UNIT 9: UNDERSEA WORLD

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SÔÛ GIAÙO DUÏC & ÑAØO TAÏO ÑOÀNG THAÙP TRÖÔØNG THPT THOÁNG LINH  TÖØ VÖÏNG, NGÖÕ PHAÙP TIEÁNG ANH 10 (NAÂNG CAO) Units Unit Units 9-16 Bieân so n: LEÂ NGOÏC THAÏCH TAØI LIEÄU THAM KHAÛO (Löu haønh noäi boä)
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch UNIT 9: UNDERSEA WORLD ☺ VOCABULARY improvement (n) söï caûi thieän A. READING (pages 113-116) touch (v) sôø, chaïm humpback whale (n) caù voi guø human (n) con ngöôøi lobster (n) toâm huøm behavior (n) thaùi ñoä sea horse (n) haûi maõ specialist (n) chuyeân gia star fish (n) sao bieån caution (n) söï caån thaän mammal (n) ñoäng vaät coù vuù contact (n) söï tieáp xuùc rescue (v) cöùu harm (n,v) laøm haïi victim (n) naïn nhaân disturb (v) quaáy raày assist (v) help: giuùp ñôû beg (v) van naøi shipwreck (n) ñaém taøu habitat (n) moâi tröôøng soáng vision impairment (n) suy yeáu thò löïc danger (n) söï nguy hieåm patient (n) beänh nhaân squeak (v) keâu the theù B. LISTENING (pages 116-117) bellow (v) gaøo harpoon (n) caây lao moùc shriek (v) heùt harpoon gun (n) suùng baén lao passionate wail (n) tieáng reân soâi noåi rock (v) laéc lö fate (n) soá phaän reef (v) cuoán meùp tale (n) chuyeän keå switch (v) chaïm assume (v) cho laø tape spin (n) voøng xoay cuûa baêng tune (n) giai ñieäu grunt (v) caøu nhaøu explore (v) khaùm phaù C. SPEAKING (pages 117-120) shell (n) voû explanation (n) söï giaûi thích exhale (v) thôû ra fatty (adj) coù môõ blowhole (n) loã phun nöôùc allergic (adj) dò öùng get stuck (v) dính vaøo bone (n) xöông oil slick (n) veát daàu loang patience (n) söï kieân nhaãn bury (v) choân pet (n) vaät nuoâi (trong nhaø) D. WRITING (pages 121-123) drop… a line (v) goïi ñieän thoïai join (v) tham gia scuba diving (n) moân laën coù bình döôõng Aquarium (n) hoà nuoâi khí get-together (n) cuoäc hoïp maët Association (n) hieäp hoäi welcome (v) chaøo ñoùn out of touch (exp) maät lieân laïc advisor (n) ngöôøi khuyeân baûo offer (v) ñöa ra drop by (v) taït vaøo thaêm bite bit bitten (v) caén E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 123-125) Down’s syndrome (n) hoäi chöùng Ñao giraffe (n) höôu cao coå 1
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch neck (n) coå creature (n) sinh vaät cruel (adj) ñoäc aùc export (v) xuaát khaåu sympathy (n) söï thoâng caûm species (n) loøai fin (n) vaây caù annoy (v) laøm khoù chòu puffer fish (n) caù noùc classify (v) phaân loïai long (v) ao öôùc effect (v) aûnh höôûng WORD STUDY Compound Adjectives Ex: They are warm-blooded animals. Comp Adj Adjective + Noun-ED Compound Adjective Ex: I don’t like a student who has a strong head. I don’t like a strong-headed student. GRAMMAR I. Relative Clauses 1. Restrictive Relative Clauses DANH TÖØ CHUÛ TÖØ TUÙC TÖØ WHO/ THAT WHOM/ THAT Ngöôøi WHICH/ THAT WHICH/ THAT Vaät/Ñoäng vaät MÑQH giôùi haïn laø MÑQH boå nghóa cho danh töø (ñaïi töø) phía tröôùc chöa ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roõ. Ex: - I saw the teacher. You talked to him yesterday. I saw the teacher whom you talked to yesterday. - The book is on wild animals. It attracts a lot of readers. The book which attracts a lot of readers is on wild animals. 2. Non-restrictive Relative Clauses DANH TÖØ CHUÛ TÖØ TUÙC TÖØ WHO WHOM Ngöôøi WHICH WHICH Vaät/Ñoäng vaät MÑQH khoâng giôùi haïn laø MÑQH boå nghóa cho danh töø (ñaïi töø) phía tröôùc ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roõ. MÑQH khoâng giôùi haïn luoân ñöùng sau daáu phaåy; (ta khoâng duøng THAT trong MÑQH khoâng giôùi haïn) Ex: - Nguyen Du is a famous Vietnamese poet. He wrote Kieu’s Story. Nguyen Du, who wrote Kieu’s Story, is a famous Vietnamese poet. - We are talking about Tokyo. It is the capital city of Japan. We are talking about Tokyo, which is the capital city of Japan. 2
