Tìm hiểu Linux

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Physical storage device: HDD, DVD-ROM  sector, track, cylinder • HDDs can be divided into separate storage devices called partitions A filesystem is the methods and data structures that an operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or partition (the way the files are organized on the disk) • ext3 (third extended filesystem) 4 .5 .

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Nội dung Text: Tìm hiểu Linux

Lecturer: MS. Võ Minh Sơn Students: Nguyễn Đức Tiến 0620076 Nguyễn Xuân Thuận 0620069
1 Exploring the Linux filesystem 2 Examining Files 3 File permissions 4 File processing 5 Demo 6 Q&A 2
1.1 Overview 1.2 Filesystem hierarchy 1.3 Type of information 1.4 Linux device files 1.5 Mounting and unmounting a device on the filesystem 3
 Physical storage device: HDD, DVD-ROM  sector, track, cylinder • HDDs can be divided into separate storage devices called partitions  A filesystem is the methods and data structures that an operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or partition (the way the files are organized on the disk) • ext3 (third extended filesystem) 4
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 File properties (Administrative information)  Name  Data created/  Location accessed/modified  Size  Permissions  Owner/Group  Desktop  Type  Command line  file‟s inode  File manager KDE  Konqueror (Windows Explorer) GNOME Nautilus 6
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 path (pathname) absolute name vs relative name • /home/nguyenxuanthuan/programs • /home/guest/programs  shorcut • “ . ”  current directory • “ .. ”  directory immediately above the current directory 9
Data files  Application-specific files o Program Applications o Image files  Text files Type of Configuration files information Directory files Link files Device files 10
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 Linux treats all devices as files and uses a device just as it uses a file Open file Write file Close file Read file  Device Driver: a special program that controls a particular type of hardware  Any application can access a device by opening the file specific to that device 12
 Device file: the file which applications use to access a device • These special appear in the /dev directory in the Linux filesystem • block devices  „b‟ character devices  „c‟ network devices  „ethx‟/„pppx‟ (x = 0, 1, ...) 13
 Each of storage device has own filesystem • when you want to add a new storage device, you need to format it as a filesystem and then attach it to your Linux file structure  Mounting is the operation you perform to cause the filesystem on a physical storage device to appear as part of the Linux filesystem  Mounting point is a specified directory that contains the mount command to mount a device on the Linux filesystem 14
Mounting a device on the filesystem 15
hd IDE hard drive 1 – 4 are primary partitions 5 and up are logical partitions sd SCSI hard drives fd Floppy disks lp Printer ports cdrom Links to your CD-ROM device file  Example • fd0: the first floppy drive attached to your system • sda2: the second partition on the first SCSI hard drive 16
2. Examining Files File information GUI: right-click Command line: the file icon and •ls select properties. •options: -l, -a… •operators: >,>> •pwd
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3. File Permissions  Three types of user accounts • Owner The account that owns the file • Group Members of a group that owns the file • All users All accounts on the system  Do one or more of three things to the file • Read (r) Look at the contents of the file • Write (w) Save the file to the hard disk • Execute (x) Run the file or enter the directory  Example: drwxr-xr--
3. File Permissions (cont) Format: chmod who action permission filename Example: chmod u+x nguyen.txt