Chromatin

We develop a method called open chromatin enrichment and network Hi-C (OCEAN-C) for antibody-independent mapping of global open chromatin interactions. By integrating FAIRE-seq and Hi-C, OCEAN-C detects open chromatin interactions enriched by active cis-regulatory elements.

14p vimichaelfaraday 25-03-2022 12 3   Download

Chromatin state provides a clear decipherable blueprint for maintenance of transcriptional patterns, exemplifying a mitotically stable form of cellular programming in dividing cells. In this regard, genomic studies of chromatin states within cancerous tissues have the potential to uncover novel aspects of tumor biology and unique mechanisms associated with disease phenotypes and outcomes.

15p vielonmusk 21-01-2022 14 1   Download

Bài giảng Những điểm mới trong điều trị viêm gan B mạn hiện nay trình bày các nội dung chính sau: Lược qua về thực hành điều trị hiện nay, những hiểu biết quan trọng về nhiễm HBV,... Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo để nắm nội dung chi tiết của bài giảng.

36p viguam2711 06-01-2021 33 2   Download

nhân dòng gen và vùng promoter ubiquitin từ cây ngô (Ubiquitin là một protein trong tế bào nhân thực và trình tự của nó có tính bảo thủ cao, ubiquitin tham gia vào nhiều quá trình của tế bào như: cân bằng giữa tổng hợp và thoái biến protein, cấu trúc chromatin, điều hành chu kỳ tế bào, sửa chữa DNA và phản ứng với sốc nhiệt và các stress khác. Gen mã hóa cho protein này (gen Ubiquitin) và promoter Ubiquitin đã được nhân dòng và nghiên cứu đánh giá khả năng hoạt động từ nhiều đối tượng như lúa, ngô, lay ơn. Promoter Ubiquitin có vai trò quan trọng trong thể hiện gen ở cây một lá mầm.

8p trinhthamhodang 28-10-2019 53 1   Download

Bài viết trình bày quy trình SCD với thao tác đơn giản, thời gian thực hiện ngắn, có tiềm năng ứng dụng trong chẩn đoán và điều trị vô sinh nam cũng như mở ra các hướng nghiên cứu về phân mảnh DNA tinh trùng tại Việt Nam.

6p vihera2711 03-10-2019 46 2   Download

Chapter 13 - Chromatin structure and its effects on transcription. In this chapter, we will look at the crucial relationship among activators, chromatin structure, and gene activity. This chapter presents the following content: Histones, nucleosomes, chromatin structure and gene activity.

40p tangtuy05 30-03-2016 77 3   Download

Điều hòa biểu hiện gene ở eukaryote Điều hòa hoạt động gene ở eukaryote phức tạp hơn nhiều so với prokaryote. Liên quan đến điều hòa, giữa prokaryote và eukaryote có một số điểm khác biệt: - Ở eukaryote thường chỉ có một chuỗi polypeptide đơn được dịch mã từ một phân tử mRNA hoàn chỉnh. mRNA đa gene (polycistronic) chỉ có ở prokaryote, không có ở eukaryote. - DNA của eukaryote gắn với protein histone tạo sợi chromatin, và gắn với protein phi histone. Chỉ có một đoạn nhỏ DNA để trần. Ở prokaryote, một vài protein có mặt trên...

7p butmauvang 29-08-2013 172 13   Download

DNA transactions in eukaryotes require that proteins gain access to target sequences packaged in chromatin. Further, interactions between distinct nucleoprotein complexes are often required to generate higher-order structures. Here, we employed two prokaryotic site-specific recombination systems to investigate how chromatin packaging affects the assembly of nucleoprotein structures of different complexities at more than 30 genomic loci. The dynamic nature of chromatin permitted protein–DNA and DNA–DNA interactions for sites of at least 34 bp in length.

7p system191 01-06-2013 50 4   Download

Hypoxia interrupts the initiation of simian virus 40 (SV40) replication in vivo at a stage situated before unwinding of the origin region. After re-oxygenation, unwinding followed by a synchronous round of viral replication takes place. To further characterize the hypoxia-induced inhibition of unwinding, we analysed the binding of several replication proteins to the viral minichromosome before and after re-oxygenation.

11p research12 01-06-2013 41 4   Download

Chromatin is a highly dynamic structure that plays an essential role in regulating all nuclear processes that utilize the DNA template including DNA repair, replication, transcription and recombination. Thus, the mechanisms by which chromatin structures are assembled and modified are questions of broad interest. This minireview will focus on two groups of proteins: (a) histone chaperones and (b) ATPdependent chromatin remodeling machines, that co-operate to assemble DNA and histone proteins into chromatin....

