Epigenetics

Epigenetic defects (gain or loss of DNA methylation) of the human ICR1 11p15 domain result in two opposite foetal growth disorders (BWS and SRS) depending on which parental allele is affected. A few deletions within ICR1 have been reported in familial BWS cases with ICR1 gain of methylation, however the mechanism(s) of the DNA methylation defects at ICR1 remains largely unknown in most BWS and SRS patients.

83p runthenight07 01-03-2023 9 3   Download

Master's thesis of Science "Investigation into the modulation of circadian clock proteins by dietary compounds and small molecules" is structured as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Identification of novel bioactive compounds from Olea europaea by evaluation of chemical compounds in the OliveNetTM library: in silico bioactivity and molecular modelling, and in vitro validation of hERG activity; Chapter 3 Modulation of circadian core clock proteins by dietary compounds; Chapter 4 Molecular mechanisms of action of selected olive phenolics against epigenetic modifiers and the structur...

235p runthenight04 02-02-2023 5 3   Download

Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial transcription factor that regulates the expression of defensive antioxidants and detoxification enzymes in cells. In a previous study, we showed that expression of the Nrf2 gene is regulated by an epigenetic modification. Rauvolfia verticillata, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely used in China, possesses anticancer and antioxidant effects. In this study, we investigated how Nrf2 is epigenetically regulated by reserpine, the main active component in R. verticillata, in mouse skin epidermal JB6 P+ cells.

11p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 16 2   Download

During the development of multicellular organisms, both transient and stable gene expression patterns have to be established in a precisely orchestrated sequence. Evidence from diverse model organisms indicates that this epigenetic program involves not only transcription factors, but also the local structure, composition, and modification of chromatin, which define and maintain the accessibility and transcriptional competence of the nucleosomal DNA template.

6p research12 01-06-2013 33 4   Download

In eukaryotes, CpG methylation is an epigenetic DNA modification that is important for heterochromatin formation. Centromere protein B (CENP-B) specifically binds to the centromeric 17 base-pair CENP-B box DNA, which contains two CpG dinucleotides. In this study, we tested complex formation by the DNA-binding domain of CENP-B with methylated and unmethylated CENP-B box DNAs, and found that CENP-B preferentially binds to the unmethylated CENP-B box DNA.

8p awards 05-04-2013 30 5   Download

During DNA replication, transcription and DNA repair in eukaryotes, the cellular machineries performing these tasks need to gain access to the DNA that is packaged into chromatin in the nucleus.Chromatin is a dynamic structure thatmodulates the access of regulatory factors to the genetic material.A precise coordination and organization of events in opening and closing of the chromatin is crucial to ensure that the correct spatial and temporal epigenetic code is maintained within the eukaryotic genome....

15p dell39 03-04-2013 42 4   Download

Epigenetic mechanisms control eukaryotic development beyond DNA-stored information. There are several pathways, including histone tail mod-ifications, histone variant incorporation, nucleosome remodelling, DNA methylation and noncoding RNAs that together all contribute to the dynamic ‘make-up’ of chromatin under distinct developmental options.

15p inspiron33 25-03-2013 39 4   Download

The folding of eukaryotic DNA into the 30 nm fibre comprises the first level of transcriptionally dormant chromatin. Understanding its structure and the processes of its folding and unfolding is a prerequisite for under-standing the epigenetic regulation in cell differentiation.

11p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 36 5   Download

During mammalian development, it is essential that the proper epigenetic state is established across the entire genome in each differentiated cell. To date, little is known about the mechanism for establishing epigenetic modi-fications of individual genes during the course of cellular differentiation.

7p media19 06-03-2013 35 3   Download

Epigenetics refers to heritable phenotypic alterations in the absence of DNA sequence changes, and DNA methylation is one of the extensively studied epigenetic alterations. DNA methylation is an evolutionally con-served mechanism to regulate gene expression in mammals.

7p media19 06-03-2013 34 2   Download

Restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) is a powerful method for the systematic detection of genetic mutations in DNA length and epigenetic alteration due to DNA methylation. However, the identification of poly-morphic spots is difficult because the resulting RLGS spots contain very little target DNA and many non-labeled DNA fragments.

9p media19 06-03-2013 34 2   Download

Ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) belongs to the family of deubiquitinat-ing enzymes. Among other functions, USP7 is involved in the regulation of stress response pathways, epigenetic silencing and the progress of infections by DNA viruses.

15p media19 04-03-2013 40 3   Download

Histone acetylation plays an integral role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Transcriptional activity reflects the recruitment of oppo-sing classes of enzymes to promoter elements; histone acetyltransferases (EC 2.3.1.48) that deposit acetyl marks at a subset of histone residues and histone deacetylases that remove them.

13p vinaphone15 28-02-2013 33 3   Download

Receptors should be properly analysed in view of the microenvironment in which they are embedded. Therefore, the concept of ‘receptosome’ was for-mulated to the complex interactions taking place between receptors and other proteins at the plasma membrane level, and to explain very heteroge-neous or divergent cellular responses to common epigenetic factors and modifications to the extracellular environment.

12p vinaphone15 27-02-2013 42 2   Download

The transcription factor ZBP-89 has been implicated in the induction of growth arrest and apoptosis. In this article, we demonstrate that ZBP-89 was able to restrain senescence in NCI-H460 human lung cancer cells, through epigenetically regulating p16 INK4a expression.

10p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 35 2   Download

In recent years, a considerable amount of research has been focused on estab-lishing the epigenetic mechanisms associated with DNA and the core histones. This effort is driven by the fact that epigenetics is intimately involved with genomics in a whole range of molecular processes. However, there is now a consensus that the epigenetics of the linker histones are just as important.

13p viettel02 22-02-2013 45 5   Download

Mixed lineage leukemias (MLLs) are histone-methylating enzymes with critical roles in gene expression, epigenetics and cancer. Although MLLs are important gene regulators little is known about their own regulation. Herein, to understand the effects of toxic stress onMLLgene regulation, we treated human cells with a common food contaminant mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON).

9p viettel02 22-02-2013 33 3   Download

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a plethora of important biological processes, from embryonic development to homeostasis in adult tissues. Recently, miRNAs have emerged as a class of epigenetic regulators of metabolism and energy homeostasis.

11p viettel02 22-02-2013 34 3   Download

Mixed lineage leukemias(MLLs) are an evolutionarily conserved trithorax family of human genes that play critical roles in HOXgene regulation and embryonic development.MLL1is well known to be rearranged in myeloid and lymphoid leukemias in children and adults. There are several MLL family proteins such as MLL1, MLL2, MLL3, MLL4, MLL5, Set1A and Set1B, and each possesses histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4)-specific methyltrans-ferase activity and has critical roles in gene activation and epigenetics.

15p mobifone23 21-01-2013 46 4   Download

RNA silencing is an epigenetic inhibition of gene expression and is guided by small interfering RNAs. Sense transgene-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing (S-PTGS) occurs in a portion of a transgenic plant popula-tion. When a sense transgene encoding a tobacco endoplasmic reticulum x-3 fatty acid desaturase (NtFAD3) was introduced into tobacco plants, an S-PTGS line, S44, was obtained.

9p mobifone23 18-01-2013 45 3   Download