Human pathogens

Study on the antagonistic activity against two pathogenic bacteria in humans (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) of the Streptomyces MIP_L26 (Called MIP_L26), isolated from the soil in the root zone of the May Chang tree; to investigate the biological characteristics of MIP_L26.

6p vipanly 28-10-2024 0 0   Download

Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) is an important edible pulse crop. It is an important source of protein for human diet, plays a vital role as a rotational crop and enhances soil fertility. Sclerotium rolfsii causing collar rot disease on lentil crop is an important polyphagous pathogenic fungus causing substantial losses in quality and productivity (Punja and Grogan, 1988).

5p trinhthamhodang11 27-04-2021 9 3   Download

The objective of the present investigation was to isolate and identify the antimicrobial activity showing actinomycetes associated with sponges. Sponges such as Acanthella klethra, Theonella cylendrica, Helicona sp., Auletta sp., and Callyspongia sp. were collected at Sangumal, in Rameswaram island, Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. Isolates of 22 actinomycetes were isolated from sponges. Isolates No. 16 showed high antibacterial and antifungal activity and the isolate was identified as Streptomyces sp.

8p cothumenhmong5 17-05-2020 13 1   Download

The Nipah and Hendra viruses are highly pathogenic paramyxoviruses that recently emerged from flying foxes to cause serious disease outbreaks in humans and livestock in Australia, Malaysia, Singapore and Bangladesh. Their unique genetic constitution, high virulence and wide host range set them apart from other paramyxoviruses. These characteristics have led to their classification into the new genus Henpaviruswithin the family Para-myxoviridae and to their designation as Biosafety Level 4 pathogens. ...

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 32 1   Download

Intrinsic factor (IF) is the gastric protein that promotes the intestinal uptake of vitamin B12 . Gastric IF from animal sources is used in diagnostic tests and in vitamin pills. However, administration of animal IF to humans becomes disadvantageous because of possible pathogenic transmis-sion and contamination by other B12binders. We tested the use of recombinant plants for large-scale production of pathogen-free human recombinant IF. Human IF was successfully expressed in the recombinant plantArabidopsis thaliana....

6p tumor12 20-04-2013 37 3   Download

Several microbial pathogens have been reported to interact with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on cell surfaces and in the extracellularmatrix. Herewe demonstrate thatM protein, a major surface-expressed virulence factor of the human bac-terial pathogen, Streptococcus pyogenes, mediates binding to various forms of GAGs. Hence, S. pyogenesstrains expressing a large number of different types of M proteins bound to dermatan sulfate (DS), highly sulfated fractions of heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin, whereas strains deficient in M protein surface expression failed to interact with these GAGs. ...

9p fptmusic 16-04-2013 44 6   Download

Host species specificity of the polyomaviruses simian virus 40 (SV40) and mouse polyomavirus (PyV) has been shown to be determined by the host DNA polymerase a-primase complex involved in the initiation of both viral and host DNA replication. Here we demonstrate that DNA repli-cation of the related human pathogenic polyomavirus JC virus (JCV) can be supportedin vitro by DNA polymerase a-primase of either human or murine origin indicating that the mechanism of its strict species specificity differs from that of SV40 and PyV.

8p fptmusic 16-04-2013 41 3   Download

Catalytic antibodies capable of digesting crucial proteins of pathogenic bac-teria have long been sought for potential therapeutic use. Helicobacter pyloriurease plays a crucial role for the survival of this bacterium in the highly acidic conditions of human stomach. The HpU-9 monoclonal anti-body (mAb) raised againstH. pyloriurease recognized thea-subunit of the urease, but only slightly recognized theb-subunit. However, when isolated both the light and the heavy chains of this antibody were mostly bound to the b-subunit....

9p fptmusic 11-04-2013 45 3   Download

Methylcitrate synthase is a key enzyme of the methylcitrate cycle and required for fungal propionate degradation. Propionate not only serves as a carbon source, but also acts as a food preservative (E280–283) and pos-sesses a negative effect on polyketide synthesis. To investigate propionate metabolism from the opportunistic human pathogenic fungusAspergillus fumigatus, methylcitrate synthase was purified to homogeneity and charac-terized.

