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Cathepsin B
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A drug delivery system (DDS) containing a cathepsin B degradable sequence and pH-responsive histidines was prepared by methoxypolyethylene glycol and peptide conjugation. Doxorubicin was attached to the carrier system using amide linkage to give the final form of the DDS, denoted as mPEG-AT3-DOX. mPEG-AT3-DOX exhibited a bimodal size distribution at about 15 and 30 nm independent of pH, whereas the size of the control DDS containing no peptide sequence, mPEG-DOX, was measured as ∼ 15–20 nm. At the end of 72 h, % doxorubicin release from both of the DDSs was observed to be below 8.
16p
tudichquannguyet
29-11-2021
8
1
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The main aim of the current study is to determine sufficient RANKL/MCSF concentrations for differentiation of the cells to osteoclasts and to describe the repressive effect of MEL on the osteoclastogenesis of these cells. In this regard, it was found that 10 ng/mL of RANKL- and MCSF-containing medium is suitable for inducing osteoclastogenesis of the cells. In addition, melatonin at doses in the range of 100–1000 µM does not have a cytotoxic effect.
10p
thiencuuchu
27-11-2021
6
1
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Pine trees challenged by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus invasion produce phytoalexins to combat this nematode. Nevertheless, the phytoalexins of Asian pine trees are ineffective against B. xylophilus. The anti-phytoalexin genes of B. xylophilus disable almost all Asian pine phytoalexins, which has allowed B. xylophilus to devastate pine forests in eastern Asia over the last four decades.
12p
visilicon2711
20-08-2021
11
1
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Cathepsin B inhibitor improves developmental competency and cryo-tolerance of in vitro ovine embryos
Cathepsin B is a lysosomal cysteine protease involved in apoptosis and oocytes which have lower developmental competence show higher expression of Cathepsin B. Furthermore, expression of Cathepsin B show a decreasing trend from oocyte toward blastocyst stage.
9p
viwyoming2711
16-12-2020
7
0
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The diagnostic and prognostic significance of increased cathepsin B (CTSB) and cathepsin D (CTSD) concentration in the serum of cancer patients were evaluated for some tumor types. High expression of CTSD and CTSB was detected in biopsy tissues from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, whether CTSD and CTSB serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers of NPC remains unclear.
7p
vinaypyidaw2711
26-08-2020
14
3
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Hormonal-receptor positive (HRP) breast cancer patients with positive metastatic axillary lymph nodes are characterized by poor prognosis and increased mortality rate. The mechanisms by which cancer cells invade lymph nodes have not yet been fully explored. Several studies have shown that expression of IL-6 and the proteolytic enzyme cathepsin B (CTSB) was associated with breast cancer poor prognosis.
10p
kequaidan1
16-11-2019
20
0
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Expansins are a family of proteins that catalyze pHdependent long-term extension of isolated plant cell walls. They are divided into two groups, a and b, the latter consisting of the grass group I pollen allergens and their vegetative homologs. Expansins are suggested to mediate plant cell growth by interfering with either structural proteins or the polysaccharide network in the cell wall.
10p
research12
01-06-2013
26
3
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The aimof this workwas to elucidate the roles of individual residues within the flexible second binding loop of human cystatin A in the inhibition of cysteine proteases. Four recombinant variants of the inhibitor, each with a single mutation, L73G, P74G, Q76G or N77G, in the most exposed part of this loopwere generated by PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis. The binding of these variants to papain, cathepsin L, and cathepsin B was characterized by equilibrium and kinetic methods.
10p
tumor12
22-04-2013
30
1
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Báo cáo khoa học: Human proteoglycan testican-1 inhibits the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin L
Testican-1, a secreted proteoglycan enriched in brain, has a single thyropin domain that is highly homologous to domains previously shown to inhibit cysteine proteases. We demonstrate that purified recombinant human testican-1 is a strong competitive inhibitor of the lysosomal cysteine pro-tease, cathepsin L,withaKiof 0.7nM, but it does not inhibit the structurally related lysosomal cysteine protease cathep-sin B. Testican-1 inhibition of cathepsin L is independent of its chondroitin sulfate chains and is effective at both pH 5.5 and7.2.
