OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide- P1

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OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide- P1: There is high demand for professionals in the information technology (IT) industry, and Oracle certifications are the hottest credential in the database world. You have made the right decision to pursue certification, because being Oracle Database 11g certified will give you a distinct advantage in this highly competitive market.

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Covers Both the 1Z0-051 and 1Z0-052 Exams! Includes Real-World Scenarios, Hands-On Exercises, and Leading-Edge Exam Prep Software Featuring: • Custom Test Engine • Hundreds of Sample Questions • Electronic Flashcards for PCs, Pocket PCs, and Palm Handhelds • Entire Book in PDF OCA Oracle Database 11g ® Administrator Certiﬁed Associate STUDY GUIDE Exams 1Z0-051 Biju Thomas and 1Z0-052 SERIOUS SKILLS.
OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide 1Z0-051 Exam Objectives Objective chapter retrieving Data Using the SQL SeLect Statement List the capabilities of SQL SELECT statements 1 Execute a basic SELECT statement 1 restricting and Sorting Data Limit the rows that are retrieved by a query 1 Sort the rows that are retrieved by a query 1 Use ampersand substitution to restrict and sort output at runtime 1 Using Single-row Functions to customize Output Describe various types of functions available in SQL 2 Use character, number, and date functions in SELECT statements 2 Using conversion Functions and conditional expressions Describe various types of conversion functions that are available in SQL 2 Use the TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER, and TO_DATE conversion functions 2 Apply conditional expressions in a SELECT statement 2 reporting aggregated Data Using the Group Functions Identify the available group functions 3 Describe the use of group functions 3 Group data by using the GROUP BY clause 3 Include or exclude grouped rows by using the HAVING clause 3 Displaying Data from Multiple tables Write SELECT statements to access data from more than one table using 4 equijoins and nonequijoins Join a table to itself by using a self-join 4 View data that generally does not meet a join condition by using outer joins 4 Generate a Cartesian product of all rows from two or more tables 4 Using Subqueries to Solve Queries Define subqueries 4 Describe the types of problems that the subqueries can solve 4 List the types of subqueries 4 Write single-row and multiple-row subqueries 4 Exam specifications and content are subject to change at any time without prior notice and at Oracle’s sole discretion. Please visit Oracle’s website ( http:// education.oracle.com) for the most current information on their exam content.
Objective chapter Using the Set Operators Describe set operators 4 Use a set operator to combine multiple queries into a single query 4 Control the order of rows returned 4 Manipulating Data Describe each data manipulation language (DML) statement 5 Insert rows into a table 5 Update rows in a table 5 Delete rows from a table 5 Control transactions 5 Using DDL Statements to create and Manage tables Categorize the main database objects 6 Review the table structure 6 List the data types that are available for columns 6 Create a simple table 6 Explain how constraints are created at the time of table creation 6 Describe how schema objects work 6 creating Other Schema Objects Create simple and complex views 7 Retrieve data from views 7 Create, maintain, and use sequences 7 Create and maintain indexes 7 Create private and public synonyms 7 1Z0-052 Exam Objectives Objective chapter exploring the Oracle Database architecture Explain the Memory Structures 8 Describe the Process Structures 8 Overview of Storage Structures 8 preparing the Database environment Identify the tools for Administering an Oracle Database 8 Plan an Oracle Database installation 8 Install the Oracle software by using Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) 8
Objective chapter creating an Oracle Database Create a database by using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) 9 Managing the Oracle instance Setting database initialization parameters 9 Describe the stages of database startup and shutdown 9 Using alert log and trace files 9 Using data dictionary and dynamic performance views 9 configuring the Oracle Network environment Configure and Manage the Oracle Network 11 Using the Oracle Shared Server architecture 11 Managing Database Storage Structures Overview of tablespace and datafiles 10 Create and manage tablespaces 10 Space management in tablespaces 10 administering User Security Create and manage database user accounts 12 Grant and revoke privileges 12 Create and manage roles 12 Create and manage profiles 12 Managing Schema Objects Create and Modify tables 10 Manage Constraints 10 Create indexes 10 Create and use temporary tables 10 Managing Data and concurrency Manage data using DML 13 Identify and administer PL/SQL objects 13 Monitor and resolve locking conflicts 13 Managing Undo Data Overview of Undo 13 Transactions and undo data 13 Managing undo 13 implementing Oracle Database Security Database Security and Principle of Least Privilege 12 Work with Standard Database Auditing 12 Exam specifications and content are subject to change at any time without prior notice and at Oracle’s sole discretion. Please visit Oracle’s website ( http:// education.oracle.com) for the most current information on their exam content.
