Tumor suppressor

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are gatekeepers regulating the cellular responses induced by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated activation of heterotrimeric G proteins. Specifically, RGS proteins determine the magnitude and duration of GPCR signaling by acting as a GTPase-activating protein for Gα subunits, an activity facilitated by their semiconserved RGS domain. The R7 subfamily of RGS proteins is distinguished by two unique domains, DEP/DHEX and GGL, which mediate membrane targeting and stability of these proteins.

13p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 30 1   Download

Amplification of N-myc oncogene is a frequent event in advanced stages of human neuroblastoma and correlates with poor prognosis and enhanced neovascularization. Angiogenesis is an indispensable prerequisite for the progression and metastasis of solid malignancies, which is modulated by tumor suppressors and oncogenes. We have addressed the possibility that N-myc oncogene might regulate angiogenesis in neuroblastoma. Here, we report that experimental N-Myc overexpression results in down-regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a modulator of endothelial cell proliferation....

10p system191 01-06-2013 36 4   Download

Erythropoietin (Epo) is a hematopoietic cytokine that is crucial for the differentiation and proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells. Epo acts on its target cells by inducing homodimerization of the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR), thereby triggering intracellular signaling cascades. The EpoR encompasses eight tyrosine motifs on its cytoplasmic tail that have been shown to recruit a number of regulatory proteins.

11p research12 29-04-2013 35 3   Download

The tumor suppressor protein, p53, selectively binds to supercoiled (sc) DNA lacking the specific p53 consensus binding sequence (p53CON). Using p53 deletion mutants, we have previously shown that the p53 C-terminal DNA-binding site (CTDBS) is critical for this binding.

12p awards 05-04-2013 47 5   Download

HIC1(hypermethylated in cancer 1) is a transcriptional repressor containing fiveKru¨ppel-likeC2H2zinc fingers and an N-terminal dimerization and autonomous repression domain called BTB/POZ. Here, we demonstrate that full-length HIC1 proteins are modified both in vivo andin vitro with O-linkedN-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). This is a highly dynamic glycosylation found within the cytosolic and the nuclear compartments of eukaryotes. Analysis of [ 3 H]Gal-labeled tryptic peptides indicates that HIC1 has three major sites forO-GlcNAc glycosylation....

12p awards 05-04-2013 55 4   Download

RNA helicase A (RHA), a member of DNA and RNA helicase family containing ATPase activity, is involved in many steps of gene expression such as transcription and mRNA export. RHA has been reported to bind directly to the transcriptional coactivator, CREB-binding protein, and the tumor suppressor protein, BRCA1, and links them to RNAPolymerase II holoenzyme complex. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we have identified RHA as an interacting molecule of the p65 subunit of nuclear factorjB(NF-jB).

11p awards 05-04-2013 32 4   Download

trans-[PtCl2NH3(4-Hydroxymethylpyridine)] (trans-PtHMP) is an analogue of clinically ineffective transplatin, which is cytotoxic in the human leuke-mia cancer cell line. As DNA is a major pharmacological target of anti-tumor platinum compounds, modifications of DNA by trans-PtHMP and recognition of these modifications by active tumor suppressor protein p53 were studied in cell-free media using the methods of molecular biology and biophysics.

14p dell39 27-03-2013 50 4   Download

HIC1(hypermethylated in cancer) is a tumour suppressor gene located in 17p13.3, a region frequently hypermethylated or deleted in many types of prevalent human tumour.HIC1is also a candidate for a contiguous-gene syndrome, the Miller–Dieker syndrome, a severe form of lissencephaly accompanied by developmental anomalies.

12p inspiron33 25-03-2013 36 3   Download

Expression of the tumor suppressor p16 INK4a after stable transfection can restore the susceptibility of epithelial tumor cells to anoikis. This property is linked to increases in the expression and cell-surface presence of the fibronectin receptor. Considering its glycan chains as pivotal signals, we assumed an effect of p16 INK4a on glycosylation.

24p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 33 5   Download

Angiogenic switch in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is attributed to the inactivation of the von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor, stabilization of hypoxia inducible factor-1 transcription factor and increased vascular endothelial growth factor.

13p media19 05-03-2013 29 2   Download

The tumor suppressor von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene product forms a com-plex with elongin B and elongin C, and acts as a recognition subunit of a ubiquitin E3 ligase. Interactions between components in the complex were investigated in living cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)–fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM).

9p media19 04-03-2013 45 2   Download

DNA methylation is an important mechanism involved in embryogenesis and tumor development. Changing cytosines to 5-methylcytosines in CpG dinucleotides has been found to be responsible for the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes by repressing transcription.

15p media19 04-03-2013 37 2   Download

The EF-hand protein S100A2 is a cell cycle regulator involved in tumori-genesis, acting through regulation of the p53 activation state. Metal ion-free S100A2 is homodimeric and contains two Ca 2+ -binding sites and two Zn 2+ -binding sites per subunit, whereby the Zn 2+ ion binding to one of the sites is coordinated by residues from two homodimers.

11p vinaphone15 27-02-2013 37 2   Download

A method has been developed to predict the effects of mutations in the p53 cancer suppressor gene. The new method uses novel parameters combined with previously established parameters. The most important parameter is the stability measure of the mutated structure calculated using molecular modelling.

14p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 39 2   Download

The endosomal compartment of the cell is involved in a number of func-tions including: (a) internalizing membrane proteins to multivesicular bodies and lysosomes; (b) producing vesicles that are secreted from the cell (exosomes); and (c) generating autophagic vesicles that, especially in times of nutrient deprivation, supply cytoplasmic components to the lysosome for degradation and recycling of nutrients.

12p viettel02 22-02-2013 33 3   Download

There is emerging evidence of the production in human tumors of abnormal levels of microRNAs (miRNAs), which have been assigned oncogenic and⁄or tumor-suppressor functions. While some miRNAs commonly exhibit altered amounts across tumors, more often, different tumor types produce unique patterns of miRNAs, related to their tissue of origin.

8p viettel02 22-02-2013 44 3   Download

The tumor suppressor p16 INK4a has functions beyond cell-cycle control via cyclin-dependent kinases. A coordinated remodeling ofN- and O-glycosyla-tion, and an increase in the presentation of the endogenous lectin galectin-1 sensing these changes on the surface of p16 INK4a -expressing pancreatic carcinoma cells (Capan-1), lead to potent pro-anoikis signals.

12p viettel02 19-02-2013 58 4   Download

Mutations in the tumor suppressor breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), an important player in the DNA damage response, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and transcription, confer a significantly elevated life-time risk for breast and ovarian cancer.

11p viettel02 19-02-2013 51 2   Download

Over the past several years, the importance of regulated nuclear transport processes for tumor suppressors has become evident. Proteins with a molecular mass greater than 40 kDa can enter the nucleus only by active transport across the nuclear membrane. The most common pathway by which this occurs is via the importin alpha⁄beta pathway, whereby the cargo protein binds importin alpha.

7p viettel02 19-02-2013 41 3   Download

he tumor suppressor, breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), plays an integral role in the maintenance of genome stability and, in particular, the cellular response to DNA damage. Here, the emerging role of BRCA1 in nonhomologous end-joining-mediated DNA repair following DNA dam-age will be reviewed, as well as the activation of apoptotic pathways.

7p viettel02 19-02-2013 49 3   Download