Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 7: Early African civilizations (2000 B.C.-A.D. 1500)

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In Africa, as in other parts of the world, civilization emerged in areas where farming was mastered. Some African civilizations later became wealthy by trading ivory, gold, iron, salt, and other goods. Migration and the spread of Islam were also important in the development of African societies.

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Nội dung Text: Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 7: Early African civilizations (2000 B.C.-A.D. 1500)

Chapter Introduction Section 1: Development of African Civilizations Section 2: Kingdoms and States of Africa Section 3: African Society and Culture Visual Summary
How does the environment impact where we live? Mali’s Bandiagara escarpment is a sandstone cliff that rises about 1640 feet (500 m) above sand flats. When the Tellem built houses in the cliffs, they probably used vines to reach them. Over the years the climate has changed, and drought has reduced the vegetation. Today the Dogon people farm and live above or below the cliffs. In this chapter you will learn about Africa’s civilizations. • Why might people choose not to live in existing houses? • What types of natural disasters destroy housing in the United States?
Development of African Civilizations What geographic factors do you think affected the development of African civilizations?
Kingdoms and States of Africa What do you think were key factors in the strength of early African kingdoms?
African Society and Culture What other cultures do you think influenced African culture?
The BIG Idea Physical Geography The widely varied geography of Africa influenced its culture and trade.
Content Vocabulary • plateau • savanna Academic Vocabulary • so-called • resources
People and Places • Sahara • Nubia • Great Rift Valley • Kushites • Congo River • Ethiopia • Kalahari Desert • King ‘Ezānā
The landforms and climate zones of a region are the most important influences on how people live. A. Agree B. Disagree A. A B. B 0% 0%
The Impact of Geography Africa includes a wide variety of landforms and a number of different climate zones that have influenced its history and culture.
The Impact of Geography (cont.) • Landforms of Africa: – In the north, mountains run along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile River empties into the Mediterranean, and the Sahara is the largest desert in the world. – The so-called hump of Africa extends to the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Here the Sahara gradually gives way to grasslands, while the coastal regions are mostly tropical jungles.
The Impact of Geography (cont.) – Eastern Africa has a unique terrain of mountains, upland plateaus, and lakes. The Great Rift Valley contains mountains overlooking deep canyons. Wildlife is abundant in this region. – In the south, the mighty Congo River waters the Congo Basin, an area of lush vegetation. These tropical jungles gradually fade into the plateaus and deserts, such as the Kalahari, that dominate the south.
The Impact of Geography (cont.) • Africa has four distinct climate zones: – Mild climate of the north: 10% – Sahara and Kalahari Deserts: 40% – Rain forest: 10% – Savannas: 40% Climate Zones and Geography of Africa
In which region of Africa would you find lakes such as Victoria, Albert, Tanganyika, and Malawi? A. North B. East A. A C. West B. B D. South 0% C. 0% C0% 0% D. D
Emerging Civilizations and Religions Kush and Axum arose as strong early civilizations. Later, Islam would influence Africa.
Emerging Civilizations and Religions (cont.) • The Agricultural Revolution gave rise to the African civilizations of Egypt, Kush, and Axum. • By 2000 B.C., Egyptian traders were traveling to Nubia to acquire ivory, ebony, and leopard skins. • Around 1000 B.C., Nubia became the state of Kush. The Kingdoms of Kush and Axum