Câu điều kiện trong tiếng anh và cách sử dụng

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Dạng thức: If-clause (S + Present simple), Main clause (S + Simple future – will / will not / won’t) + Cách sử dụng: dùng để diễn tả kết quả tất yếu của 1 hành động hoặc các giả thiết có thể được thực hiện ở hiện tại và tương lai.

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Unit 2 – G9: Worksheet 1 Conditional sentences (Câu điều kiện)  I, Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First conditionals or Real conditionals) + Dạng thức: If-clause (S + Present simple), Main clause (S + Simple future – will / will not / won’t) + Cách sử dụng: dùng để diễn tả kết quả tất yếu của 1 hành động hoặc các giả thiết có thể đ ược thực hiện ở hiện tại và tương lai. Ex: - if I find the key I’ll give it to you - I won’t go out if it rains - If he runs he’ll get there in time - the cat will scratch you if you pull her tail + Các biến thể của câu điều kiện loại 1: 1, If -clause (S + hiện tại đơn) , main clause ( S+ hiện tại đơn) – diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên Ex: - If you heat ice it turns into water. 2, If-clause ( S + hiện tại đơn) , main clause ( S + modal verb…….) Ex: if I learn harder I can get good marks. 3, If-clause (S + hiện tại đơn) + main clause ( câu mệnh lệnh) Ex: If you meet Susan, tell her to call me. 4, Unless…. ( = if….not; except if): trừ phi : - Unless + clause (S + hiện tại đơn), main clause ( S + tương lai đơn hoặc câu mệnh lệnh) Ex: - Don’t tell Sue what I said unless she asks you. − we’ll be late unless we hurry up. − You won’t pass the exam unless you work much harder. 5, As long as / So long as / Provided (that) / Providing (that) + Clause (hi ện t ại đ ơn), Main clause (hiện tại đơn / tương lai đơn / modal verbs): miễn là…….. Ex: - You can use my car as long as you drive carefully − We are playing tennis provided that it’s not raining − Providing that you study hard you’ll pass your exam. − As long as you want me to stay I won’t leave you. − Provided that you go now you can catch the train • Lưu ý: - WHEN có thể dùng thay cho IF: - When he comes, we can go - CAN, MAY, MUST, OUGHT TO, SHOULD, HAVE TO, NEED TO có thể dùng thay cho WILL / SHALL: - if he fails the exams, he must attend summer couse.  II, Câu điều kiện loại 2( 2nd conditionals - Unreal conditionals) – được dùng để diễn tả giả thiết trái ngược với thực tế ở hiện tại hoặc những tình huống không có thực, không có khả năng xảy ra hoặc những tình huống tưởng tượng. + Dạng thức: If-clause ( S + quá khứ đơn), main clause ( S + would / could / might + V) Ex: - What would you do if you saw an accident? − if I won the competition I would buy a new car. − If I had time I'd help you − If I knew her number I’d ring her. − If you were in my position what would you do? − I wouldn’t buy that coat if I were you. − If I were you I’d plant some trees round the house. + Notes: - Past Continuous có thể dùng thay cho Past Simple: - it was not raining, we could leave - “ was → were ” ở ngôi “ I ” - thì quá khứ trong mệnh đề “If” không phải là quá khứ thật mà là quá khứ giả định, diễn tả tính không có thực hoặc tính không có thể.
