Chuyên đề luyện thi tôt nghiệp THPT và tuyển sinh cao đăng đại học

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Mục đích chuyên đề này giúp học sinh biết cách sử dụng câu bị động của các động từ đặc biệt

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Chuyên đề Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT và Luyện thi Đại học, Cao đẳng 2009 CHUYÊN ĐỀ LUYỆN THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT VÀ LUYỆN THI ĐẠI HỌC, CAO ĐẲNG 2009 Môn: TIẾNG ANH Chuyênđề: MỘT SỐ CÁCH CHUYỂN SANG BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT I. MỤC ĐÍCH CHUYÊN ĐỀ - Chuyên đề này nối tiếp chuyên đề hôm trước chúng ta đã học để mở rộng thêm kiến thức cho các em về một số cách chuyển sang bị động của các động từ đặc biệt. Đây là những trường hợp đặc biệt cần lưu ý để giúp các em tránh sai sót trong quá trình làm bài. II. KIẾN THỨC CƠ BẢN 1. Somebody + want/ like/expect + someone to do something Somebody + want /like/expect + something + to be done Ví dụ: The teacher wants us to prepare our lessons carefully. The teacher wants our lessons to be prepared carefully. They expected me to finish my work early. they expected my work to be finished early. 2. Somebody + agree/arrange/determind/decide + to do something Somebody + agree/arange/determind/decide + that something + should be + done Ví dụ: She decided to rebuild the house She decided that the house should be rebuilt. 3. They/it + need(s) + doing they/ it + need(s) + to be done Ví dụ: The house needs cleaning The house needs to be cleaned. The chickens need feeding The chickens need to be fed. Hai cấu trúc này có thể chuyển đổi lại cho nhau, cả hai cấu trúc này đều mang nghĩa bị động. 4. Somebody + think/expect/believe/estimate/say/report + that + someone + do something Cách 1: It is thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported that someone + do something Cách 2: Someone is thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported to do something Ví dụ: Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt Trang 1
Chuyên đề Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT và Luyện thi Đại học, Cao đẳng 2009 People think he drives dangerously. It’s thought that he drives dangerously. He is thought to drive dangerously. People think he is a good teacher. It is thought that he is a good teacher. He is thought to be a good teacher. 5. Somebody + think/expect/believe/estimate/say/report + that + someone + did something Cách 1: It is thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported that someone + did something Cách 2: Someone is thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported to have + done something Ví dụ: People say he was a teacher. It’s said that he was a teacher. He is said to have been a teacher. 6. It’s your duty to do something You are supposed to do something (bổn phận của bạn là….) Ví dụ: It’s your duty to lock all the doors. You are supposed to lock all the doors. 7. Somebody + see/make/let + someone + do + something Someone is seen/made + to do something Someone is let + do something Ví dụ: He made me stay outside yesterday I was made to stay outside yesterday. The teacher let us go home early last week. We were let go home early last week. 8. Somebody + have + someone + do something Somebody + get + someone + to do something Somebody + have + something + done Ví dụ: He had his waiter carry the luggage home He had the luggage carried home by the waiter. I got the postman to post the letter for me. I had the letter posted for me by the postman. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt Trang 2
Chuyên đề Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT và Luyện thi Đại học, Cao đẳng 2009 9. Don’t do something something musn’t be done It’s impossible to do something something can’t be done It’s possible to do something something can be done Ví dụ: Don’t touch this switch This switch musn’t be touched It is impossible to do this This can’t be done. 10. Somebody + advise/ beg/ urge/ recommand someone to do something Cách 1: someone is advised/ begged/ urged/ recommanded to do something Cách 2: somebody advise/ beg/ urge/ recommand that something should be done Ví dụ: He advised me to sell the car. I was advised to sell the car. He advised that the car should be sold. 11. Somebody + agree/ arrange/ determine/ decide/ is deternined/ is anxious + to do something Somebody + agree/ arrange/ determine/ decide/ is deternined/ is anxious + that something should be done Ví dụ: She decided to rebuild the house. she decided that the house should be rebuilt. 