Solvent dynamics

Ebook "Electrochemistry in nonaqueous solutions" to provide readers with some knowledge of electrochemistry in non-aqueous solutions, from its fundamentals to the latest developments, including the current situation concerning hazardous solvents. The book is divided into two parts. Part I (Chapters 1 to 4) contains a discussion of solvent properties and then deals with solvent effects on chemical processes such as ion solvation, ion complexation, electrolyte dissociation, acid-base reactions and redox reactions.

352p tracanhphuonghoa1007 22-04-2024 2 2   Download

Ebook "Field-flow fractionation in biopolymer analysis" collection of important biomedical applications for a set of separation/characterization techniques that are rapidly gaining popularity due to their wide dynamic range, high resolution, and ability to function in most commonly used solvent systems. Importantly, the field-flow fractionation (FFF) technique has recently emerged as a prominent complement to size exclusion chromatography for protein pharmaceuticals.

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: Dynamic light scattering and viscosimetric methods were used to study polypeptides including polyleucine, poly (γ -benzyl-L-glutamate), poly (α-L-glutamic acid), and polyproline II. Chain extension showing rod-like and flexible conformations occurred in poly(γ -benzyl-L-glutamate) and polyproline II solutions as these solutions were diluted in glacial acetic acid or in a mixed solvent of acetic acid and dichloromethane.

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Segmented polyurethanes were synthesized by the reactions of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-diol and 1,6- hexamethylene diisocyanate through bulk polymerization without using solvent, initiator, or catalyst. Phase separation and hydrogen bond formation between hard segments or between hard and soft segments were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-ATR and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while physical and mechanical properties were studied by atomic force microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, dynamic mechanical analysis, and tensile tester.

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Weighted and un-weighted protein residue networks can predict key functional residues in proteins based on the closeness centrality C and betweenness centrality B values for each residue. A static snapshot of the protein structure, and a cutoff distance, are used to define edges between the network nodes.

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Levan and levan-type fructo-oligosaccharides (LFOs) have various potential applications in pharmaceutical and food industries due to their beneficial properties such as their low intrinsic viscosity and high water solubility.

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Most of hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues are thought to be exposed and buried in proteins, respectively. In contrast to the majority of the existing studies on protein folding characteristics using protein structures, in this study, our aim was to design predictors for estimating relative solvent accessibility (RSA) of amino acid residues to discover protein folding characteristics from sequences.

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Biocatalysis in organic solvents is nowadays a common practice with a large potential in Biotechnology. Several studies report that proteins which are co-crystallized or soaked in organic solvents preserve their fold integrity showing almost identical arrangements when compared to their aqueous forms.

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In  Molecular simulation of nanoparticle diffusion at fluid interfaces molecular dynamics simulations are used to exam- ine the transport properties of a nanoparticle in both bulk solvent and at a liquid–liquid interface. Specifically it aims to address the effect of interfacial adsorption on the diffusion of nanoparticles (at low concentration).

5p hoquangbio 22-07-2015 27 2   Download

Commercially useful lipases are usually obtained from microorganisms that produce a wide variety of extracellular lipases. Many lipases are active in organic solvents where they catalyze a number of useful reactions including esterification (Chowdary et al., 2001; Hamsaveni et al., 2001; Kiran et al., 2001a; Kiyota et al., 2001; Krishna and Karanth, 2001; Krishna et al., 2001; Rao and Divakar, 2001), transesterification, regioselective acylation of glycols and menthols, and synthesis of peptides (Ducret et al., 1998; Zhang et al.

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Many biological C-H activation reactions exhibit nonclassical kinetic isotope effects (KIEs). These nonclassical KIEs are too large (kH/kD 7) and/or exhibit unusual temperature dependence such that the Arrhenius prefactor KIEs (AH/AD) fall outside of the semiclassical range near unity. The focus of this minireview is to discuss such KIEs within the context of the environmentally coupled hydrogen tunneling model.

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Flavoproteins are ubiquitous redox proteins that are involved in many biological processes.In the majority of flavoproteins, the flavin cofactor is tightlybut noncovalently bound.Reversible dissociation of flavoproteins into apo-proteinandflavinprostheticgroupyields valuable insights in flavoprotein folding, functionandmechanism.Replacement of the natural cofactorwithartificial flavins has proved tobe especially useful for the determination of the solvent acces-sibility, polarity, reaction stereochemistry and dynamic behaviour of flavoprotein active sites....

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The catalytic competence of the natural thrombin mutant with deletion of the Lys9 residue in the A-chain (DK9) was found to be severely impaired, most likely due to modification of the 60-loop conformation and catalytic triad geometry, as supported by long molecular dynamics (MD) simula-tions in explicit water solvent.

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A comprehensive study of the hydration mechanism of an enzyme in non-aqueous media was done using molecular dynamics simulations in five organic solvents with different polarities, namely, hexane, 3-pentanone, diisopropyl ether, ethanol, and acetonitrile.

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I recommend a dynamically stirred, two-pump, high-pressure mixing system. If, on the other hand, you’ll mainly be doing scouting gradients, dial-a-mix isocratics, and the occasional uncomplicated gradient, the low-pressure mixing system would be excellent and save you about $4,000. This system has the advantage of giving you three- or four-solvent capability, which would be of advantage in scouting and automated wash-out, but it requires continuous, inert gas solvent degassing.

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