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch II. The Passive Voice 1. Form Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend. S V O Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. S be V3/ed by O Active: S + V + O + ……. Passive: S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + …… 2. Rules Khi ñoåi töø chuû ñoäng sang bò ñoäng, ta chuù yù caùc böôùc sau: a. Xaùc ñònh S (Chuû töø), V (Ñoäng töø), O (Tuùc töø) vaø thì cuûa ñoäng töø trong caâu chuû ñoäng. Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend. S V1 O b. Ñem O leân laøm S, chuyeån S xuoáng laøm O ñaët sau by. Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. S by O c. Theâm ñoäng töø to be (phuø hôïp vôùi thì cuûa ñoäng töø trong caâu chuû ñoäng), vaø chuyeån ñoäng töø chính sang V3/ed. Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. be V3/ed 3. Notes: a. Trong caâu bò ñoäng: by O luoân ñöùng sau adverbs of place (traïng töø chæ nôi choán) vaø tröôùc adverbs of time (traïng töø chæ thôøi gian). Ex: (P) The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. b. Trong caâu bò ñoäng, coù theå boû: by people, by us, by them, by someone… Ex: Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them). Active Passive S + V1 + O S + am/is/are + V3/ed S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being +V3/ed S + has/have + V3/ed + O S + has/have + been + V3/ed S + V2/ed + O S + was/were +V3/ed S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being +V3/ed S + had + V3/ed + O S + had + been + V3/ed S + will/shall + Vo + O S + will/shall + be +V3/ed 3
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch UNIT 10: CONSERVATION ☺ VOCABULARY A. READING (pages 126-128) amphibian (n) ñoäng vaät löôõng cö damage (n,v) laøm, söï hö hoûng insect (n) coân truøng solution (n) giaûi phaùp ecotourist (n) ngöôøi ñi du lòch s.thaùi destruction (n) söï phaù huõy landscape (n) phong caûnh extinction (n) söï tuyeät chuûng contribute (v) ñoùng goùp poaching (n) söï saên troäm biosphere (n) sinh quyeån trading (n) söï buoân baùn reserve (n) khu baûo toàn conserve (v) baûo toàn trace (v) theo daáu heritage (n) di saûn prey (n) con moài mosaic (n) ñoà khaûm peacock (n) con coâng establish (v) thieát laäp ecotour (n) chuyeán du lòch sinh thaùi exploit (v) khai thaùc flourishing (v) phaùt ñaït ecotourism (n) du lòch sinh thaùi promote (v) phaùt huy flora (n) heä thöïc vaät fund (n) voán fauna (n) heä thöïc vaät authority (n) chính quyeàn reptile (n) ñoäng vaät boø saùt tease (v) choïc gheïo B. LISTENING (pages 128-129) preserve (v) giöõ gìn rare (adj) hieám lifestyle (n) phong caùch soáng bush (n) buïi caây natural resources (n) taøi nguyeân TN feed (v) cho aên chop (v) chaët, ñoán harm (n,v) laøm haïi C. SPEAKING (pages 129-131) deforestation (n) naïn phaù röøng recycle (v) taùi söû duïng littering (n) xaû raùc energy (n) naêng löôïng disposable (adj) duøng moät laàn reduce (v) caét giaûm control (v) kieåm soùat protect (v) baûo veä regret (n) söï aân haän D. WRITING (pages 131-133) surprise (n) ñieàu ngaïc nhieân acceptance (n) söï chaáp nhaän unforgettable (adj) khoâng queân refusal (n) söï töø choái wedding (n) leã cöôùi salutation (n) söï chaøo hoûi volunteer work (n) coâng vieäc tình politely (adv) moät caùch lòch söï nguyeän delight (n) söï vui möøng E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 133-136) dynamite (n) chaát noå destroy (v) phaù huõy tanker (n) taøu chôû daàu construction (n) söï xaây döïng leak (v) roø ró poacher (n) ngöôøi saên troäm 4
