The carbon cycle

This paper presents potential fuel storage scenarios for two options: the current nuclear power replacement strategy, which will see 16 GWe of new capacity installed by 2030 and a median strategy, intended to ensure implementation of the UK’s carbon reduction target, involving 48 GWe of nuclear capacity installed by 2040.

9p christabelhuynh 30-05-2020 8 0   Download

The prokaryotic ATP-citrate lyase is considered to be a key enzyme of the carbon dioxide-fixing reductive tricarboxylic acid (RTCA) cycle. Kinetic examination of the ATP-citrate lyase from the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium limicola (Cl-ACL), an a4b4 heteromeric enzyme, revealed that the enzyme displayed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics toward ATP with an apparent Km value of 0.21 ± 0.04 mM. However, strong negative cooperativity was observed with respect to citrate binding, with a Hill coefficient (nH) of 0.45. ...

8p research12 01-06-2013 41 4   Download

The eukaryotic glyoxylate cycle has been previously hypothesized to occur in the peroxisomal compartment, which in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae additionally represents the sole site for fatty acid b-oxidation. The subcellular location of the key glyoxylate-cycle enzyme malate synthase 1 (Mls1p), an SKL-terminated protein, was examined in yeast cells grown on di€erent carbon sources.

8p research12 01-06-2013 42 4   Download

The citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle is a central element of higher-plant carbon metabolism which provides, among other things, electrons for oxidative phosphorylation in the inner mitochondrial membrane, intermediates for aminoacid biosynthesis, and oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis from succinate derived from fatty acids via the glyoxylate cycle in glyoxysomes. The tricarboxylic acid cycle is a typical mitochondrial pathway and is widespread among a-proteobacteria, the group of eubacteria as de®ned under rRNA systematics from which mitochondria arose. ...

16p research12 01-06-2013 41 3   Download

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the reversible conversion between isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate accom-panied by decarboxylation/carboxylation and oxidoreduc-tion of NAD(P) + cofactor.While this enzyme has beenwell studiedas a catabolic enzyme in the tricarboxylicacid (TCA) cycle, here we have characterized NADP-dependent IDH fromChlorobiumlimicola, agreen sulfur bacteriumthat ®xes CO2 through the reductive tricarboxylic acid (RTCA) cycle, focusing on theCO2-®xation ability of the enzyme. ...

6p research12 23-04-2013 45 3   Download

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is subjected to multiple interacting levels of control in plant cells. The first level is subcellular compartmentation. Plant cells are unique inhaving twodistinct, spatially separated forms of the PDC; mitochondrial (mtPDC) and plastidial (plPDC). The mtPDCis the site of carbon entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, while the plPDCprovides acetyl-CoAandNADHfor de novofatty acid biosynthesis.

7p tumor12 20-04-2013 30 2   Download

Autotrophic Archaea of the family Sulfolobaceae (Cre-narchaeota) use a modified 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for carbon dioxide assimilation. In this cycle the ATP-depend-ent carboxylations of acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA,respectively,rep-resent the key CO2fixation reactions. These reactions were studied in the thermophilic and acidophilicMetallosphaera sedula and are shown to be catalyzed by one single large enzyme,which acts equally well on acetyl-CoA and pro-pionyl-CoA....

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 31 4   Download

Methylcitrate synthase is a key enzyme of the methylcitrate cycle and required for fungal propionate degradation. Propionate not only serves as a carbon source, but also acts as a food preservative (E280–283) and pos-sesses a negative effect on polyketide synthesis. To investigate propionate metabolism from the opportunistic human pathogenic fungusAspergillus fumigatus, methylcitrate synthase was purified to homogeneity and charac-terized.

16p fptmusic 11-04-2013 25 3   Download

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is the key enzyme of the Calvin cycle, catalyzing the fixation of inorganic carbon dioxide to organic sugars. Unlike most enzymes, RuBisCO is extremely slow, substrate unspecific, and catalyzes undesired side-reactions, which are considered to be responsible for the slow deactivation observed in vitro, a phenomenon known as fallover.

20p mobifone23 18-01-2013 29 4   Download

The glyoxylate cycle plays an essential role for anaplerosis of oxaloacetate during growth of microorganisms on carbon sources such as acetate or fatty acids and has been shown to contribute to virulence of several patho-gens.

15p cosis54 05-01-2013 41 4   Download

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Over-expressing the C3 photosynthesis cycle enzyme Sedoheptulose-1-7 Bisphosphatase improves photosynthetic carbon gain and yield under fully open air CO2 fumigation (FACE)

12p panasonic02 14-12-2011 37 6   Download

Chapter 12Is There a Theoretical Limit to Soil Carbon Storage in Old-Growth Forests? A Model Analysis with Contrasting Approaches Apart from the intrinsic worth that nature and forests have due merely to their existence, old-growth forests have always provided a number of additional values through their function as regulators of the water cycle

15p mama15 15-10-2010 80 4   Download