Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 năm 2019-2020 - Trường THCS Phú An

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Nội dung Text: Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 năm 2019-2020 - Trường THCS Phú An

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI HỌC KỲ II MÔN ANH LỚP 8 2019 – 2020 GIÁO VIÊN: TRẦN THỊ PHƯƠNG MAI 1. Adjectives followed by an infinitive or a clause. (Tính töø ñöôïc theo sau bôûi moät ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu hay moät meänh ñeà.) a.Tính töø chæ caûm giaùc thöôøng ñöôïc theo sau bôûi moät cuïm ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu (infinitive phrase). S + be (not) + adjective + to infinitive. Ex .: I’m glad to meet you again. He was surprised to get me letter. Moät soá tính töø khaùc nhö : sure, certain, right, careful, lucky, wrong, … ñöôïc theo sau bôûi moät cuïm ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu. Ex . : He’s certain to win the game. Be careful not to dirty the picture. b.Moät soá tính töø coù theå ñöôïc theo sau bôûi moät meänh ñeà danh töø (a noun clause). Ex: I’m glad ( that ) you can make it. S + be (not) + adjective + that + Clause. 2 . In order to – so as to + V( base form) : ñöôïc duøng ñeå dieãn taû muïc ñích Ex: He’s saving money in order to / so as to go on holiday next summer. 3 . Future simple Tense ( Thì töông lai ñôn) Use : Dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng seõ xaûy ra taïi moät thôøi ñieåm naøo ñoù trong töông lai. Form : + S + will / shall + V + …………… Ex: He will finish his homework tomorrow . S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……………….. Lan won’t go to the zoo next week. ? Will / Shall + S + V + …………………. ? Will you do this exercise 4 . The passive form (voice) Form: BE + V3 /Ved (past participle) Caáu truùc cuûa caâu bò ñoäng Subject + be = past participle + by + object This tree was planted by my grand father S be pp O Caùch ñoåi caâu chuû ñoäng sang caâu bò ñoäng: Muoán ñoåi moät caâu chuû ñoäng sang caâu bò ñoäng, ta thöïc hieän nhöõng böôùc sau: Active : S V O Passive : S V(3) by + O (be + pp) Ex: They sell jeans all over the world. => Jeans are sold all over the world. Note: Khi chuû ngöõ caâu chuû ñoäng laø: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE thì khi ñoåi sang caâu bò ñoäng khoâng coù By agent . Nhöng khi danh töø laøm chuû ngöõ baét buoäc phaûi coù agent 1
Vôùi ñoäng töø ñaëc bieät (modal verbs): CAN, MUST, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, WILL,. . . ta phaûi theâm BE tröôùc khi chuyeån ñoäng töø chính sang daïng PAST PARTICIPLE. S + must/should/can + be + Ved / V3 (past participle) Ex : You must do this exercise carefully. => This exercise must be done carefully. 5 . ed and ing participle( Quaù khöù vaø hieän taïi phaân töø ) Hieân taïi phaân töø “ ING” coøn goïi laø phaân töø taùc ñoäng. Ex: His job is boring. Quaù khöù phaân töø “ – ED” coøn goïi laø phaân töø bò taùc ñoäng. Ex: This clock is broken. * Quaù khöù vaø hieän taïi phaân töø : Ñöùng tröôùc danh töø, hoaëc sau ñoäng töø lieân keát Ex: A tired worker is sleeping on the chair. The story is interesting * Quaù khöù vaø hieän taïi phaân töø: ñöôïc duøng ñeå ruùt goïn meänh ñeà tính töø Ex: The boy is in my class . He’s reading a book. The boy reading a book is in my class. There are many books. They are written in English. There are many books written in English. 6 . Past progressive ( Thì quaù khöù tieáp dieãn ) Form : WAS / WERE + Present pasticiple ( Ving ) Use: dieãn taû söï kieän xaûy ra ôû moät thôøi ñieåm cuï theå ( giôø ) trong quaù khöù Ex: What were you doing at 2 p.m. yesterday? dieãn taû moät söï kieän ñang dieãn tieán baát chôït moät söï kieän khaùc xaûy ñeán ôû quaù khöù. Ex: Last night when I was doing homework, the electricity went out. dieãn taû hai hay nhieàu söï kieän xaûy ra cuøng moät luùc song song ôû quaù khöù Ex: Last Friday as I was swimming at the pool, my father was visiting the City Museum. * Note: Thì quá khöù tieáp dieãn thöôøng duøng vôùi WHEN,WHILE hay AS ñeå chæ söï kieän ñang dieãn tieán. * ALWAYS with the past progressive: always duøng vôùi thì tieáp dieãn ñeå dieãn taû söï kieän thöôøng xuyeân xaûy ra vôùi söï khoâng haøi loøng hay than phieàn (Ex: He was always coming to work late.) 7 .Compound nouns ( danh töø keùp) Noun + Gerund : danh töø laøm tuùc töø cho danh ñoäng töø. Ex: fire – making , rice – cooking, … Gerund + Noun : danh ñoäng töø phaân loaïi danh töø , chæ loaïi vaø muïc ñích cho danh töø. Ex: Washingmachine; working condition; waiting – room ; . . . 8 . Reported speech ( lôøi noùi traàn thuaät ) laø caâu thuaät laïi moät caùch giaùn tieáp lôøi noùi cuûa ngöôøi khaùc. Ñeå chuyeån töø tröïc tieáp sang caâu giaùn tieáp chuùng ta phaûi: 2