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch toxic chemical (n) hoùa chaát ñoäc haïi polar bear (n) gaáu baéc cöïc discharge (v) thaû fur (n) loâng thuù rhino (n) con teâ giaùc dump (v) ñoå vaøo horn (n) caùi söøng comet (n) sao choåi dweller (n) ngöôøi daân endure (v) chòu ñöïng exhaust gas (n) khí thaûi (töø xe coä) sewage (n) raùc thaûi suffer (v) chòu ñöïng disaster (n) thaûm hoïa WORD STUDY Noun Forms - act action collect collection - prepare preparation examine examination Verb + ion/ation Noun GRAMMAR I. The Modal Auxiliary: Should 1. Form: S + should + Vo….. 2. Use: Dieãn ñaït yù neân laøm gì hoaëc lôøi khuyeân (ñoàng nghóa vôùi ought to). Ex: We should reduce the amount of garbage in the city. II. Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 2 (see Unit 8 – Type 1) 1. Form If clause Main clause If + S + V2/ed….., S + would/could + Vo…… (be were) 2. Use Dieãn taû moät ñieàu kieän khoâng theå xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi. Ex: - If he had much time, he would help you. (He doesn’t have much time now) - If I were in your position, I could do that. (I am not in your position now) III. Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 3 (see Unit 8 – Type 1) 1. Form If clause Main clause If + S + had + V3/ed….., S + would/could + have + V3/ed…. 2. Use Dieãn taû moät ñieàu kieän khoâng theå xaûy ra trong quaù khöù. Ex: If we had studied hard last year, we would have got good marks. 5
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch (We didn’t study hard last year and we didn’t get good marks) 6
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch UNIT 11: NATIONAL PARKS ☺ VOCABULARY A. READING (pages 137-140) maintain (v) duy trì extract (n) ñoïan trích balance (v) caân baèng endangered species (n) loøai vaät coù nguy ecology (n) heä sinh thaùi cô tuyeät chuûng Aborigines (n) ngöôøi baûn xöù nöôùc ox (n) con boø ñöïc Australia. buffalo (n) con traâu noble (adj) cao quyù chopsticks (n) ñoâi ñuûa reptile (n) ñoäng vaät boø saùt gaur (n) boø gaâu amphibian (n) ñoäng vaät löôõng cö rim (n) vaønh ñai caretaker (n) ngöôøi chaêm soùc canyon (n) heûm nuùi manager (n) ngöôøi quaûn lí rainfall (n) löôïng möa graph (n) bieåu ñoà cover (v) che phuû spidergram (n) hình nheän unique (adj) duy nhaát B. LISTENING (pages 140-141) measure (n) möùc ñoä cafeteria (n) quaùn aên nhoû ecotour (n) chuyeán du lòch sinh thaùi vacant (adj) troáng guide (v) höôùng daãn go trekking (v) ñi baèng xe boø protect (v) baûo veä serious (adj) nghieâm troïng C. SPEAKING (pages 141-143) vehicle (n) xe coä permission (n) söï cho pheùp breathe (v) thôû bubble (n) lôøi noùi coøn ñeå troáng fell (v) ñoán caây shoot shot shot: baén dump trash (v) ñoå raùc public (adj) coâng coäng complicated (adj) phöùc taïp transportation (n) giao thoâng percent (n) phaàn traêm D. WRITING (pages 143-145) diaper (n) taõ loùt interpret (v) thoâng dòch debris (n) maûnh vôõ graph (n) bieåu ñoà occur (v) xaûy ra survey (n) ñieàu tra gas blowout (n) söï noã ga identify (v) chæ ra prediction (n) söï döï ñoùan respondent (n) ngöôøi traû lôøi E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 145-147) arrest (v) baét giöõ original state (n) hieän traïng goác inappropriate (adj) khoâng thích hôïp painting (n) böùc veõ profit (n) lôïi nhuaän gallery (n) phoøng tröng baøy cancel (v) huõy boû guest (n) khaùch snow (n) tuyeát purchase (v) = sell: baùn 7
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch WORD STUDY Preserve vs. Reserve - Preserve (v): giöõ gìn, baûo quaûn preservation (n) söï giöõ gìn, söï baûo quaûn - Reserve (v): ñeå daønh, ñaët tröôùc reservation (n) söï ñeå daønh, söï ñaët tröôùc - Reservation (n) vuøng ñaát daønh rieâng cho ngöôøi Mó baûn xöù sinh soáng. GRAMMAR I. Reduced Relative Clauses 1. Duøng V-ing : Khi ñoäng töø chính trong meänh ñeà tính töø ôû theå CHUÛ ÑOÄNG hoaëc laø BE. Ex: - Those people who are taking photos over there come from Sweden. Those people taking photos over there come from Sweden. - Fans who want to buy tickets started queuing early. Fans wanting to buy tickets started queuing early. 