Practice  I, Choose SHOULD or WOULD to fill in each space in the following sentences. 1, I …………say nothing about it if I were you. 2, That dress doesn’t suit you; you …………….buy another. 3, I wish I ………..not play his radio loudly. 4, I ………like to know where you have been. 5, ……………..the pain return, take one of these pills. 6, It is most important that I ………….see her at once. 7, He ordered that the stranger ………….leave the house at once. 8, if you …………..change your mind, this address will always finds me. 9, I …………rather you asked him. 10, he was determined that his children …………….go to best school.  II, Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to complete these sentences. 1, If you read in bad light, you (ruin)………………your eyes. 2, If he didn’t smoke so much he (get)…………………rid of his cough. 3, If my sister (finish)……………………work early, she will go home. 4, If you (keep)………………..driving carelessly, you (have) ……………………an accident. 5, Someone (steal)…………………….your car if you leave it unlocked. 6, if you (come)………………….late, I (let) ………………..you in. 7, Don’t blame me if the tin-opener (be)…………..broken. 8, If he (leave)………………at 6 o’clock, I (ask)………………..him to give me a lift. 9, It’s too bad that it’s snowing. If it (not snow)………………….., we (go)……………..for a drive. 10, I am very tired. Otherwise, I (go) …………………..to the party with you tonight.  III, Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use these modals in the main clause instead of will: can, could, may, might, can’t, should, ought to, or must. 1, If you (be)………..still ill tomorrow, you (stay)…………………at home. 2, If you (finish)………......work early, you (come)………………..to have a drink with us. 3, If she (have)………….too much too do, she (ask)………………someone to help her. 4, If he (not come)……………….tonight, he (come)…………………next week. 5, If he (only just arrive)……………………………., he (hear)………………..the news. 6, If they (wait)………………for longer than an hour now, they (get)……………….impatient. 7, If we (not go)………………next week, we (manage)…………………..to go the week after. 8, If you (play) …………..a musical instrument, you (help)……………….with he school orchestra. 9, If they (have)…………..the right qualifications, they (apply)…………..for better jobs. 10, If she (have)…………some lessons, she (improve)………………….her performance.  IV, Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning. 1, You can’t visit France unless you get a visa. - If you…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2, If you crash my car, I’ll never forgive you - Don’t…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3, My number isn’t in the directory so people don’t ring me up. - If…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4, John is fat because he eats so many chips. - If…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5, Ask me nicely and I’ll mend it for you - If you ask…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Unit 2 – G9: Worksheet 3: The Passive Voice A. General rules. S + V + O  O + to be – P 2 + by – S - The passive is used when we pay more attention to the object of the verb than the subject. - The subject may be a noun, a noun phrase or even a clause. - by people, by everybody, by everyone, by somebody, by someone, by anybody, by anyone, by nobody, by no one, by him, by her, by me, by them, by us …..are omitted. B. Verb Form. - They do it  It is done - They are doing it  It is being done. - They have done it  It has been done - They have been doing it  It has been being done. - They did it  It was done. - They were doing it  it was being done. - They had done it  It had been done - They had been doing itIt had been being done - They will do it  It will be done - They will being do itIt will be being done - They will have done itIt will have been done - They will have been doing it  It will have been being done C. Infinitives, gerunds and past participles. - do  be done - doing  being done - done  been done - to do  to be done - to have done  to have been done. D. Modal verbs. - They can do it  It can be done - They can have done it  It can have been done - They may do it  It may be done. - They must have done it  It must have been done - They might do it  It might be done. - They ought to have done it  It ought to have been done. - They have to do it.  It has to be done. - They used to do it  It used to be done. - they would have done it  It would have been done - They should do it  It should be done. - They could have done it  It could have been done. - They need to do it --? It needs to be done. E. not……anything; not……..anyone; not anybody  Nothing…..; No one…….: Nobody….. Practice  I, Change these sentences into passive form. 1. Most people here have seen that film for several times. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. I saw him fall down. -……………………………………………….………………………………… 3. The doctor is taking care of the patients now. - …………………………………………………… 4. I saw you while you’re driving a car. - ………………………………………………………………… 5. Her mother called a doctor when she was ill.
