Oxidative stress

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized as a major health problem worldwide. Objectives: (1) To evaluate the malondialdehyde concentration and kynurenine and tryptophan ratio for differences between CKD patients and healthy controls. (2) To analyze the relationship and correlation between these biomarker indexes and some risk factors of CKD.

7p vihatake 06-01-2025 0 0   Download

A Total 8 semen sample from four healthy Gir breeding bulls were collected at weekly interval for two weeks period using of artificial vagina method for evaluation of semen biochemical attributes at various stages of cryopreservation of Gir bull semen. The overall mean values for oxidative stress parameters viz. lipid peroxidation and glutathione reductase were 51.14 ± 0.18 μmol/ml and 32.24 ± 0.64 U/L, respectively in neat semen samples.

7p nguaconbaynhay5 16-05-2020 16 0   Download

Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial transcription factor that regulates the expression of defensive antioxidants and detoxification enzymes in cells. In a previous study, we showed that expression of the Nrf2 gene is regulated by an epigenetic modification. Rauvolfia verticillata, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely used in China, possesses anticancer and antioxidant effects. In this study, we investigated how Nrf2 is epigenetically regulated by reserpine, the main active component in R. verticillata, in mouse skin epidermal JB6 P+ cells.

11p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 17 2   Download

Regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins were originally identified as negative regulators of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling via their GTPase-accelerating protein (GAP) activity. All RGS proteins contain evolutionarily conserved RGS domain; however, they differ in their size and regulatory domains. RGS1 and RGS10 are smaller than other RGS proteins, and their functions involve various inflammatory responses including autoimmune responses in both the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). Neuroinflammation is the chronic inflammatory response in the CNS.

5p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 29 2   Download

The signaling properties of the gasotransmitter molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is endogenously generated in plant cells, are mainly observed during persulfidation, a protein post-translational modification (PTM) that affects redox-sensitive cysteine residues. There is growing experimental evidence that H2S in higher plants may function as a mechanism of response to environmental stress conditions.

7p partimesinhvien 08-05-2020 31 0   Download

An unconventional phospholipase D (PLD) activity was identified recently in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is Ca2+-dependent, preferentially hydrolyses phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) and phosphatidylserine and does not catalyse a transphosphatidylation with primary short-chain alcohols. We have characterized the cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of the yeast PtdEtn-PLD and examined the regulation of its activity under certain growth, nutritional and stress conditions. Both forms of PtdEtn-PLD activity were similarly activated by Ca2+ ions in a biphasic manner.

10p system191 01-06-2013 36 4   Download

Mitochondrial functional and structural impairment and generation of oxidative stress have been implicated in aging, various diseases and chemotherapies. This study analyzed azidothymidine (AZT)-caused failures in mitochondrial functions, in redox regulation and activation of the HIV-1 gene expression. We monitored intracellular concentrations of ATP and glutathione (GSH) as the indicators of energy production and redox conditions, respectively, during the time-course experiments with U937 and MOLT4 human lymphoid cells in the presence of AZT (0.05 mgÆmL)1) or H2O2 (0.01 mM) for 15–25 days.

7p system191 01-06-2013 43 3   Download

The ÔMediterraneanÕ variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is due to the C563CT point mutation, leading to replacement of Ser with Phe at position 188, resulting in acute haemolysis triggered by oxidants. Previous work has shown increased formation of altered aspartate residues in membrane proteins during cell ageing and in response to oxidative stress in normal erythrocytes. These abnormal residues are specifically recognized by the repair enzyme L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) protein O-methyltransferase (PCMT; EC 2.1.1.77). ...

8p research12 01-06-2013 39 4   Download

Oviparously developing embryos of the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana, synthesize abundant quantities of a small heat shock/a-crystallin protein, termed p26. Wild-type p26 functions as a molecular chaperone in vitro and is thought to help encysted Artemia embryos survive severe physiological stress encountered during diapause and anoxia. Full-length and truncated p26 cDNA derivatives were generated by PCR amplification of p26-3-6-3, then cloned in either pET21(+) or pRSETC and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)....

10p research12 01-06-2013 58 5   Download

Here we show, for the ®rst time, thein vitro formation of ®lamentous aggregates of phosphorylated tau protein in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. The formation of suchaberrant aggregates, similar to thoseoccurringinvivoin Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies, requires okadaic acid, a phosphatase inhibitor, to increase the level of phos-phorylated tau, and hydroxynonenal, a product of oxidative stress that selectively adducts and modi®es phosphorylated tau.