2. Duøng V3/ed : Khi ñoäng töø chính trong meänh ñeà tính töø ôû theå BÒ ÑOÄNG. Ex: - The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting. The books written by To Hoai are interesting. - Most students who were punished last week are lazy. Most students punished last week are lazy. II. The Passive Voice with Different Verb Forms and with Modals 1. The Passive Voice with Different Verb Forms Trong caùc thì coù caùc trôï ñoäng töø (Auxiliary verbs) nhö: am/ is/ are, was/ were, has/ have, had…… Ex: - Active: They have built a new bridge across the river. S Aux V O Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river (by them). S Aux be V3 by O - Active: Mai was watching a cartoon at 8 o’clock last night. S Aux V O Passive: A cartoon was being watched by Mai at 8 o’clock last night. S Aux be V-ed by O Active: S + Aux + V + O + ……. Passive: S + Aux + be + V3/ed + (by O) + …… Active Passive S + V1 + O S + am/is/are + V3/ed S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being +V3/ed S + has/have + V3/ed + O S + has/have + been + V3/ed 8
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch S + V2/ed + O S + was/were +V3/ed S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being +V3/ed S + had + V3/ed + O S + had + been + V3/ed S + will/shall + Vo + O S + will/shall + be +V3/ed 2. The Passive Voice with Modal Verbs Caùc ñoäng töø khieám khuyeát (Modal verbs) nhö: can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, had better, would rather, have to, be going to, used to, ought to, …. Ex: - Active: Nam can do this exercise right now. S M.V Vo O Passive: This exercise can be done by Nam right now. S M.V be V3 by O - Active: People are going to solve the problem next month. S modal verb Vo O Passive: The problem is going to be solved (by people) next month. S modal verb be V-ed by O Active: S + Modal Verbs + Vo + O + ……. Passive: S + Modal Verbs + be + V3/ed + (by O) + …… UNIT 12: MUSIC ☺ VOCABULARY symphony (n) baûn nhaïc giao höôûng A. READING (pages 148-150) emerge (v) noåi lean, xuaát hieän indispensable (adj) o theå thieáu ñöôïc beat (n) nhòp, phaùch instrument (n) nhaïc cuï hit (n) söï thaønh coâng classical (adj) coå ñieån solo (n) ñoïn ca, ñoäc taáu audience (n) khaùn giaû transmit (v) truyeàn romantic (adj) tröõ tình orally (adv) ñöôøng mieäng appeal (n) söï haáp daãn tune (n) giai ñieäu emotional (adj) xuùc caûm, xuùc ñoäng generation (n) theá heä stimulation (n) söï kích thích version (n) phieân baûn composer (n) nhaø soaïn nhaïc ban (v) caám B. LISTENING (pages 151-152) exist (v) toàn taïi dove (n) boà caâu pretend (v) giaû vôø sail (n) laùi die (v) cheát cannonball (n) ñaïn ñaïi baùc death (n) caùi cheát strike (v) taán coâng duet (n) song ca C. SPEAKING (pages 153-155) chorus (n) daøn ñoàng ca, hôïp xöôùng attitude (n) thaùi ñoä 9
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch experience (n) kinh nghieäm intriguing (adj) haáp daãn, say ñaém description (n) söï mieâu taû lyric (n) ca töø, lôøi nhaïc touch (v) chaïm vaøo stuff (n) thöù, moùn rhythm (n) nhòp ñieäu appreciate (v) ñaùnh giaù cao nostalgic (adj) hoaøi coå, hoaøi nieäm energized (adj) maïnh meõ melodious (adj) eâm tai, du döông princess (n) coâng chuùa D. WRITING (pages 155-156) thought-provoking (adj) gôïi nhieàu suy profile (n) tieåu söû nghó snapshot (n) böùc aûnh chuïp organize (v) toå chöùc influence (n) söï aûnh höôûng spice (v) theâm gia vò release (v) phaùt haønh antiwar (n) phaûn chieán reflect (v) phaûn aùnh legacy (n) gia taøi, di saûn religious (adj) thuoäc veà ñaïo finite (adj) haïn cheá legend (n) huyeàn thoaïi # infinite (adj) voâ haïn contemporary (adj) ñöông thôøi nourish (v) nuoâi döôõng anthemn (n) baøi quoác ca E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 157-159) adopt (v) löa choïn negotiate (v) baøn baïc revolutionary (adj) thuoäc caùch maïng record (v) thu inspiring (adj) gaây caûm höùng deposit (n) tieàn ñaët coïc reunion (n) söï ñoøan tuï fossil fuel (n) nhieân lieäu coå popularity (n) tính ñaïi chuùng protest (n) söï phaûn ñoái pass away (v) = die: cheát recital (n) buoåi bieåu dieãn army (n) quaân ñoäi patriotic (adj) yeâu nöôùc WORD STUDY Prefix “Non-“ non- means “not” Ex: nonrestrictive, nonclassical, nonracial, ……. Non + Adjective Adjective GRAMMAR I. Information Questions (see Unit 2) Baét ñaàu baèng caùc töø ñeå hoûi nhö: Who, whom, which, what, whose, when, where, why, how (old, long, far, much, many,……..) II. It Was not Until…… That…..: Maõi ñeán khi….. thì….. Ex: - He did not know to write until 1990. It was not until 1990 that he knew how to write. - They built a new house after they had saved enough money. It was not until they had saved enough money that they built a new house. 10