* Moät soá thay ñoåi veà thì (Tense change) : Neáu ñoäng töø thöôøng thuaät (reporting verb) cuûa caâu ôû thì quaù khöù thì phaûi luøi ñoäng töø chính veà quaù khöù moät baäc khi chuyeån töø lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp (direct speech) sang lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy taéc sau : Speaker’s words Reported statement Speaker’s words Reported statement will / shall would / should present simple past simple am / is / are going to was / were going to present continuous past continuous past continuous past perfect continuous must had to present perfect past perfect past simple past perfect can could Ex: Direct speech: “I’ll talk to Hoa.”said he. Reported speech: He said he would talk to Hoa main verb reporting verb Neáu ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì hieän taïi thì thì cuûa ñoäng töø chính ñöôïc giöõ nguyeân khi chuyeån lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp sang giaùn tieáp.Traïng töø chæ nôi choán,thôøi gian vaø ñaïi töø chæ ñònh ñöôïc giöõ nguyeân. Ex: Direct speech : “I’m arriving at about 6.00.”says Brenda. Reported speech : Brenda says she’s arriving at about 6.00. Note: Coù theå duøng hoaëc khoâng duøng “that” sau ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät. Ví duï : He said (that) he wasn’t going. says / say to + O tells / tell = O said to + O told + O Exï : He told (said to) Helen (that) he didn’t like coffee. Moät soá ñoäng töø khoâng thay ñoåi khi chuyeån sang lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp. Would would, could could, might might, should should, ought to ought to * Moät soá chuyeån ñoåi khaùc (Some other changes) : Khi chuyeån töø lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp sang giaùn tieáp maø ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì quaù khöù thì caùc traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán vaø ñaïi töø chæ ñònh ñöôïc chuyeån ñoåi theo quy taéc sau : Speaker’s words statement Reported today / tonight that day / that night tomorrow the next day / the following day yesterday the day before /the previous day ago / now before / then next/ on Monday the next/ following Monday last Monday the previous Monday / the Monday before the day after tomorrow in two days’ time / two days later this / these that / those here there Ex: Direct speech : “ I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary Reported speech : Mary said (that) she was leaving there the next day. 3
9 .Reported questions (caâu hoûi traàn thuaät )khoâng coù cuøng traät töï töø (trôï ñoäng töø tröôùc chuû ngöõ)nhö caâu hoûi tröïc tieáp.Trôï ñoäng töø “do,does,did”vaø daáu hoûi khoâng xuaát hieän trong caâu. Yes – No questions : thöôøng ñöôïc môû ñaàu baèng caùc ñoäng töø nhö “ ask, inquire, wonder,….” Vaø ta duøng “if” hay “whether” trong lôøi noùi traàn thuaät vaø theo sau caùc ñoäng töø môû ñaàu . Ex: “ Do you see new friend?” he said He asked if you saw new friends. Wh –questions : Thöôøng ñöôïc baét ñaàu baèng caùc ñoäng töø “ask, wonder,want to know . . .”vaø theo sau laø caùc nghi vaán töø : who,which,whom,what,. . . Ex: “ Who is going for a walk?” he asked them. He asked them who was going for a walk. 10. * Would / Do you + mind + Ving . . ? dieãn taû lôøi yeâu caàu lòch söï . Do you mind +if I+ V ? Ex:Do you mind if I open the window?. Would you mind if + I + V 2/ed. . .? dieãn taû yeâu caàu ñöôïc laøm ñieàu gì Ex: Would you mind if I opened the window? Do you mind if I open the window? 