…………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. No students are doing the exercises in the classroom -………………………………………………… 7. I’ll wait for you outside your office. 8. She didn’t do her homework yesterday. - …………………………………………………………… 9. People don’t study English in a short time. -………………….……………………………………… 10. People grow rice in tropical countries. -…………….………………………………………………… 11. I couldn’t see her at school. - ………………………………………………………………………… 12. We haven’t written to him since 1990.- ……………………………………………………………… 13. Nobody will help you with that work. - …..………………………………………………………… 14. Does she invite you to her birthday party? - ……………...………………………………………… 15. Mrs. Smith can lend you her book after her friend returns it to her. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 16. You must do your homework carefully. - …………………………………………………… 17. Women often do chores everyday. - ………………………………………………………………… 18. Alexandre Bain invented the facsimile in 1843. - …………………………………………………… 19. Someone will blow a whistle if there is an emergency. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 20. Do they send 2 million books to America every year? …………………………………………………………………………………………… 21. Are you going to buy a new bike next month? - ……………...……………………………………… 22. Who invented the telephone? - …………………………………………………………………… 23. We have to improve all the schools in the city. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 24. They haven’t built two new department stores this year. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 25. They aren’t using the road at the moment. - ….……………………………………………………… 26. He asked us many difficult questions.- ……………………………………………………………… 27. We will grow lots of trees in the parks. - ….………………………………………………………… 28. People have just introduced a new style of jeans in the U.S.A. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 29. Was he writing a letter to his pen pal last night? -…………………………………………………… 30. How will you give her your telephone number? -……………………………………………………  II,Change the following sentences with two Objects into Passive Voice. 1, The teacher gives each of us two exercise books. (2 ways) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2, Some one will tell him that news. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3, They had sent enough money to these poor boys. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4, They have given women in most countries in the world the right to vote. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5, They paid me a lot of money to do the job. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Unit 2 – G9: Worksheet 2  I, Choose a word that has different stress pattern. 1, climate / campus/ control / capture 2, exhibition / precaution / position / selection 3, encouragement / economic / energetic / disappointment 4, minority / priority / necessary / facility 5, despite / dentist / destroy / describe  II, Choose the best answer to complete these sentences. 1, The President made a wonderful ………(message / talk / lecture / speech) 2, Would you be…….to hold the door open? (too kind / kind enough / as kind / so kind) 3, Children would work hard if the lessons are……… (interest / interests / interesting / interested) 4, The lights …….out and we were left in the darkness. (turned / went / put / have) 5, The meeting will start ………..eight o’clock tomorrow morning. (at / in / on /during) 6, My brother can’t plat the piano and ………(either can I / neither can I / neither I can’t / I can’t too) 7, The opposite word of generous is ………(poor / unhappy / mean / boring) 8, Finally means …………(at last / easily / at first / lately) 9, A customer is a person who………(sells / buys / acts / prays) 10, “When did your pen pal arrive? – “……….” (Since a week / In 5 days / For 2 days / Last Monday)  III, Find and correct mistakes. 1, Would you mind to open the window for me? 2, The camera which you bought is very different than me. 3, I’d like buying a new dictionary but I don’t have enough money. 4, My brother said that he is leaving for the capital the next day. 5, Lan’s sister plays badminton more better than she does. 6, Last Tuesday Mr. Hoang didn’t go to work because his illness. 7, How many sugar do I need to make a cake? 8, John didn’t write to me since he came back to his country. 9, My sister has done her home work in her room for a quarter past eight. 10, We will going to have a small party next Sunday.  VI, Choose the correct word or words to use in each blank in the following conversation. Bob: Do you ……. any hobbies?(1 – has / had / have / having) Liz: Yes, I ……pop music. (2 – like / liking / liked / likes) Bob: Do you play ……….games? (3 – any / some / every / no) Liz: Yes. I do. I like ……… (4 – a tennis / some tennis / the tennis / tennis) Bob: I like it, ……….. Can we have a game now? (5 – so / too / either / neither) Liz: Oh dear, I’m sorry. I don’t have time at the …….. (6 – time / now / moment / while) Bob: Where …….? (7 – you going / you go / are you going / go you) Liz: I’m playing hockey. ……..you like hockey? (8 – Do / Is /Are / Have) Bob: Not really. I’m not good at …..about and hitting a ball with a stick. (9 – run/ ran / to run / running) Liz: That doesn’t matter. We just play for fun. Why…you try playing? (10–aren’t/ haven’t/ don’t/ not) Bob: Some time, perhaps. But I don’t have a hockey stick.