Biological molecules

A benzothiazole ring plays an important role in pharmacological target diseases, including metabolic diseases, cancer, anti-inflammatory, neurodegeneration, viral diseases, bacterial infections, fibrosis, and thrombosis. Hydrazone-hydrazide derivatives are present in numerous biological molecules and play a significant role in medicine and pharmacology.

9p viaburame 14-03-2025 1 1   Download

The recent successful application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Message Passing Neural Network (MPNN) in predicting physicochemical and biological properties of drug molecules suggests for the researchers on the ability to apply these models in selecting excipients.

9p vihyuga 04-03-2025 3 1   Download

A reaction happens need the energy to vibrate the molecules and the reactant concentration enough. The energy here is often provided by heat. However, in living system, high temperature may harm the biological structure Truly that the concentration in living system is very low. So living organisms solve these problems by using enzyme

94p zingzing09 21-10-2012 68 10   Download

In the further research and synthesis of hybrid molecules which exhibit highly biological activities, the synthesis of triazole-fused bicyclic heterocycles bearing the benzofuran has been undertaken. A facile, convenient and good yielding synthesis of novel benzofuran-bearing 1,2,4-trazole derivatives were described.

6p viprimi 16-12-2024 1 1   Download

In the aim of further research of the highly bioactive benzofuran and triazine derivatives, the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazine derivatives bearing the benzofuran moiety has been undertaken. Using a simple and convenient method, a three steps synthesis of novel functionalized 1,2,4-triazine derivatives from readily available starting materials has been described.

6p viprimi 16-12-2024 1 1   Download

Master's thesis of Science "Investigation into the modulation of circadian clock proteins by dietary compounds and small molecules" is structured as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Identification of novel bioactive compounds from Olea europaea by evaluation of chemical compounds in the OliveNetTM library: in silico bioactivity and molecular modelling, and in vitro validation of hERG activity; Chapter 3 Modulation of circadian core clock proteins by dietary compounds; Chapter 4 Molecular mechanisms of action of selected olive phenolics against epigenetic modifiers and the structur...

235p runthenight04 02-02-2023 5 3   Download

Department of Chemistry ‘IFM’, University of Torino, Italy; 2Department of Biology, University ‘Roma Tre’, Rome, Italy; 3Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Insubria, Italy Haem binding to human serum albumin (HSA) endows the protein with peculiar spectroscopic properties. Here, the effect of ibuprofen and warfarin on the spectroscopic properties of ferric haem –human serum albumin (ferric HSA–haem) and of ferrous nitrosylated haem –human serum albumin (ferrous HSA –haem-NO) is reported.

7p system191 01-06-2013 47 3   Download

Frog p26olf is a novel S100-like Ca21-binding protein found in olfactory cilia. It consists of two S100-like domains aligned sequentially, and has a total of four Ca21-binding sites (known as EF-hands). In this study, to elucidate the mechanism of Ca21-binding to each EF-hand (named EF-A, -B, -C and -D from the N-terminus of p26olf), we examined Ca21-binding in wild-type p26olf and also in its mutants in which a glutamate at the –z coordinate position within each Ca21-binding loop was substituted for a glutamine.

8p system191 01-06-2013 31 4   Download

Subunits (a, b and c) of the interleukin-2 receptor complex (IL-2R) are involved in both proliferative and activationinduced cell death (AICD) signaling of T cells. In addition, the signaling b and c chains are shared by other cytokines (e.g. IL-7, IL-9, IL-15). However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for recruiting/sorting the a chains to the signaling chains at the cell surface are not clear.

10p research12 01-06-2013 33 5   Download

To gain insight in the subcellular localization of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF4) we analyzed GFP chimeras of full-length TRAF4 and various deletionmutants derived thereof.While TRAF4–GFP (T4– GFP) was clearlylocalized in the cytoplasm, the N-terminal deletion mutant, T4(259–470), comprising the TRAF domain of the molecule, and a C-terminal deletion mutant consisting mainlyof the RING and zinc finger domains of TRAF4 were both localized predominantlyto the nucleus....

11p research12 29-04-2013 51 4   Download

Human interleukin-11 (hIL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in numerous biological activities such as hematopoiesis, osteoclastogenesis, neurogenesis and female fertility. IL-11 is obviously a key reagent to study the IL-11 receptors. However, conventional radio-iodination techni-ques lead to a loss of IL-11 bioactivity. Here, we report the construction and the production of a new recombinant human IL-11 (FPDIL-11). In this molecule, a speci®c phosphorylation site (RRASVA) has been introduced at the N-terminus of rhIL-11. ...