11. Present perfect tense( Thì hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh ) (+) S + have/has + already + V3/ed () S + have/has + not + already + V3/ed Ex: I have already finished this work. Ex: Have you finished this work yet. Ex: Have you ever been to Hue? I have never gone. * For : Chæ thôøi gian keùo daøi bao laâu. Ex: You have studied English for 4 years. * Since: thôøi gian baét ñaàu töø luùc naøo Ex: She has studied English since 2003. EXERCISES I. Grammar and Vocabulary 1. Tom ___ his hand when he was cooking dinner. (burnt / was burning / has burnt / burn) 2. Cool the burns immediately so as to ______ tissue damage. (ease / relieve / minimize / maximize) 3. Would you ______ helping me with washing? (mind / like / show / please) 4. My mother showed me how ______ clothes. (to make / making / make / made) 5. The Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt is one of the seven ______ of the world. (landmarks / historical places / ancient structures / wonders) 6. Thanks ______inviting me to the festival. (in / at / to / for) 7. Our city’s dwellers are offered many ______. (scenery / air / facilities / money) 8. We had to call an ambulance because of an ______ person. (injured / injure / injuring / injury) 9. ______ I was having dinner, my sister was listening to music. (How / Until / Soon / While) 4
10. Can you tell me where ______? (she does / does she / she is / is she) 11. A contest in which participants have to fetch water from the river is called ______. (water fetch contest / fetching water contest / water fetching contest / fetchwater contest) 12. I can’t decide ______ to apply this program or not. (where / whether / what / how) 13. I love traveling in Viet Nam; the ______ is so beautiful there. (country / countryside / environment / nature) 14. She asked me ______ a driving license. (if I have / whether I have / if I had / whether I have had) 15. The teacher ______ to the principal is in charge of my class. (to talk / talk / talking / is talking) 16. They usually send ______ to their friends and relatives at Christmas. (Christmas cards / Christmas carols / Christmas trees / Christmas Eve) 17. Ian ______ in Scotland for ten years. Now he lives in London. (lived / has lived / was living / has been living) 18. I don’t know how ______ the game. (playing / to play / played / play) 19. Paul ______ the most intelligent student in the class. (was / to be / being / be) II. Supply the correct verbs form or tenses 1. He (work)___________ for that company for 5 years. 2. What you (do)___________ when we phoned you last night? 3. The man (stand) _______________near the door is my brother. 4. It’s difficult (do)________________ this project. 5. The teacher ordered Tom (go) _____________to the board. 6. When we met George and Linda yesterday, we (walk)_____________ through the park. 7. It started (rain)_____________ when they left home. 8. The accident (cause) _______________by the fast truck driver last Sunday. 9. It was late, so we decided (take) _______________a taxi home. 10. This house is quite old. It (build) _______________over 100 years ago. 11. The phone rang while An (have) ______________dinner. 12. Her son (not visit) ________________her for a long time. 13. He promised he ……………….me .(phone) 14.When Lan (come)…………………….., I (cook)……………………….dinner. 15. An English Speaking Club (hold)………………………………in our school next week. III. Reading comprehension 1. Read and answer the questions. A. RECYCLING Recycling is the collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses it in new products. In general, using recycled materials to make new products cost less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for highpollution alternatives or minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the 5
manufacturing process. Recycling decreases the amount of land needed for trash dumps by reducing the volume of discarded waste. * Questions a. What does recycling mean? b. What can be recycled? c. Does using the recycled materials to make new products cost much? d. Which requires more energy, using recycled materials or using new materials? B. Vietnam’s New Year is celebrated according to the Lunar calendar. It is officially known as Tet Nguyen Dan, or Tet. It begins between January twentyfirst and February nineteen. The exact date changes from year to year. Vietnamese people usually make preparations for the holiday several weeks beforehand. They