Objective chapter Database Maintenance Use and manage optimizer statistics 14 Use and manage Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) 14 Use advisory framework 14 Manage Alerts and Thresholds 14 performance Management Use Automatic Memory Management 14 Use Memory Advisors 14 Troubleshoot invalid and unusable objects 14 intelligent infrastructure enhancements Use the Enterprise Manager Support Workbench 17 Managing Patches 17 backup and recovery concepts Identify the types of failure that can occur in an Oracle database 16 Describe ways to tune instance recovery 16 Identify the importance of checkpoints, redo log files, and archived log files 15 Overview of flash recovery area 15 Configure ARCHIVELOG mode 15 performing Database backups Create consistent database backups 15 Back up your database without shutting it down 15 Create incremental backups 15 Automate database backups 15 Manage backups, view backup reports and monitor the flash recovery area 15 performing Database recovery Overview of Data Recovery Advisor 16 Use Data Recovery Advisor to Perform recovery (Control file, Redo log file, 16 and Data file) Moving Data Describe and use methods to move data (Directory objects, SQL*Loader, 17 External Tables) Explain the general architecture of Oracle Data Pump 17 Use Data Pump Export and Import to move data between Oracle databases 17
OCA Oracle Database 11g ® Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide
OCA Oracle Database 11g ® Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide Biju Thomas
Disclaimer: This eBook does not include ancillary media that was packaged with the printed version of the book. Acquisitions Editor: Jeff Kellum Development Editor: Denise Santoro Lincoln Technical Editors: Arup Nanda and Bob Bryla Production Editor: Eric Charbonneau Copy Editor: Kim Wimpsett Production Manager: Tim Tate Vice President and Executive Group Publisher: Richard Swadley Vice President and Publisher: Neil Edde Media Project Manager 1: Laura Moss-Hollister Media Associate Producer: Josh Frank Media Quality Assurance: Kit Malone Book Designer: Judy Fung Compositor: Craig Johnson, Happenstance Type-O-Rama Proofreader: Candace English Indexer: Ted Laux Project Coordinator, Cover: Lynsey Stanford Cover Designer: Ryan Sneed Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN: 978-0-470-39512-7 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permis- sions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Web site is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Web site may provide or recommendations it may make. Fur- ther, readers should be aware that Internet Web sites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (877) 762-2974, outside the U.S. at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Thomas, Biju. OCA : Oracle database 11g administrator certified associate study guide (1Z0-051 and 1Z0-052) / Biju Thomas. — 1st ed. p. cm. ISBN 978-0-470-39512-7 (paper/cd-rom) 1. Electronic data processing personnel—Certification. 2. Database management—Examinations—Study guides. 3. Oracle (Computer file) I. Title. QA76.3.T5136 2009 005.75’75—dc22 2008052085 TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Dear Reader, Thank you for choosing OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide (1ZO-051 and 1ZO-052). This book is part of a family of premium-quality Sybex books, all of which are written by outstanding authors who combine practical experience with a gift for teaching. Sybex was founded in 1976. More than thirty years later, we’re still committed to produc- ing consistently exceptional books. With each of our titles we’re working hard to set a new standard for the industry. From the paper we print on, to the authors we work with, our goal is to bring you the best books available. I hope you see all that reflected in these pages. I’d be very interested to hear your com- ments and get your feedback on how we’re doing. Feel free to let me know what you think about this or any other Sybex book by sending me an email at nedde@wiley.com, or if you think you’ve found a technical error in this book, please visit http://sybex.custhelp.com. Customer feedback is critical to our efforts at Sybex. Best regards, Neil Edde Vice President and Publisher Sybex, an Imprint of Wiley
To the loving memory of my father To Joshua and Jeanette
Acknowledgments Thanks first to Jeff Kellum and to Sybex for their faith in me to write this book. I would also like to thank the following wonderful people at Sybex for their support, patience with my slipping schedules, and good work: Denise Santoro Lincoln (developmental editor) for her valuable comments, thoughtful edits, patience, and making sure the chapters have a smooth flow; Eric Charbonneau (production editor) for making sure the various pieces of the book tie together; Candace English for proofreading; and Pete Gaughan for managing the project. I thank Kim Wimpsett (copy editor) for her edits and making sure the same standard is followed across the book. I’m sure her edits made a difference to the look and feel of the chap- ters. I also thank Sybex and authors of the Introduction to Oracle9i SQL and Oracle Data- base 10g Administration I study guides for letting me reuse content from their books. I am very fortunate and honored to have Arup Nanda as the technical editor. Thank you very much for all your valuable suggestions and for pointing out the errors and inaccuracies in the book. Your comments are invaluable. Thank you, Bob Bryla, for tech-reviewing the book and making sure the chapters are technically accurate. I could not have completed this book without the endless support and love of my wife, Shiji. Thank you for engaging and taking care of the kids while I spent nights and weekends in front of the computer. Last but not least, I thank all my colleagues and management at OneNeck IT Services for their friendship and support. My special thanks to Joe Hanna for all the encouragement.
About the Author Biju Thomas is an Oracle 7.3, Oracle8, Oracle8i, Oracle9i, Oracle 10g, and Oracle 11g OCP certified professional. He is also a certified Oracle Database SQL Expert. Biju has been devel- oping and administering Oracle databases since 1993, starting with Oracle version 6. He is a senior database consultant at OneNeck IT Services Corporation (www.oneneck.com) and resides in Keller, Texas. He maintains a website for DBAs at www.bijoos.com/oracle.
Contents at a Glance Introduction xxv SQL Fundamentals I Assessment Test xxxv Administration I Assessment Test li Part I Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I 1 Chapter 1 Introducing SQL 3 Chapter 2 Using Single-Row Functions 63 Chapter 3 Using Group Functions 147 Chapter 4 Using Joins and Subqueries 197 Chapter 5 Manipulating Data 251 Chapter 6 Creating Tables and Constraints 287 Chapter 7 Creating Schema Objects 341 Part II Oracle Database 11g: Administration I 389 Chapter 8 Introducing Oracle Database 11g Components and Architecture 391 Chapter 9 Creating an Oracle 11g Database 449 Chapter 10 Allocating Database Storage and Creating Schema Objects 523 Chapter 11 Understanding Network Architecture 591 Chapter 12 Implementing Security and Auditing 661 Chapter 13 Managing Data and Undo 717 Chapter 14 Maintaining the Database and Managing Performance 765 Chapter 15 Implementing Database Backups 839 Chapter 16 Recovering the Database 889 Chapter 17 Moving Data and Using EM Tools 935 Appendix About the Companion CD 1003 Glossary 1007 Index 1029