NADPH oxidase

This thesis documents a research program in which Australian grown Danshen extracts and related bioactive compounds have been demonstrated to be effective in scavenging free radicals, namely ROS generation, in a cell free system and NADPH oxidase derived superoxide (O2-) generation in vascular tissue (rat aorta). Danshen extracts, both aqueous and ethanol, and their active compounds (Tanshinone IIA, Salvianolic Acid B and Danshensu) demonstrated anti-oxidant activity however findings exhibited stronger activity in a cell free system than in the aortic vascular tissue.

138p runthenight07 01-03-2023 11 3   Download

In a previous study, the S100A8/A9 protein, a Ca2+- and arachidonic acid-binding protein, abundant in neutrophil cytosol, was found to potentiate the activation of the redox component of the O2– generating oxidase in neutrophils, namely the membrane-bound flavocytochrome b, by the cytosolic phox proteins p67phox, p47phox and Rac ` (Doussiere J., Bouzidi F. and Vignais P.V. (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 285, 1317–1320). This led us to check by immunoprecipitation and protein fractionation whether the cytosolic phox proteins could bind to S100A8/A9.

10p system191 01-06-2013 30 4   Download

In the O2– generating flavocytochrome b, the membranebound component of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, electrons are transported from NADPH to O2 in the following sequence: NADPH fi FAD fi heme b fi O2. Although p-iodonitrotetrazolium (INT) has frequently been used as a probe of the diaphorase activity of the neutrophil flavocytochrome b, the propensity of its radical to interact reversibly with O2 led us to question its specificity. This study was undertaken to reexamine the interaction of INT with the redox components of the neutrophil flavocytochrome b. ...

10p research12 01-06-2013 42 3   Download

H2O2 generation is a limiting step in thyroid hormone bio-synthesis. Biochemical studies have confirmed that H2O2is generated by a thyroid Ca 2+ /NADPH-dependent oxidase. Decreased H2O2 availability may be another mechanism of inhibition of thyroperoxidase activity produced by thio-ureylene compounds, as propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MMI) are antioxidant agents. Therefore, we analyzed whether PTU or MMI could scavenge H2O2or inhibit thyroidNADPHoxidase activityin vitro.

6p fptmusic 16-04-2013 48 3   Download

We have cloned NADH oxidase homologues fromPyrococcus horikoshii and P. furiosus, and purified the recombinant form of the P. horikoshii enzyme to homogeneity from Escherichia coli. Both enzymes (previously referred to as NOX2) have been shown to act as a coenzyme A disulfide reductases (CoADR: CoA-S-S-CoA + NAD(P)H + H +fi2CoA-SH + NAD(P) + ). The P. horikoshiienzyme shows a kcat app of 7.2 s )1 with NADPH at 75
C.

0p awards 06-04-2013 39 4   Download

Activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1 requires both the organizer protein Noxo1 and the activator protein Noxa1. Here we describe an alternative splicing form of Noxo1, Noxo1c, which is expressed in the testis and fetal brain.

15p inspiron33 25-03-2013 33 2   Download

The staphylococcal enterotoxins produced byStaphylococcus aureusare associated with pyrogenic response in humans and primates. This study investigates the role of NADPH oxidase and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-jB) on enterotoxin staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1)-induced pyrogenic cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

13p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 53 4   Download

Reactive oxygen species are generated by various biological systems, including NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidoreductase, and mitochondrial respiratory enzymes, and contribute to many physiological and pathologi-cal phenomena.

12p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 44 5   Download

NADPH oxidases of the Nox family exist in various supergroups of eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes, and play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes, such as host defense, signal transduction, and hor-mone synthesis.

29p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 46 7   Download

NADPH oxidase is a major source of the superoxide produced in cardio-vascular tissues. Expression of NOX1, a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxi-dase, is induced by various vasoactive factors, including angiotensin II, prostaglandin (PG) F2a and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). To clarify the molecular basis of this transcriptional activation, we delineated the promoter region of the NOX1gene.

9p media19 04-03-2013 39 3   Download

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were shown to mediate aberrant contractility in hypertension, yet the physiological roles of ROS in vascular smooth muscle contraction have remained elusive. This study aimed to examine whether ROS regulate a1-adrenoceptor-activated contraction by altering myosin phosphatase activities. Methods: Using endothelium-denuded rat tail artery (RTA) strips, effects of anti-oxidants on isometric force, ROS production, phosphorylation of the 20-kDa myosin light chain (MLC20), and myosin phosphatase stimulated by a1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine were examined.

10p toshiba23 18-11-2011 53 2   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: A case-control study of rheumatoid arthritis identifies an associated single nucleotide polymorphism in the NCF4 gene, supporting a role for the NADPH-oxidase complex in autoimmunity...

11p thulanh13 15-10-2011 47 3   Download

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: NADPH-oxidase-driven oxygen radical production determines chondrocyte death and partly regulates metalloproteinase-mediated cartilage matrix degradation during interferon-γ-stimulated immune complex arthritis...

11p thulanh12 13-10-2011 35 3   Download