8p
tumor12
20-04-2013
31
3
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Macrophages at an inflammatory site release massive amounts of proteolytic enzymes, including lysosomal cys-teine proteases, which colocalizewith their circulating, tight-binding inhibitors (cystatins, kininogens), so modifying the protease/antiprotease equilibrium in favor of enhanced proteolysis. We have explored the ability of human cath-epsins B, KandL to participate in the production of kinins, using kininogens and synthetic peptides that mimic the insertion sites of bradykinin on human kininogens....
8p
tumor12
20-04-2013
40
3
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The recombinant cysteine peptidases, cruzain from Trypanosoma cruziand CPB2.8DCTE fromLeishmania mexicana, are cathepsin L-like and characteristically endo-peptidases. In this study, we characterized the carboxydi-peptidase activities of these enzymes and compared them with those of human recombinant cathepsin B and cathep-sin L. The analysis used the internally quenched fluorescent peptide Abz-FRFK*-OH and some of its analogues, where Abz isortho-aminobenzoic acid and K* is (2,4-dinitrophe-nyl)-e-NH2-lysine. ...
8p
dell39
03-04-2013
33
3
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When challenged by the dietary soybean cysteine protease inhibitor scN, the cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) adapts to the inhibitory effects by readjusting the transcriptome of its digestive system, including the specific activation of a cathepsin B-like cysteine protease CmCatB.
15p
galaxyss3
19-03-2013
26
2
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Altered protease activity is considered important for tumour invasion and metastasis, processes in which the cysteine proteases cathepsin B and L are involved. Their natural inhibitor cystatin C is a secreted protein, suggesting that it functions to control extracellular protease activity.
12p
galaxyss3
07-03-2013
38
4
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Breast cancer cells exhibit excessive proteolysis, which is responsible for extensive extracellular matrix degradation, invasion and metastasis. Besides other proteases, lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B has been impli-cated in these processes and the impairment of its intracellular activity was suggested to reduce harmful proteolysis and hence diminish progression of breast tumors.
12p
media19
04-03-2013
49
1
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We have previously shown that heparin can increase the activity of the pro-enzyme form of Alzheimer’s b-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). Cathepsin D (CD) is a member of the aspartic prote-ase family and has sequence similarity to BACE1.
10p
vinaphone15
28-02-2013
32
1
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Plant cathepsin B-like cysteine protease (CBCP) plays a role in disease resistance and in protein remobilization during germination. The ability of animal cathepsin B to function as a dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase has been attributed to the presence of a dihistidine (His110-His111) motif in the occluding loop, which represents a unique structure of cathepsin B.
15p
vinaphone15
28-02-2013
42
1
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A complex of chagasin, a protein inhibitor fromTrypanosoma cruzi, and papain, a classic family C1 cysteine protease, has been crystallized. Kinetic studies revealed that inactivation of papain by chagasin is very fast (kon= 1.5·10 6 m )1 Æs )1 ), and results in the formation of a very tight, reversible complex (Ki =36pm), with similar or better rate and equilib-rium constants than those for cathepsins L and B.
14p
vinaphone15
27-02-2013
49
1
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Cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and other cysteine proteases are synthesized as zymogens, which are processed to their mature forms autocatalytically or by other proteases. Autocatalytic processing was suggested to be a bimolec-ular process, whereas initiation of the processing has not yet been clarified.
9p
vinaphone15
27-02-2013
21
2
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Cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) is a lysosomal cysteine protease with both endo-peptidase and exopeptidase activity. The former is associated with the deg-radation of the extracellular matrix proteins, which is a process required for tumour cell invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we show that 2A2 monoclonal antibody, raised by our group, is able to regulate cathep-sin B activity.
13p
vinaphone15
25-02-2013
39
3
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Cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) is one of the most versatile human cysteine cath-epsins. It is important for intracellular protein degradation under normal conditions and is involved in a number of pathological processes. The occluding loop makes cathepsin B unique among cysteine cathepsins.
8p
viettel02
19-02-2013
28
3
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