tidy their houses, cook special food, clean and made offerings on the family altars. On the New Year’s Eve, people sit up to midnight to see the New Year in, then they put on new clothes and give one another the greetings of the season. Tet lasts ten days. The first three days are the most important. Vietnamese people believe that how people act during those days will influence the whole year. As a result, they make every effort to avoid arguments and smile as much as possible. Questions a. What is Vietnam’s New Year known as? b. What do Vietnamese people usually do to prepare for Tet? c. Does Tet last three days? d. Why are the first three days the most important? 2. Read the following passage and decide if the sentences are True (T) or False (F) Vietnam’s New Year is celebrated according to the Lunar calendar. It is officially known as Tet Nguyen Dan, or Tet. It begins between January twentyfirst and February nineteen. The exact date changes from year to year. Vietnamese people usually make preparations for the holiday several weeks beforehand. They tidy their houses, cook special food, clean and made offerings on the family altars. On the New Year’s Eve, people sit up to midnight to see the New Year in, then they put on new clothes and give one another the greetings of the season. Tet lasts ten days. The first three days are the most important. Vietnamese people believe that how people act during those days will influence the whole year. As a result, they make every effort to avoid arguments and smile as much as possible. 1/ Tet is also called Lunar New Year. 2/Tet usually occurs in late January or early February. 3/VietNamese people make preparations for Tet several months beborehand. 4/On New Year’s Eve people usually stay awake untl midnight. 3. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the words in the box: (1m) preparations holiday bought on relatives Christmas is the biggest (1) holiday of the year in most of Britain. Celebrations start (2) ...............24 December. The Christmas Eve, although there have been several weeks of 6
(3) .................. beforehand. The Christmas trees, presents, food, drinks and decorations have been sent Christmas cards have been (5) .............. to friends. 4. Read this text and tick True or False and answer the questions:(1,5ms) London is Britain’s biggest city. It is very old city and dates back to the Romans. It is city of historic buildings and churches, and it has many beautiful parks. It also has some of the best museums in the world. London is very crowed in summer. It is popular city with foreign tourists, and has more than eight million visitors a year. The city is famous for its shopping and department stores. London has excellent underground railway system, so it is easy for tourist to get around. In London, there are plenty of good restaurant where you can get excellent British food. The city is also has lots of good Indian, Chinese, Japanese, French, Italian, and Greek restaurants. * Choose T/F 0. ..T.. None of the cities in Britain is bigger than London. a…....... You can’t get Chinese food in London b.. ....... London has historic building and churches. c. ....... Most of the best museum in the world are situated in London. *. Answer the questions: a. What is London famous for?.................................................................................. b. Is London busy in the summer?................................................................................... c. How can tourists get around the city?............................................................................ IV. Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentences printed before it. 1. Is it all right if I take some photograph?  Would you mind _______________________________________________? 2. We like this place,” the tourist said.  The tourist said ___________________________________________ 3. She invited me to the party.  I ____________________________________________________________ 4. I started playing the piano two years ago.  I have ________________________________ 5. John said, “Is Phong Nha Cave in Southern Viet Nam, Nhi?”  John asked ___________________________________________________ 6. This question is difficult to understand  It’s _________________________________________________________ 7. Many people speak English in the world  English _____________________________________________________ 8. Shall I carry your luggage?  Would ______________________________________________________? 9. The film was so boring.  We were ____________________________________________________________ 10. Where is the station?  He asked me __________________________________________________________ 7