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch => It Was not Until…… That + S + V2/ed….. CONSOLIDATION 3 ☺ VOCABULARY unfair (adj) khoâng coâng baèng A. LISTENING (pages 160-161) intermission (n) giôø nghæ giaûo lao oxygen (n) khí oâxy miss (v) boû qua disappear (v) bieán maát save (v) ñeå daønh, tieát kieäm absorb (v) huùt, haáp thuï afford (v) coù ñuû khaû naêng carbon dioxide (n) ñioâxit cacbon exhaust (v) caïn kieät, meät moûi unsatisfactory (adj) khoâng haøi loøng switch on (v) môû coâng taéc B. VOCABULARY (pages 162-164) destination (n) ñieåm ñeán plate (n) caùi ñóa contribution (n) söï ñoùng goùp mushroom (n) nuùm rôm poison (n) chaát ñoäc decade (n) thaäp nieân ivory (n) ngaø voi autobiography (n) töï truyeän recite (v) trích daãn indispensable(adj) khoâng theå boû ñöôïc suspect (v) nghi ngôø indistinct (adj) khoâng khaùc bieät specialist (n) chuyeân gia operator (n) ngöôøi söû duïng maùy transmit (v) truyeàn director (n) ñaïo dieãn surge (n) soùng coàn C. GRAMMAR (pages 164-166) ultimately (adv) cô baûn, cuoái cuøng fume (n) khoùi thaûy töø xe coä firefighter (n) lính cöùu hoûa dust (n) buïi shelter (n) nôi truù nguï hurricane (n) côn baûo landslide (n) söï lôû ñaát separate (v) taùch rôøi lumberjack (n) ngöôøi ñoán caây breach (v) phaù vôõ observe (v) quan saùt D. READING (pages 167-168) accompany (v) quen vôùi role (n) vai troø brand (n) nhaõn hieäu serve (v) phuïc vuï obvious (adj) roõ raøng function (n) chöùc naêng soothe (v) traán tónh motivate (v) thuùc ñaåy nerve (n) söï sôï haõi unite (v) lieân keát profound (n) saâu saéc promote (v) thuùc ñaåy impact (n) söï taùc ñoäng patriotism (n) loøng yeâu nöôùc imply (v) aån yù advertiser (n) nhaø quaûng caùo soften (v) laøm nheï laïi consumer (n) ngöôøi tieâu thuï introduce (v) giôùi thieäu E. WRITING (page 168) interest (n) sôû thích consult (v) tö vaán plan (n) keá hoïach yourself (pron) chính baïn 11
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch UNIT 13: THEATER AND MOVIES ☺ VOCABULARY A. READING (pages 169-172) aspect (n) maët, khía caïnh playwright (n) nhaø vieát kòch satisfaction (n) söï haøi loøng actor/ actress (n) nam/ nöõ dieãn vieân perception (n) söï caûm nhaän hero (n) anh huøng extend (v) traûi roäng victory (n) chieán thaéng extraordinary (adj) to lôùn, khaùc thöôøng contest (n) cuoäc thi spiritual (adj) thuoäc veà tinh thaàn opposing (adj) choáng ñoái comedy (n) haøi kòch outcome (n) keát quaû tragedy (n) bi kòch execution (n) daøn döïng drama (n) vôûï kòch work of art (n) taùc phaåm ngheä thuaät character (n) nhaân vaät brushwork (n) phong caùch veõ issue (n) söï kieän instrument (n) thieát bò, duïng cuï exaggerated (adj) phoùng ñaïi director (n) ñaïo dieãn management (n) söï quaûn lí technique (n) kó thuaät B. LISTENING (pages 172-174) generation (n) theá heä motion picture (n) phim aûnh gifted (adj) coù naêng khieáu image (n) hình aûnh moviemaker (n) nhaø laøm phim civil war (n) noäi chieán studio (n) xöôûng phim art form (n) hình thöùc ngheä thuaät decade (n) thaäp kó perfect (v) laøm hoaøn haûo unmarried (adj) chöa keát hoân C. SPEAKING (pages 174-176) review (v) oân laïi preference (n) söï öa chuoäng sex scene (n) caûnh phim sex stretch (v) traûi daøi behavior (n) thaùi ñoä imagination (n) söï töôûng töôïng misleading (adj) meâ muoäi, laàm ñöôøng memorable (adj) deã nhôù thrilling (adj) hoài hoäp moral lesson (n) baøi hoïc ñaïo ñöùc energizing (adj) maïnh meõ adult (n) ngöôøi lôùn simplistic (adj) ñôn giaûn innocent (adj) ngaây thô D. WRITING (pages 176-177) seemingly (adv) veû ngoøai direct (v) daøn döïng stupid (adj) ngu the truth (n) söï thaät transform (v) chuyeån ñoåi mentally slow: chaäm veà maët tinh thaàn invaluable (adj) voâ giaù honesty (n) tính trung thöïc irreplaceable (adj)khoâng theå thay theá reward (n) phaàn thöôûng restate (v) khaúng ñònh laïi respect (v) toân troïng 12