7p research12 01-06-2013 32 4   Download

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-regulated, DNA-binding transcription factors that function in the chromatin environment of the nucleus to alter the expression of subsets of hormone-responsive genes. It is clear that chromatin, rather than being a passive player, has a profound effect on both transcriptional repression and activation mediated by NRs.

9p research12 01-06-2013 32 2   Download

Nuclear cloning is a procedure to create new animals by injecting somatic nuclei into unfertilized oocytes. Recent successes in mammalian cloning with differentiated adult nuclei strongly indicate that oocyte cytoplasm contains unidentified remarkable reprogramming activities with the capacity to erase the previous memory of cell differentiation. At the heart of this nuclear reprogramming lies chromatin remodeling as chromatin structure and function define cell differentiation through regulation of the transcriptional activities of the cells....

4p research12 01-06-2013 42 4   Download

The organization of DNA within eukaryotic cell nuclei poses special problems and opportunities for the cell. For example, assembly of DNA into chromatin is thought to be a principle mechanism by which adventitious general transcription is repressed. However, access to genomic DNA for events such as DNA repair must be facilitated by energy-intensive processes that either directly alter chromatin structure or impart post-translational modifications, leading to increased DNA accessibility.

6p research12 01-06-2013 36 4   Download

The centromere–kinetochore complex is a highly specialized chromatin domain that both mediates and monitors chromosome–spindle interactions responsible for accurate partitioning of sister chromatids to daughter cells. Centromeres are distinguished from adjacent chromatin by specific patterns of histone modification and the presence of a centromere-specific histone H3 variant (e.g. CENP-A). Centromere-proximal regions usually correspond to sites of avid and persistent sister chromatid cohesion mediated by the conserved cohesin complex.

15p research12 01-06-2013 49 4   Download

During the development of multicellular organisms, both transient and stable gene expression patterns have to be established in a precisely orchestrated sequence. Evidence from diverse model organisms indicates that this epigenetic program involves not only transcription factors, but also the local structure, composition, and modification of chromatin, which define and maintain the accessibility and transcriptional competence of the nucleosomal DNA template.

6p research12 01-06-2013 33 4   Download

To search for novel regulatory regions, we examined the features of chromatin structure in the rat B29/Ig-b gene and its flanking regions by determining DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS) in plasmacytoma-derived Y3 cells. Six Y3 cellspecific DHS were detected at )8.6, promoter, +0.7, +4.4, +6.0, and +8.7 kb. The DHS at +4.4, +6.0, and +8.7 kb were present in the intergenic region between B29/Ig-b and growth hormone (GH) genes and were mapped inside conserved sequences in rat and humans.

10p research12 01-06-2013 29 4   Download

The human replication protein Cdc6p is translocated from its chromatin sites to the cytoplasm during the replication phase (S phase) of the cell cycle. However, the amounts of Cdc6p on chromatin remain high during S phase implying either that displaced Cdc6p can rebind to chromatin, or that Cdc6p is synthesized de novo. We have performed metabolic labeling experiments and determined that [35S]methionine is incorporated into Cdc6p at similar rates during the G1 phase and the S phase of the cell cycle. Newly synthesized Cdc6p associates with chromatin....

7p research12 01-06-2013 39 3   Download

Binding of lamin B receptor (LBR) to chromatin was studied by means of an in vitro assay system involving recombinant fragments of human LBR and Xenopus sperm chromatin. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fused proteins including LBR fragments containing the N-terminal region (residues 1–53) and arginine-serine repeat-containing region (residues 54–89) bound to chromatin. The binding of GST-fusion proteins incorporating the N-terminal and arginine-serine repeat-containing regions to chromatin was suppressed by mild trypsinization of the chromatin and by pretreatment with a DNA solution....

11p research12 01-06-2013 29 4   Download

Pisum sativump16 is a protein present in the chromatin of ungerminated embryonic axes. The purification of p16 and the isolationof a cDNAclone ofpsp54, the gene encoding its precursor have been recently reported [Castillo, J., Rodrigo, M. I.,Ma´rquez, J. A., Zu´n˜iga, AandFranco, L. (2000)Eur. J.Biochem.267, 2156–2165]. In thepresentpaper,wepresent data showing that p16 is a nuclear protein.

8p research12 23-04-2013 34 2   Download

Protamine-like proteins constitute a group of sperm nuclear basic proteins that have been shown to be related to somatic linker histones (histone H1 family). Like protamines, they usually replace the chromatin somatic his-tone complement during spermiogenesis; hence their name. Several of these proteins have been characterized to date in invertebrate organisms, but information about their occurrence and characterization in vertebrates is still lacking.

14p tumor12 20-04-2013 40 2   Download