11. The last time I played tennis was in 1990.  I haven’t ___________________________________________________________ 12. Clement Clark Moore wrote the poem in 1832.  The poem _________________________________________________________ V. VOCABULARY AN DSTRUCTURES: A. Underline the correct words: 1. Ben writes very quickly. He’s ……………..his essay. (finish / finishing / to finish / finished). 2. It ‘s a large garden which grown flowers. It’s a……………………garden. (flowers – growing / flower –growing / growing –flowers / growing flower) 3. Do you mind if I…………………..on the music (turn /turning /to turn) 4. The man………………by the window by my uncle. (stand /standing/ stands /stood) 5. It’s difficult……………..that he has failed the exam. (believing /believe /to believe /believed) 6. Farmers collect household and garden wastes to make……………………….(pipes / floor covering / glassware / compose) 7. The Pyramids of Cheops is one of seven………………………..of the world. (temples/ wonders/ landmarks/ pyramids) 8. We……………………dinner when the phone rang. (had /are having /have had /were having) 9. The heads ……………..four American presidents are carved into the rock. (for /on/ about / of) 10. You are always……………………..in class. (talking/ talks/ talked/ talk) 11. The sights are very beautiful. Would you mind if I ………………..some photos? (take/ takes/ took/ taken) 12. I want to post some letters, but I don’t know how……………..to the post office. (to get/ got/ getting/ get) 13. Minh always studies hard so as to………………the next semester. (pass/ passing/ to pass/passed) 14. Peter’s family wanted to enjoy fresh air, so they decided………………..to the countryside. (going/ go /went/ to go) 15. It is a large garden which grows flowers. It ‘s a……………………..garden. (flowers growing / flower growing / growing –flowers/ growing flower) 16. The telephone………………….by A.G. Bell in 1876. (invented/ inventing/ was invented/ was inventing) 17. “Do you know Ha Long Bay?” > Tam asked Lien ……………..she knew Ha Long Bay. (when /why/ where/ whether) 18. My students speak English very fluently because they ……………………English since 2000. (has learnt/ have learnt/ have been learnt/ have learned) 19. Calm …………..and tell me what happened? (in/ on/ down/ up) 20. ……………is a long thin piece of cloth or paper used for tying round and protecting the wound. (water pack /bandage/ blanket/ wheelchair) 8
21. Tea leaves ……………..to wrap food. (should use / should to be using/ should be used/ use) 22. Would you mind if I ……………the door? (closing/ to close/ closed/ close) 23. At nine o’clock yesterday, I ……………TV (was watching/ were watching/ watched/ was watched) 24. Will you come ……………for dinner one night? (on/ out/ in /over) 25. She likes reading books ……………….by Jack London. (writes/ wrote/ writing/ written) 26. Vietnam is a ………………….country. (rice exports/ rice –exporting/ exports –rice/ exportingrice) VI.READING. A. Fill in the gaps with words given from the box. Send / information / convenient/ computer/ difficult / become. Needless to say, computers play an important part in our life nowadays. It’s(1) ……………………………………to carry on our work without computers nowadays. For examples, (2)………………………are necessary in university library. All the (3) …………………normally found in a library is now stored in computers. This is very (4) ……………………for students because they can(5)………………………..message and receive information without having to leave to computers. Access to the computers has now (6)………………….students’need. B. Read And Answer The Questions . The second Sunday in May is Mother’s day. It is the public holiday in both Britain and America. On that way, children send Mother’s day cards to their mothers. They give their mothers flowers or sweets as presents. Fathers and children do cooking so that mothers can have