8p research12 29-04-2013 32 4   Download

In human neutrophils, both changes in intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations, [Ca 2+ ] i , and activation of phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PtdIns3K) have been proposed to play a role in regulating cellular function induced by chemoattr-actants. In this studywe have investigated the role of [Ca 2+ ] i and its effector molecule calmodulin in human neutrophils.

10p research12 23-04-2013 43 2   Download

Theoxidation-promotingreactivityof copper(II) complexof aminoglycosidic antibiotic amikacin [Cu(II)-Ami] in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, was studied at pH 7.4, using 2¢-deoxyguanosine (dG), pBR322 plasmid DNA and yeast tRNA Phe as target molecules. Themixtures of complexwith H2O2were found to be efficient oxidants, converting dG to its 8-oxo derivative, generating strand breaks in plasmid DNA and multiple cleavages in tRNA Phe .

10p tumor12 22-04-2013 35 3   Download

Earlier we presented several lines of evidence that a 67-kDa laminin binding protein (LBP) inLeishmania donovani,that is different from the putative mammalian 67-kDa laminin receptor, may play an important role in the onset of leish-maniasis, as these parasites invade macrophages in various organs after migrating through the extracellular matrix. Here we describe the membrane orientation of thisLeish-manialaminin receptor.

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 46 4   Download

The cell line, RCS-LTC (derived from the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma), deposits a copious extracellular matrix in which the collagen component is primarily a polymer of partially processed type II N-procollagen molecules. Transmission electron microscopy of the matrix shows no obvious fibrils, only a mass of thin unbanded filaments. We have used this cell system to show that the type II N-pro-collagen polymer nevertheless is stabilized by pyridinoline cross-links at molecular sites (mediated by N- and C-telo-peptide domains) found in collagen II fibrils processed nor-mally....

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 34 2   Download

The mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase module: (Raf fiMEKfiERKs) is central to the control of cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival. The fidelity of signalling and the spatio-temporal activation are key deter-minants in generating precise biological responses. The fidelity is ensured by scaffold proteins – protein kinase
insulators – andby specific docking sites. The duration and the intensity of the response are in part controlled by the compartmentalization of the signalling molecules. ...

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 30 2   Download

X-ray crystallography of the nonheme manganese catalase fromLactobacillus plantarum(LPC) [Barynin, V.V., Whit-taker, M.M., Antonyuk, S.V., Lamzin, V.S., Harrison, P.M., Artymiuk, P.J. & Whittaker, J.W. (2001)Structure9, 725–738] has revealed the structure of the dimanganese redox cluster together with its protein environment. The oxidized [Mn(III)Mn(III)] cluster is bridged by two solvent molecules (oxo and hydroxo, respectively) together with a l1,3bridging glutamate carboxylate and is embedded in a web of hydrogen bonds involving an outer sphere tyrosine residue (Tyr42). ...

15p tumor12 20-04-2013 30 6   Download

To elucidate the structural features of the mussel defensin MGD1 required for antimicrobial activity, we synthesized a series of peptides corresponding to the main known secon-dary structures of the molecule and evaluated their activity towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and filamentous fungi. We found that the nonapeptide corres-ponding to residues 25–33 of MGD1 (CGGWHRLRC) exhibited bacteriostatic activity once it was cyclized by a non-naturally occurring disulfide bridge.

9p fptmusic 16-04-2013 50 2   Download

Intercellular adhesion molecule-4 (ICAM-4, LW blood group antigen), a member of the immunoglobulin super-familyexpressed on red cells, has been reported to bind to CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 leukocyte integrins. The location of the ICAM-4 binding sites on CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 are not known. CD11/CD18 integrin I domains have been found to act as major binding sites for physiological ligands and a negatively charged glutamic acid in ICAMs is considered important for binding.

14p fptmusic 16-04-2013 32 3   Download

We isolated a cholesterol-enriched membrane subpopulation from the so-called lipid raft fractions of Jurkat T-cells by taking advantage of its selective binding to a cholesterol-binding probe, BCh. The BCh-bound mem-brane subpopulation has a much higher cholesterol⁄phospholipid (C⁄P) molar ratio (
1.0) than the BCh-unbound population in raft fractions (
0.3). It contains not only the raft markers GM1 and flotillin, but also some T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling molecules, including Lck, Fyn and LAT. ...

10p fptmusic 12-04-2013 48 3   Download