghien kieu bua vdi nang c h i t n I n d i t trdng dat d vimg dudi<br /> bd. Sau dd chit l i n g hat to dddc s u i t n g h i l n 14-45mVh. Nhdng dap nude.<br /> dua vao bd phan phan loai, d dd thanh p h i n de e h l b i l n c h i t n I n Viec td chdc cac ddn vj TTO<br /> cat va sdi dUtfc rda sach cac hat d i t t r i n g ed the trdn trong eac trong khu vuc cac h i chda eiia<br /> phii sa va set va dddc phan ra may trdn cac vat lieu xay dung nhung tram thuy dien se cho phep<br /> thanh mdt s l p h i n . Cat va sdi dang s d dung rdng rai, thf du nhd duy tri dung tfch huu ich ciia hd<br /> sach da dUtfc tach biet se ban cho loai may trdn CMK-18 vdi nang chda d mdc t h i l t k l vdi thdi gian<br /> cac td chdc xay dung, cdn phij sa s u i t trdn 35mVh. Trong sd d l sau khdng han djnh; t i l n hanh cai tao<br /> dpng lai trong cae be l i n g , ke ea day trinh bay viec td chdc cac d i t bae mau va xdi mdn cho viec<br /> cac hat set va cat min dUtfe diing cdng viec tddng t d neu tren. tham canh tang nang s u i t cay<br /> lam chat nen d i t trdng. Dtfn vj san x u i t tan dung eac t r I n g , ban cho eae xf nghiep xay<br /> Tfnh toan cho thay r in g may t r i m tfch day h i chda ciia tram ddng cat va sdi duac phan loai<br /> hut biin vdi nang s u i t 1500 mVh thuy dien (Oon vj TTO) trong s u i t rieng biet eho viec xay dung va<br /> biin nhao khi hoat ddng d h i chda nam cd the san x u i t 250 nghln m^ san x u i t cac vat lieu xay dung va<br /> dung tfch trung blnh trong s u i t cat va sdi hat Idn cho eae miic hon nda bii d i p cac chi phi lam<br /> 320 ngay/nam dii sdc dutfng d i u dfeh xay ddng, thf du de s d dung sach hd chda, giam thieu khai<br /> vdi lutfng d i t bdi dd vao hd chda. lam c h i t ddn trong san x u i t mdt thac cat, sdi trong eac md hien<br /> Mpi ngudi deu b i l t r i n g phii sa s l mac be tdng, eae vda xay va hanh, tdc la giam tae ddng tieu<br /> cac sdng trong nhilu trudng htfp trat, cac be tdng nhua dudng de Cdc eiia chiing tdi mdi trudng<br /> la d i t me de hlnh thanh thd lam dudng. Vdi nhung k i t qua tot xung q u a n h . •<br /> nhudng tu nhien, tai sinh cho d i t ciia cae m i u eat cdng nghe dddc (Theo tap chi Nang li/dng (L.B. Nga)<br /> bi bae mau. khai thac t d eac t r i m tfch day hd 2009)<br /> <br /> <br /> NGUdi XAY DUNG SO THANG 4 - 2 0 1 1<br />