6p research12 29-04-2013 31 2   Download

ThenblAfamily of genes encodes for small proteins neces-sary for the ordered degradation of phycobilisomes under certain stress conditions, a process known as chlorosis. Genes homologous tonblAseem to occur in all phycobili-some-containingorganisms.However, todate, nomolecular mechanism is known for the action of NblA, nor have the gene products been characterized to understand the physical properties of the molecule and thus help elucidate the mechanism on a structural basis.

8p research12 23-04-2013 47 4   Download

Hsp105aisoneof themajormammalianheat shockproteins that belongs to the HSP105/110 family, and is expressed at especially high levels in the brain as compared with other tissues in mammals. Previously, we showed that Hsp105a prevents stress-induced apoptosis in neuronal PC12 cells, and is a novel anti-apoptotic neuroprotective factor in the mammalian brain.

9p research12 23-04-2013 42 1   Download

Double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), a serine/threonine kinase, is activated in virus-infected cells and acts as an antiviral machinery of type I interferons. PKR controls several stress response pathways induced by double-stranded RNA, tumor necrosis factor-aor lipo-polysaccharide, which result in the activation of stress-acti-vated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2 -terminal kinase and p38 of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family.

7p tumor12 22-04-2013 47 3   Download

Plant lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a class of dioxygenases which display diverse functions in several physiological processes such as growth, development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses.Even though LOXs have been characterized from several plant species, the physiological role of seed LOXs is still unclear.With the aim to better clarify the occurrence of LOXs and their influence on hazelnut seed quality, we carried out the biochemical and molecular characterization of the main LOX isoforms expressed during seed development....

11p tumor12 20-04-2013 34 4   Download

Exposure of mammalian cells to oxidant stress causes early (iron catalysed) lysosomal rupture followed by apoptosis or necrosis. Enhanced intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), presumably of mitochondrial origin, is also observed when cells are exposed to nonoxidant pro-apoptotic agonists of cell death. We hypothesized that ROS generation in this latter case might promote the apoptotic cascade and could arise from effects of released lysosomal materials on mitochondria.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 1   Download

Intravenous iron, used for the treatment of anemia in chronic renal failure andother diseases, represents a possible source of free iron in tissue cells, particularly in the liver. In this study we examined the effect of different sources of intravenous iron (IVI) on the labile iron pool (LIP) which represents the nonferritin-bound, redox-active iron that is implicated in oxidative stress and cell injury. Furthermore, we examined the role of the LIP for the synthesis of ferritin.

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 49 4   Download

The ability of yeasts to grow in the presence of weak organic acid preservatives is an important cause of food spoilage. Many of the determinants of acetate resistance inSac-charomyces cerevisiae differ from the determinants of resistance to the more lipophilic sorbate and benzoate. Interestingly,we show in this study that hypersensitivity to both acetate and sorbate results when the cells have auxo-trophic requirements for aromatic amino acids.

7p tumor12 20-04-2013 51 4   Download

The physiological role of a bifunctional enzyme, 3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase (DCH), which is capable of both hydrolysis of ester bonds and organic acid-assisted bromination of organic compounds, was investigated. Purified DCH fromAcinetobacter calcoaceticusF46 cata-lysed dose- and time-dependent degradation of peracetic acid. The gene (dch) was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of the bacterium.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 37 3   Download

HR12 is anovel farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI).Wehave shown previously that HR12 induces phenotypic reversion of H-ras V12 -transformed Rat1 (Rat1/ras) fibroblasts. This reversion was characterized by formation of cell–cell con-tacts, focal adhesions and stress fibers. Here we show that HR12 inhibits anchorage independent and dependent growth of Rat1/ras cells. HR12 also suppresses motility and proliferation of Rat1/ras cells, in a wound healing assay. Rat1 fibroblasts transformed with myristoylated H-ras V12 (Rat1/myr-ras) were resistant to HR12....

14p fptmusic 16-04-2013 38 2   Download

a-Crystallin, a molecular chaperone and lens structural protein protects soluble enzymes against heat-induced aggregation and inactivation by a variety of molecules. In this study we investigated the chaperone function ofa-crys-tallininamorephysiological systeminwhicha-crystallinwas incorporated into red cell
ghosts. Its ability to protect the intrinsic membrane protein Na/K-ATPase from external stresses was studied. Red cell ghosts were created by lysing the red cells and removing cytoplasmic contents by size-exclusion chromatography. ...

7p fptmusic 16-04-2013 49 2   Download