Economic of discrimination

(George Caleb Bingham, Stump Speaking, 1853–54) All rights reserved. ... will soon Free-market economics, of which the Austrian School is the preeminent exponent, asserts that every govern- ment intervention in the market generates conse- quences that are deleterious for prosperity and human liberty. However much such interventions may assist one group in the short run, everyone is made worse off in the long run. Government intervention destabilizes economic life in artifi- cial ways, and ultimately does not work to bring about the results that its proponents claim to desire....

470p ngocdung 19-06-2009 251 174   Download

(BQ) Part 2 book "Issues in economics today" has contents: Minimum wage, farm policy, the economics of crime, the economics of race and sex discrimination, the economics of crime, the economics of crime; natural resources, the environment, and climate change, international finance and exchange rates,...and other contents.

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There are many reasons for womenís lower earnings compared to men, including tenure in the labour force, occupational segregation, unionization and discrimination. Statistics Canada has found that 18% of the wage gap is explained by the fact that women generally have less work experience than their male counterparts, supervise other employees less often and are less frequently involved in administrative decisions. Roughly 7% of the gap is explained by the fact that women are more likely to work part time than men.

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Chapter 17 - Work and the labor market. In this chapter you will learn: Explain how the supply of labor is determined, explain how the demand for labor is determined, explain how wages are determined by both the supply and demand for labor in combination with social forces, contrast four types of discrimination that occur in labor markets.

17p whocare_b 06-09-2016 3 1   Download

The actual discrimination in the market place against a minority group depends on the combined discrimination of employers, workers, consum- ers, schools, and governments. The analysis shows that sometimes the environment greatly softens, while at other times it magnifies, the impact of a given amount of prejudice. For example, the discrepancy in wages be- tween equally productive blacks and whites, or women and men, would be much smaller than the degree of prejudice against blacks and women when many companies can efficiently specialize in employing mainly blacks or women....

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A novel theoretical development in recent years is the analysis of the consequences of stereotyped reasoning or statistical discrimination (see Phelps [1972], and Arrow [1973]). This analysis suggests that the beliefs of employers, teachers, and other influential groups that minority members are less productive can be self-fulfilling, for these beliefs may cause minor- ities to underinvest in education, training, and work skills, such as punctual- ity. The underinvestment does make them less productive (see a good recent analysis by Loury [1992])....

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Students with disabilities desiring to enroll in any program, service, or activity of Pepperdine University must be able to meet the minimal standards of both the University and the particular school, program, service, or activity to which admission is sought. The University does not engage in any affirmative action programs for students with disabilities nor does it consider a student’s disability in evaluating admission criteria. It is, of course, within the students’ discretion to inform the respective school’s Admission Committee of a disability if they wish.

48p bi_ve_sau 05-02-2013 22 3   Download

(BQ) Part 2 book "Contemporary labor economics" has contents: Mobility, migration, and efficiency; the economic impact of unions; the economic impact of unions bargaining; labor market discrimination; government and the labor market - legislation and regulation; the distribution of personal earnings,...and other contents.

359p bautroibinhyen22 22-03-2017 12 2   Download

This theory of the labor market, though widely accepted by economists, is only the beginning of the story. To understand the wide variation in earnings that we observe, we must go beyond this general framework and examine more precisely what determines the supply and demand for different types of labor. That is our goal in this chapter.

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The topics discussed in chapter 12 are discrimination and male-female earning differentials. The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: Wages differences between men and women, methods of measuring discrimination, discrimination against women, effective policies.

17p tangtuy04 16-03-2016 4 1   Download

Chapter 20 - Income inequality, poverty, and discrimination. In this chapter, you will learn to: Income inequality in the U.S, sources of income inequality, income inequality since 1970, economic arguments regarding income inequality, poverty measurement and incidence, the U.S. income-maintenance program, labor market discrimination.

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Chapter 14 - Monopoly and monopolistic competition. After reading this chapter, you should be able to: Summarize how and why the decisions facing a monopolist differ from the collective decisions of competing firms; determine a monopolist's price, output, and profit graphically and numerically; show graphically the welfare loss from monopoly; explain why there would be no monopoly without barriers to entry.

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Chapter 8 - Pure monopoly. This chapter is divided into six basic sections: the characteristics of pure monopoly, the barriers to entry that create and protect monopolies, price and output determination under monopoly, the economic effects of monopoly, price discrimination under monopoly, and the regulation of monopolies.

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Chapter 14 - Advanced pricing techniques. In this chapter we have looked at a lot of special situations for which pricing decisions are more complicated than for the simple firm that we studied in the first four parts of this text. We showed you why uniform pricing does not maximize the total revenue a pricesetting firm can collect from consumers.

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(BQ) Part 2 book "Economics principles and policy" has contents: Pricing the factors of production; poverty, inequality, and discrimination; an introduction to macroeconomics; aggregate demand and the powerful consumer; money and the banking system; budget deficits in the short and long run,...and other contents.

435p bautroibinhyen23 02-04-2017 5 1   Download

Chapter 20 explores the causes of income inequality, its measurement, and means by which government redistributes income to reduce poverty. The Lorenz Curve (numerically, a Gini ratio) illustrates the degree of income inequality in a country. Income inequality is caused by differences in ability, education and training, discrimination, preferences and willingness to take risks, wealth, market power, luck, connections, and misfortune.

19p hihihaha4 16-12-2016 4 0   Download

The technique can be applied for chlorophyll level monitoring in basic photosynthesis research, agriculture, horticulture, and forestry. Abiotic stress (water deficit, salinity, heat, heavy metals soil contamination, intense light, etc) affects significantly crop growth and yield in agricultural areas all over the world. Thus, it is imperative to study their effect upon the crops and discriminate among abiotic stresses using new noninvasive and nondestructive remote sensing precision diagnostic techniques.

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In order to deal with the many challenges in Northern Uganda, such as poverty and discrimination against women, AWARE utilizes several strategies to empower women. The encourage women to be part of a rotating loan scheme as they have found that rotating loans and subsequent economic empowerment enhance women’s decision-making power in the household. AWARE also holds dialogues with Local Councils to encourage the council to give women land, and to take other measures to reduce discrimination against women.

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In support of the government's efforts and policies, the World Bank has prepared this Country Gender Assessment to identify critical areas in which gender-responsive actions are likely to enhance growth, poverty reduction and human well-being. The extent of gender discrimination in Afghanistan is pervasive, and the present report focuses on a few key sectors deemed particularly important for both short and long-term reconstruction. Gender gaps in Afghanistan are widespread in health, in education, in economic opportunities and in power and political voice.

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The root causes of the alarming health indicators in Afghanistan are poverty and the two decades of warfare that stalled economic and social progress and led to destruction of livelihoods and high levels of disability.

147p le_minh_nha 18-12-2012 36 6   Download