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 177-179) flood-hit (adj) bò luõ luït prejudice (n) thaønh kieán enthusiastic (adj) haêng haùi, nhieät tình exact (v) ñoøi hoûi, daãn ñeán horror movie (n) phim kinh dò precede (v) laøm, ñeán tröôùc breathtaking (adj) kinh ngaïc physical (adj) veà theå chaát stunt (n) bieåu dieãn nhaøo loän encounter (v) gaëp doubt (n) nghi ngôø prestigious (adj) uy tín comic (n) kòch vui WORD STUDY Adjectives of Attitudes Caùc tính töø taän cuøng laø: -ed/ing, -ic, -ive, -al, -ful, -able…… Ex: excited, frightening, breathtaking, dramatic, appreciative, original, delightful, invaluable, ……. GRAMMAR ARTICLES (A, AN, THE) I. Indefinite Articles: A/ AN 1. A/An ñöôïc duøng tröôùc: -danh töø ñeám ñöôïc, soá ít. Ex: a doctor, a bag, an animal, an *An: ñöùng tröôùc nguyeân aâm (a, o, e, u, i) hour……… hoaëc “h” caâm. Ex: an animal, an hour……… -trong caùc caáu truùc: so + adj + a/an + noun Ex: She is so pretty a girl. such + a/an + noun - It’s such a beautiful picture. as + adj + a/an + noun + as - She is as pretty a girl as her sister. How + adj + a/an + noun + verb! - How beautiful a girl you are! -tröôùc caùc danh töø trong ngöõ ñoàng vò. Ex: Nguyen Du, a great poet, wrote that novel. -trong caùc cuïm töø chæ soá löôïng. Ex: a pair, a couple, a lot of, a little, a few, a large/great number of…….. 2. A/An khoâng ñöôïc duøng: -tröôùc caùc danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc. Ex: Coffee is also a kind of drink. -tröôùc caùc danh töø ñeám ñöôïc soá nhieàu Ex: Dogs are faithful animals. II. Definite Article: THE 1. THE ñöôïc duøng tröôùc: -nhöõng vaät duy nhaát. Ex: the sun, the moon, the world…. -caùc danh töø ñöôïc xaùc ñònh bôûi cuïm -The house with green fence is hers. tính töø hoaëc meänh ñeà tính töø. -The man that we met has just come. -caùc danh töø ñöôïc xaùc ñònh qua ngöõ Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself. 13
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch caûnh hoaëc ñöôïc ñeà caäp tröôùc ñoù. - I have a book and an eraser. The book is now on the table. -caùc danh töø chæ söï giaûi trí. Ex: the theater, the concert, the church.. -tröôùc teân caùc taøu thuyeàn, maùy bay. Ex: The Titanic was a great ship. -caùc soâng, bieån, ñaïi döông, daõy nuùi Ex: the Mekong River, the China Sea, the Pacific Ocean, the Himalayas -moät nhoùm caùc ñaûo hoaëc quoác gia. Ex: the Philippines, the United States. -tính töø duøng nhö danh töø taäp hôïp. Ex: You should help the poor. -trong so saùnh nhaát. Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class. -teân ngöôøi ôû soá nhieàu (chæ gia ñình). Ex: The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams -caùc danh töø ñaïi dieän cho moät loaøi. Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet. -caùc traïng töø chæ thôøi gian, nôi choán. Ex:in the morning, in the street, in the water -soá thöù töï. Ex: the first, the second, the third…. -chuoãi thôøi gian hoaëc khoâng gian. Ex: the next, the following, the last... 2. THE khoâng ñöôïc duøng: -tröôùc caùc danhtöø soá nhieàu noùi chung Ex: They build houses near the hall. -danh töø tröøu töôïng,khoâng ñeám ñöôïc. Ex: Independence is a happy thing. -caùc danh töø chæ maøu saéc. Ex: Red and white make pink. -caùc moân hoïc. Ex: Math is her worst subject. -caùc vaät lieäu, kim loaïi. Ex: Steel is made from iron. -caùc teân nöôùc, chaâu luïc, thaønh phoá. Ex:Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam. -caùc chöùc danh, teân ngöôøi. Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga -caùc böõa aên, moùn aên, thöùc aên. Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner -caùc troø chôi, theå thao. Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN. -caùc loaïi beänh taät. Ex: Cold is a common disease. -ngoân ngöõ, tieáng noùi. Ex:English is being used everywhere -caùc kì nghæ, leã hoäi. Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine… -caùc muõi ñaát (nhoâ ra bieån), hoà, nuùi. Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount Caám, Mount Rushmore….. UNIT 14: THE WORLD CUP ☺ VOCABULARY A. READING (pages 180-182) title (n) danh hieäu Abbreviation (n) töø vieát taét forward (n) tieàn ñaïo tournament (n) voøng ñaáu control (n) vieäc kieåm soùat competition (n) söï thi ñaáu 14
