Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 1: The first humans (Prehistory-3500 B.C.)

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The first humanlike creatures appeared in Africa four million years ago. Early humans left no written records. Without such records, archaeologists and anthropologists have had to rely on fossils, artifacts, and skeletal remains to develop theories about their lives. Researchers have concluded that the earliest humans lived as hunters and gatherers and focused on basic needs. Only millions of years later did they develop the skills and tools necessary to engage in agriculture and to build the first civilizations. The topics discussed in this chapter are early humans and the neolithic revolution.

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Nội dung Text: Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 1: The first humans (Prehistory-3500 B.C.)

Chapter Introduction Section 1: Early Humans Section 2: The Neolithic Revolution Visual Summary
What is civilization? These cave paintings in Lascaux, France, illustrate the animals early people hunted 17,000 years ago during the Ice Age. Images like these give us glimpses into the life of early humans. In this chapter, you will learn how humans gradually shifted from temporary to permanent settlements and began establishing civilizations. • How do you think the first humans got their food? • How would you define civilization?
Early Humans What important developments took place in the Paleolithic Age?
The Neolithic Revolution and the Rise of Civilization How does agriculture affect our society?
The BIG Idea Physical Geography Human life developed in different stages over millions of years, and by 10,000 B.C., Homo sapiens sapiens had spread throughout the world.
Content Vocabulary • prehistory • hominid • archaeology • Australopithecus • artifact • Homo sapiens sapiens • anthropology • “out-of-Africa” theory • fossil Academic Vocabulary • theory • survive
People and Places • Olduvai Gorge • Paleolithic Age
Do you agree that we have more to learn about our society by understanding early humans? A. Yes B. No A. A B. B 0% 0%
Before History Scientists use fossils and artifacts as clues to how early humans lived.
Before History (cont.) • Prehistory is the time before writing was developed. • Archaeology is the study of past societies through the analysis of artifacts such as tools, weapons, art, buildings. • Anthropology is the study of human life and culture. • Anthropologists use artifacts and fossils to create a picture of peoples’ everyday lives.
Before History (cont.) • Methods of dating fossils and artifacts: – Radiocarbon dating – Thermo-luminescence – Microscopic and biological analysis Archaeological Finds
On which of the following fossils would radiocarbon dating be useful? A. Dinosaurs B. Humans C. Tools A. A B. B D. Rocks C. C D. D
Early Development Using remains and technology, scientists identify important stages in human development.
Early Development (cont.) • Hominids are the earliest humanlike creatures that first appeared in Africa four million years ago and slowly changed over time. • Skeletal remains were found by Louis and Mary Leakey at Olduvai Gorge in 1959.
Early Development (cont.) • Types of early hominids: – Australopithecus: • “southern ape” • one example was named "Lucy" • approximately 3.5 million years old
Early Development (cont.) – Homo habilis: • “handy human” • lived 2.5 to 1.6 million years ago • larger brain • may have used stone tools