Disease mechanisms

In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer (PCa). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying its occurrence and development remain unclear, necessitating the identification of new therapeutic targets.

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the major tumor diseases that threaten men’s health globally, and biochemical recurrence significantly impacts its prognosis. Disulfidptosis, a recently discovered cell death mechanism triggered by intracellular disulfide accumulation leading to membrane rupture, is a new area of research in the context of PCa. Currently, its impact on PCa remains largely unexplored.

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This article gives an overview of the mechanism and the correlation between the intensity of physical activity and detailed blood lipids. Physical activity is still an important non-pharmacological treatment, even for people with disabilities, or with chronic diseases.

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In this paper, a miRNA-Disease association prediction model (called TP-MDA) based on tree path global feature extraction and fully connected artificial neural network (FANN) with multi-head self-attention mechanism is proposed.

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Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is one of the basic components of Astragali radix, that has been shown to have preventive effects against various diseases, including cancers. This study aimed to explore the role of AS-IV in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its underlying mechanism.

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High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of the blood cancer multiple myeloma (MM). MM is preceded by the asymptomatic stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) which are clinically managed by watchful waiting.

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A food allergy is an abnormal response of the body to a certain food. Food allergy is described as an increasing disease over time in the community expectly in children. Mechanism of food allergy is complicated such as due to IgE, non IgE and mix. Symptoms of an allergic reaction can vary in type and severity, and some may even be fatal. Allergic reactions may also differ from person-toperson and change over time.

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This volume reviews the current state of research concerning bacterial virulence factors and the infection biology of Helicobacter pylori, which is the leading cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer worldwide. The chapters include cutting-edge findings on this fascinating microbe and discuss the general strategies of H. pylori infection and persistence, news on important H. pylori virulence factors, crosstalk with the microbiota, hot novel models and signaling mechanisms, risk factors of gastric disease and stomach cancer, and the impact of H. pylori infection on non-gastric diseases.

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Prevention, diagnosis and treatment are the watchwords in stroke research, for basic neuroscientists and clinicians alike. This 2002 book, from the 22nd Princeton Conference on Cerebrovascular Disease, contains contributions from outstanding investigators on numerous topics in stroke research. The contents cover the status and future directions of stroke pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment, with special emphasis on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of ischaemic cell death and repair, and clinical issues including imaging, risk factors and therapeutic strategies in stroke.

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Ebook "Dyneins: Structure, biology and disease" offers research on fundamental cellular processes to researchers and clinicians across developmental biology, cell biology, molecular biology, biophysics, biomedicine, genetics and medicine. Broad-based up-to-date resource for the dynein class of molecular motors.

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Ebook "Current topics in innate immunity II" compiles the latest advances in this rapidly evolving field as presented by eminent scientists at the 7th International Aegean Conference on Innate Immunity in Rhodes, Greece. It includes topics related to the biology and function of Toll-like and other pattern-recognition receptors, complement and its crosstalk with other physiological systems, inflammatory mechanisms and diseases, natural killer cells, and the cooperative interplay between innate and adaptive immune cells.

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Ebook "The neuropilins: Role and function in health and disease" covers basic research topics such as the structure-function relationships of neuropilins and mechanisms of neuropilin-mediated signal transduction, details the most important roles of the neuropilins in developmental biology, and addresses their roles in various conditions such as cancer and various eye diseases.

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In ebook "Caveolins and caveolae: Roles in signaling and disease mechanisms" caveolae are 50-100 nm flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that are primarily composed of cholesterol and sphingolipids. Using modern electron microscopy techniques, caveolae can be observed as omega-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane, fully-invaginated caveolae, grape-like clusters of interconnected caveolae (caveosome), or as transcellular channels as a consequence of the fusion of individual caveolae.

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Ebook "Epigenetics in cardiac disease" describes important advances in our understanding of how environmental conditions affect cardiac gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. Further, it discusses the roles of chromatin modifications (in particular DNA methylation and histone modifications) and of chromatin regulators in the context of cardiac diseases. The book provides readers with an overview of our current understanding of epigenetic regulation in the heart, and will stimulate further research in this exciting field.

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In ebook "Developmental biology of neoplastic growth" tumour growth is perceived as a deviation from the normal development of the human organism. The molecular, cellular, and tissue determinants of different tumours are discussed showing that each is a different disease, often corresponding to a particular developmental stage. The natural history of several cancers illustrates how clinical incidence can be just the visible part of the iceberg, while the first changes at the tissue level sometimes occur several years before tumour growth becomes manifest.

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Ebook "Molecular biology of long non-coding RNAs" will consolidate these ideas and models to better examine the most important issues in lncRNA biology. This will include critical studies that have led to the discovery and annotation of lncRNAs in numerous species, and the molecular mechanisms for a few lncRNA that have begun to emerge.

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Ebook "Fungal biofilms and related infections: Advances in microbiology, infectious diseases and public health (Volume 3)" covers the latest data available to understand the mechanisms causing the formation of single species fungal biofilms or polymicrobial biofilms involving fungal species; specific chapters present hot topics such as resistance mechanisms and composition and role of the matrix. Moreover, it reviews updated data on biofilms that contain yeasts or filamentous fungi and develop in the human body or in water and may cause infections.

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Ebook "Early life origins of health and disease" is a new book which presents and discusses the many factors that may have impact on normal development. In a concise and readable manner, the authors consider both the proven and suggestive evidence that the high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and, in some populations, kidney disease, may not be all due to genetics or adult environment alone.

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Ebook "Cell biology of the axon" focus on endogenous cytoskeletal systems that structurally organize the axon, confer tensile strength, and mediate intracellular transport and growth cone motility. Specifically, Shea et al. address issues of how organizational dynamics of neurofilaments are regulated, including mechanisms of transport, and how dysregulation of transport can contribute to motor neuron disease.

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Ebook "A clinical guide to the treatment of the human stress response (Third edition)" emphasizes the unique contribution of this longstanding text in the integration of mind/body relationships. The concept of stress, as defined and elaborated in Chapter 1, the primary efferent biological mechanisms of the human stress response, as described in Chapter 2, and the link from stress arousal to disease, as defined in Chapter 3, essentially remains the same. However, updates in microanatomy, biochemistry and tomography are added to these chapters.

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