Semantics of Predicate Logic

Part 2 of ebook "Guide to discrete mathematics: An accessible introduction to the history, theory, logic and applications" provides readers with contents including: Chapter 10 - Cryptography; Chapter 11 - Coding theory; Chapter 12 - Language theory and semantics; Chapter 13 - Computability and decidability; Chapter 14 - A short history of logic; Chapter 15 - Propositional and predicate logic; Chapter 16 - Advanced topics in logic; Chapter 17 - Software engineering mathematics; Chapter 18 - Formal methods; Chapter 19 - Z formal specification language; Chapter 20 - Probability, statistics and...

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Lecture "Artificial intelligence - Lesson 7: First - order logic" presents the following contents: why FOL? syntax and semantics of FOL; using FOL; wumpus world in FOL; knowledge engineering in FOL;... We invite you to take a look at the content of the lecture.

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Chapter 8: First-order logic. The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: First-order logic: objects and relations are semantic primitives; syntax: constants, functions, predicates, equality, quantifiers; Increased expressive power: sufficient to define wumpus world; Situation calculus: conventions for describing actions and change in FOL; situation calculus: can formulate planning as inference on a situation calculus KB.

6p cucngoainhan0 10-05-2022 16 2   Download

Lecture Artificial Intelligence - Chapter 8: First-order logic. The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: First-order logic: objects and relations are semantic primitives; syntax: constants, functions, predicates, equality, quantifiers; Increased expressive power: sufficient to define wumpus world; Situation calculus: conventions for describing actions and change in FOL; situation calculus: can formulate planning as inference on a situation calculus KB.

32p cucngoainhan0 10-05-2022 22 3   Download

Lecture Discrete Structures for Computing - Chapter 1b: Predicate Logic present the content: predicate logic - motivation, syntax, proof theory; semantics of predicate logic; soundness and completeness of predicate logic; undecidability of predicate logic,...

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Now that we have learned the basics of syntax of predicate logic, we can have a look at the semantics. This is brought about by a relational structure M, which realizes (or instantiates) the symbols of our language. Moreover M tells us which formulas are valid.

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The strategy for natural language interpretation presented in this paper implements the dynamics of context change by translating natural language texts into a meaning representation language consisting of (descriptions of) programs, in the spirit of dynamic predicate logic (DPL) [5]. The difference with DPL is that the usual DPL semantics is replaced by an error state semantics [2]. This allows for the treatment of unbound anaphors, as in DPL, but also of presuppositions and presupposition projection. ...

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We propose a semantics for locative expressions such as near Jones or west of Denver, an important subsystem for NLP applications. Locative expressions denote regions of space, and serve as arguments to predicates, locating objects and events spatially. Since simple locatives occupy argument positions, they do NOT participate in scope ambiguities m pace one common view, which sees locatives as logical operators.

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Theodes of semantic interpretation which wish to capture as many generalizations as possible must face up to the manifoldly ambiguous and contextually dependent nature of word meaning? In this paper I present a two-level scheme of semantic interpretation in which the first level deals with the semantic consequences of'syntactic structure and the second with the choice of word meaning.

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This paper describes a compositional semantics for temporal expressions as part of the meaning representation language (MRL) of the JANUS system, a natural language understanding and generation system under joint development by BBN Laboratoires and the Information Sciences Institute. 1 The analysis is based on a higher order intansional logic described in detail in Hinrichs, Ayuso and Scha (1987). Temporal expressions of English are translated into this language as quantifiers over times which bind temporal indices on predicates.

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Ever since Woods's "What's in a Link" paper, there has been a growing concern for formalization in the study of knowledge representation. Several arguments have been made that frame representation languages and semantic-network languages are syntactic variants of the ftrst-order predicate calculus (FOPC). The typical argument proceeds by showing how any given frame or network representation can be mapped to a logically isomorphic FOPC representation.

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