a rest. In the USA, Mother’ s day started in 1860s. there was a small town called Prumty town in the middle of the USA. People n the town fought against each other during the war. After the war, they hated each other. Mrs. Ann Reeves Janis wanted people to make friends with each other again. So she started Mother’s Frienship Day. All that day, she invited all the mothers in the town and said: “let us be friends with each other again”. Her idea is succeeded. The same things happened in other parts of the country. After she died, she daughter carried on her idea. In 1908, “Mother’s friendship Day” became “Mother’s day”. *Questions: 1. What do children do on Mother’s day? …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Which town was Mother’s day born? …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. What did Mrs. Ann Reeves Janis want people to do? …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
C .Match the correct case to the following treatment: 1. Fainting: a. stop the bleeding, then cover it with a bandage and take him to the nearest hospital. 2. Bad cut: b. ease the pain with ice or cold water packs then cover it with a thick sterile dressing. 3. Burn: c. leave the patient lying flat and do not get him cold, then give him a hot drink. 4. Shock: d. give him some medicated oil, take him to the nearest clinic. 5. Bee sting: e. don’t overheat the victim with blankets and don’t give him any food or drink 1…………….. 2……………. 3…………….. 4…………….. 5………………. VII .WRITING: A.Rewrite sentences: 1.“I can do this exercise” Nam said. > Nam said ……………………………………………………………………………………… 2. “Is Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia?” > He asked me whether………………………………………………………………………… 3. Bell invented the telephone in 1867. >The telephone.……………………………………………………………………………….... 4. May I ask you a question? > Would you mind if…………………………………………………………………………… 5.Nhi said: “I am going to visit Hoi An now” >Nhi said that…………………………………………………………………………………… 6.They have already finished their work as requested >Their work.…………………………………………………………………………………… 7. The tourist asked: “Is Phong Nha cave in Quang Binh , Nga?” > The tourist asked Nga.……………………………………………………………………… 8. Vietnam is a country which exports a lot of rice. > Vietnam is a……………………………………………………………….………….country. B. Rewrite these sentences : (1,0m) 1. Nam has decorated his bedroom brightly. > Nam’s bed room.............................................................................. 2. Being able to live in a clean environment is lucky. > It is………………………………………………………………… 3. The last time I saw him was in 1993 > I haven’t...................................................................................... ..... 4. “ Do you like milk ?” He asked Hoa. > ......................................................................................................... VIII. Choose the correct word 1. I can't decide…………………… to apply this program or not. 10
A. where B. whether C. what D. how 2. Sue had her brother……………. her bike. A. fix B. fixing C. to fix D. fixed 3. Ian ……………… in Scotland for ten years. Now he lives in London. A. has been living B. lives C. was living D. has lived 4. ……………….a computer when you was living in the country? A. Do you have B. Did you have C. Have you had D. Were you having 5. Ben writes very quickly. He's …………….. finished his essay. A. for B. been C. already D. yet 6. That printer is………………………guarantee so the company will repair it. A. under B. in C. of D. on 7. Do you know where …………………? "No, he didn't say." A. Tom went B. has Tom gone C. Did Tom go D. Tom has gone 8. "I don't believe in ghost." "……………………" A. Neither do I. B. I do, too. C. So do I. D. I do either 9. Let's ................ to our teacher's office. A. going B. go C. does D. went 10. We didn't know what ............. next. A. doing B. do C. to do D. done 11. If you do not go, neither……………. I. A. shall B. do C. shan't D. won't 12. My house.................... in 1998. A.build B. built C. were build D. was built 13. This is the boy............. Tim. A. called B. calls C. calling D. call 14. This cake tastes……………… A. terribly B. terrible C. well D. badly 15. The question sounds very ……………….. A. ease B. easily C. easy D. at ease The end! 11