16p fptmusic 11-04-2013 24 3   Download

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are fatal neuro-degenerative diseases of humans and animals. The underlying infectious agent, the prion, accumulates not only in the central ner-vous system (CNS) but also in secondary lymphoid organs. I will revisit the role of the immune system in peripheral prion pathogen-esis, while focusing on the mechanisms by which extraneural and extralymphatic prion infectivity develops.

64p fptmusic 11-04-2013 36 4   Download

X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidases (X-PDAP) are enzymes catalysing the release of dipeptides from the amino termini of polypeptides containing a proline or an alanine at the penultimate position. Involved in various mam-malian regulation processes, as well as in chronic human diseases, they have been proposed to play a role in pathogenicity forStreptococci.

10p awards 06-04-2013 34 4   Download

Prion diseases are characterized by the accumulation of a pathogenic mis-folded form of a prion protein (PrP) encoded by the Prnpgene in humans. In the present study in zebrafish, two transcripts and the corresponding genes encoding prion proteins, PrP1 and PrP2, related to human PrP have been characterized with a relatively divergent deduced amino acid sequence, but a well preserved overall organization of structural prion pro-tein motifs.

14p awards 05-04-2013 39 2   Download

Gas1p is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored plasma membrane glycoprotein ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand is a representative of Family GH72 of glycosidases/transgly-cosidases, which also includes proteins from human fungal pathogens. Gas1p, Phr1-2p from Candida albicansand Gel1p fromAspergillus fumigatushave been shown to be b-(1,3)-glucanosyltransferases required for proper cell wall assembly andmorphogenesis. Gas1p is organized into three modules: a catalytic domain; a cys-richdomain; andahighly O-glycosylated serine-rich region. ...

11p awards 05-04-2013 47 4   Download

The urea cycle enzyme arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) hydrolyzes L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea. Mammalian arginases require manganese, have a highly alkaline pH optimum and are resistant to reducing agents. The gastric human pathogen,Helicobacter pylori, also has a complete urea cycle and contains therocFgene encoding arginase (RocF), which is involved in the pathogenesis ofH. pyloriinfection. Its arginase is specifically involved in acid resistance and inhibits host nitric oxide production.

11p dell39 03-04-2013 50 5   Download

Homocysteine (Hcy) is anonprotein-forming sulphur amino acid that plays an important role in remethylation and trans-sulphuration processes. In recent years, it has been suggested that increased levels of plasma Hcy may play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, particularly at the cardiovascular level. The pathogenic mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia, however, has not been clarified.

6p dell39 03-04-2013 54 3   Download

The presenilin proteins are required for intramembrane cleavage of a subset of type 1 membrane proteins including the Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein. Previous studies indicate presenilin proteins form enzymatically act-ive high molecular mass complexes consisting of hetero-dimers of N- and C-terminal fragments in association with nicastrin, presenilin enhancer-2 and anterior pharynx defective-1 proteins.

11p dell39 03-04-2013 34 4   Download

Aryl acid adenylation domains are the initial enzymes for aryl-capping of catecholic siderophores in a plethora of microorganisms. In order to over-come the problem of iron acquisition in host organisms, siderophore bio-synthesis is decisive for virulence development in numerous important human and animal pathogens.

11p dell39 27-03-2013 28 3   Download

Reliable detection and identification of pathogens in complex biological samples, in the presence of contaminating DNA from a variety of sources, is an important and challenging diagnostic problem for the development of field tests. The problem is compounded by the difficulty of finding a single, unique genomic sequence that is present simultaneously in all genomes of a species of closely related pathogens and absent in the genomes of the host or the organisms that contribute to the sample background. ...

11p dell39 27-03-2013 35 4   Download

Cyclic-nucleotide-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are key players in the intracellular signaling pathways of the important human pathogen Trypano-soma cruzi. We report herein the identification of an unusual PDE from this protozoal organism. This enzyme, TcrPDEC, is a member of the class I PDEs, as determined from the presence of a characteristic signature sequence and from the conservation of a number of functionally important amino acid residues within its catalytic domain.

11p dell39 27-03-2013 40 2   Download

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel found in muscles and neurons. Muscle AChR, formed by five homologous subunits (a2bcdora2bce), is the major antigen in the autoimmune disease, myasthenia gravis (MG), in which pathogenic autoantibodies bind to, and inactivate, the AChR.

12p inspiron33 25-03-2013 40 2   Download