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch participate (v) tham gia powerful (adj) maïnh meõ elimination game (n) traän ñaáu loïai popularity (n) tính ñaïi chuùng region (n) khu vöïc host (n) chuû nhaø qualify (v) ñuû tieâu chuan SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory trophy (n) cuùp Syndrome: hoäi chöùng suy hoâ haáp permanently (adv) vónh vieãn emerge (v) noãi leân honor (v) toân vinh attempt (v) coá gaéng aloft (adv) ôû treân khoâng B. LISTENING (pages 183-184) breaststroke (n) kieåu bôi eách athlete (n) vaän ñoäng vieân freestyle (n) bôi töï do whistle (n) caùi coøi incredible (adj) ngaïc nhieân penalty (n) quaû phaït ñeàn attack (v) taán coâng kick (v) ñaù consistently (adv) kieân ñònh cross-court (adv) baêng qua saân bishop (n) quaân töôïng opponent (n) ñoái thuû castle (n) quaân xe approach (v) tieán ñeán knight (n) quaân maõ post (n) coät moác pressure (n) aùp löïc fence (n) haøng raøo commentary (n) baøi bình luaän jockey (n) ngöôøi cöôûi ngöïa C. SPEAKING (pages 184-186) court (n) saân score (v) ghi baøn dribble (v) reâ boùng bat (v) ñaùnh boùng defender (n) = halfback: haäu veä hurdles (n) nhaûy raøo midfielder (n) tieàn veä equipment (n) duïng cuï forward (n) = striker: tieàn ñaïo rule (n) quy taéc defense (n) söï phoøng thuû frame (n) khung halftime (n) giôø giaûi lao net (n) löôùi announcer (n) ngöôøi thoâng baùo D. WRITING (page 187) Foundation Day (n) ngaøy thaønh laäp announcement (n) thoâng baùo manager (n) quaûn lí Youth League (n) Ñoøan Thanh Nieân E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 187-189) goalie (n) = goalkeeper: thuû moân guard (v) baûo veä ambition (n) tham voïng cooperation (n) söï phoái hôïp referee (n) troïng taøi GRAMMAR To Infinitive (to-V) 1. Expressing Purposes Ex: - Nam went abroad to study English. = To study English, Nam went abroad. - We turn on the TV to watch a soccer match. 15
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch * Duøng ñeå chæ muïc ñích cuûa haønh ñoäng trong meänh ñeà phía tröôùc. 2. As Modifiers Ex: - A good plce to eat is Song Tra Hotel. - They have a lot of books to read. * Duøng ñeå boå nghóa cho danh töø hoaëc ñaïi töø ñöùng tröôùc. UNIT 15: THE PACIFIC RIM ☺ VOCABULARY official (adj) chính thöùc A. READING (pages 190-193) descent (n) doøng doõi dynamism (n) tính naêng ñoäng producer (n) nhaø saûn xuaát advanced (adj) cao caáp wool (n) len western (adj) phöông Taây wheat (n) boät mì natural source (n) nguoàn löïc töï nhieân dairy product (n) saûn phaãm söõa Far East (n) Vieãn Ñoâng foodstuff (n) loaïi thöùc aên human source(n) nguoàn löïc con ngöôøi multiracial (adj) ña saéc toäc productivity (n) tính saûn xuaát independent (adj) ñoäc laäp theorist (n) lí thuyeát gia stimulate (v) kích thích refocus (v) taäp trung laïi export (n) haøng xuaát khaåu extend (v) môû roäng import (n) haøng nhaäp khaåu rank (v) phaân loaïi banking (n) ngaønh ngaân haøng exporter (n) nhaø xuaát khaåu authorized (adj) chính thöùc Common Wealth (n) khoái coängñoàng chief (adj) chuû yeáu comprise (v) bao goàm shoreline (n) ven bôø territorial (adj) thuoäc laõnh thoå diamond-shaped island (n) ñaûo coù hình B. LISTENING (pages 193-194) vieân kim cöông North Pole (n) Baéc Cöïc shipping route (n) haûi trình pumpkin (n) bí ngoâ climate (n) khí haäu pie (n) baùnh pa-teâ cosmopolitan (adj) goàm nhieàu ngöôøi töø emblem (n) bieåu töôïng caùc nöôùc Merlion (n) ñoäng vaät ñaàu sö töû thaân caù ranch (n) trang traïi province (n) tænh C. SPEAKING (pages 194-195) presentation (n) baøi phaùt bieåu surrounding area (n) khu vöïc bao boïc island (n) hoøn ñaûo D. WRITING (pages 195-197) grotto (n) hang ñeïp nhö tranh postcard (n) böu thieáp lie (v) lying: naèm spectacular (adj) ngoaïn muïc coastal (adj) bôø bieån cave (n) hang ñoäng 16