12. Somebody + insist/ advise/ propose/ recommand/ suggest + doing something Somebody insist/ advise/ propose/ recommand/ suggest that something should be done Ví dụ: He suggested selling the radio He suggested that radio should be sold. They advised enlarging the garden They advised that the garden should be enlarged. 13. Mệnh lệnh thức + Object S + should/must + be +P2. Ví dụ: Turn on the lights The lights should be turned on. 14. “Need to” là động từ thường You don’t need to prepare the lesson The lesson doesn’t need to be prepared. III. CỦNG CỐ KIẾN THỨC Bài tập 1: Chọn phương án thích hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau: 1. All bottles _____ before transportation. A. frozen B. is frozen C. was frozen D. were frozen Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt Trang 3
Chuyên đề Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT và Luyện thi Đại học, Cao đẳng 2009 2. Everything that _____ remained a secret. A. had be overheard B. had been overheard C. had been overheared D. would had been overheard 3. Everything _____. A. were forbidden B. is forbidden C. is forbidded D. are forbidden 4. Everything _____. A. are going to be forgotten B. is going to be forgot C. is going to be forgotten D. were going to be forgotten 5. I _____. A. have not given the money B. have not been given the money C. have not been give the money D. have not be given the money 6. It _____ for years. A. has not be known B. had not been known C. had not be known D. have not been known 7. It _____ that learning English is easy. A. are said B. said C. is said D. is sayed 8. John and Ann _____. A. were not misleed B. were not misleeded C. was not misled D. were not misled 9. Our horses _____. A. are well feeded B. are well fed C. is well fed D. is well feeded 10. Peter and Tom _____ in an accident yesterday. A. is hurt B. is hurted C. were hurt D. were hurted 11. South Florida and Hawaii _____ by a hurricane. A. is hit B. have been hit C. have are hit D. has been hit 12. The battles for liberation _____. A. had be fought B. had been fighted C. had been fought D. has been fought Bài tập 2: Chuyển các câu sau sang dạng bị động: 1. They must do their task now. 2. He expected me to buy him a book. 3. They want him to invite them to the party. 4. They opened the road 10 years ago. 5. He can mend all chairs for you now. 6. We expected them to forgive us. 7. They allowed women to vote many years ago. 8. You should open the wine 3 hours before you use it. 9. They suggested making the test easier. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt Trang 4
Chuyên đề Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT và Luyện thi Đại học, Cao đẳng 2009 10. They think she is the most beautiful girl. 11. It’s your duty to make tea for the party. 12. They let their children go to the zoo last Sunday. 13. He had the neighbor mend the chair. 14. The walls need painting. 15. He made me clean all the plates last night. 16. Don’t close the door. Đáp án: Bài 1: 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C Bài 2: 1. Their task must be done now. 2. He expected to be bought a book. 3. They want to be invited to the party by them. 4. The road was opened 10 years ago. 5. All chairs can be mended for you now. 6. We expected to be forgiven by them. 7. Women were allowed to vote many years ago. 8. The wine should be opened 3 hours before it is used. 9. They suggested the test should be made easier. 10. She is thought to be the most beautiful girl. 11. You are supposed to make tea for the party. 12. Their children were let go to the zoo last Sunday. 13. They had the chair mended by the neighbor. 14. The walls need to be painted. 15. I was made to clean all the plates last night. 16. The door mustn’t be closed. IV. BÀI TẬP VỀ NHÀ Bài tập: Viết lại các câu sau sang câu bị động: 1. People say he is very rich. 2. We see her walk with him every evening. 3. They had the typist type all their letters. 4. I am going to ask the gardener to cut my fence tomorrow. 5. Don’t let others see you. 6. He needn’t repair the bike. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt Trang 5
Chuyên đề Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT và Luyện thi Đại học, Cao đẳng 2009 7. People think he was an artist. 8. It’s impossible to rebuild the school. 9. He let me in. 10. People said she was very intelligent. 11. He doesn’t need to paint the house. 12. You needn’t water the flowers. Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Tâm Nguồn: Hocmai.vn Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trường chung của học trò Việt Trang 6