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 197-199) arouse (v) gôïi leân nostalgia (n) hoøai nieäm expert (n) chuyeân gia latter (n) ngöôøi, vaät (ñöôïc ñeà caäp sau) occupy (v) chieám giöõ densely (adv) daøy ñaëc independent (adj) ñoäc laäp populated (adj) sinh soáng, cö nguï architecture (n) kieán truùc GRAMMAR COMPARISONS I. Comparison of equality 1. Affirmative: as + adj/adv + as (baèng/ nhö) Ex: - I’m as tall as Tom. - John works as hard as his father. 2. Negative: not as/so + adj/adv + as (khoâng baèng/ nhö) Ex: - This watch is not as/so expensive as mine. (= my watch) - She does not sing as/so well as her sister. II. Comparative of adi/ adv 1. Short adj/ adv: adj/adv + ER + than Tính töø/traïng töø ngaén laø töø coù moät vaàn hay hai vaàn taän cuøng baèng “y”. fast, cold, thick, lucky, happy .… Ex: - John is stronger than his brother. - This athlete runs faster than that one. 2. Long adj/ adv: more + adj/adv + than Tính töø/traïng töø daøi laø töø coù hai vaàn trôû leân. modern, patient, difficult, fluently, beautifully, … Ex: - This problem is more difficult than we thought. - He speaks English more fluently than his friend. III. Superlative of adj/ adv 1. Short adj/ adv: the + adj/adv + EST Ex: Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. 2. Long adj/ adv: the + MOST + adj/adv Ex: She is the most beautiful girl in the class. * Tính töø/ traïng töø baát qui taéc Adj/ Adv Comparative Superlative good/well (toát) better the best bad/badly (xaáu, dôû) worse the worst far (xa) farther/further the farthest/furthest little (ít) less the least many/much (nhieàu) more the most 17
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch 18
Vocabulary & Grammar for English 10 Leâ Ngoïc Thaïch UNIT 16: HISTORICAL PLACES ☺ VOCABULARY influence (n) aûnh höôûng A. READING (pages 200-202) property (n) taøi saûn establishment (n) thieát laäp maintenance (n) baûo quaûn emperor (n) hoaøng ñeá register (v) ñaêng kí imperial (adj) thuoäc hoaøng ñeá edge (n) bôø temple (n) ñình, ñeàn florish (v) phaùt ñaït shrine (n) ngoâi ñeàn status (n) vò trí palace (n) dinh thöï retain (v) giöõ laïi fabulous (adj) ñeïp khoâng töôûng highlight (n) ñieåm noåi baät enthronment (n) leã taán phong fairy tail (n) chuyeän thaàn kì anniversary (n) = ceremony = ritual: ceremony (n) nghi leã nghi leã flight (n) chuyeán bay B. LISTENING (pages 202-204) connection (n) söï keát noái citadel (n) thaønh trì architectural work (n) coâng trình kieán perfume (n) höông truùc Court Music (n) nhaïc cung ñình dynasty (n) trieàu ñaïi mandarin (n) oâng quan varied (adj) ña daïng artisan (n) thôï thuû coâng royal tomb (n) moä hoaøng gia handicraft (n) haøng thuû coâng dish (n) moùn aên cyclo (n) xích loâ C. SPEAKING (pages 204-205) moss-walled: töôøng roâng reâu event (n) söï kieän worship (n) söï thôø cuùng well-preserved (adj) baûo toàn toát tiled-roof (n) maùi ngoùi attract (v) thu huùt seaport (n) caûng bieån foreign (adj) nöôùc ngoaøi witness (n) söï chöùng kieán D. WRITING (page 206) comospolitan (n) goàm nhieàu ngöôøi heart (n) traùi tim, trung taâm square (n) quaûng tröôøng bend (n) choã uoán slippery (adj) trôn tröôït E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (p. 207-209) accommodation (n) choã ôû Dynasty (n) trieàu ñaïi package tour (n) chuyeán ñi du lòch troïn king (n) vua goùi tomb (n) moä line up (v) xeáp haøng tidal wave (n) soùng thaàn archeologist (n) nhaø khaûo coå figure (n) con soá relic (n) di tích favorable (adj) coù trieån voïng 19

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