Tiếng Trung Cho người mới bắt đầu học

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Những người chưa biết gì về tiếng Trung Quốc khi bắt đầu theo học sẽ được giáo viên dạy cho phần phiên âm (pinyin) trong khoảng hai đến ba buổi đầu. Sau đó để kịp tiến độ theo đúng kế hoạch giảng dạy mà trung tâm đề ra thì những bài tiếp theo phải được dạy và học với tốc độ chóng mặt …

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Nội dung Text: Tiếng Trung Cho người mới bắt đầu học

Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 中文 "ZHONGWEN" CHINESE MADE FUN ...AND EASY AS... 一二三! Anne Bingham 白老师双语班纽约长岛十峰中文学校 2003-2004 1
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic In order to start speaking Chinese, you'll first need to know how to make the sounds. There are four tones in Chinese. The first is level. The second is rising. The third is dipping. The fourth is falling. Please note: "a" makes the sound of someone getting their throat checked. "o" makes the sound of "floor" with a heavy LI accent "i" makes the "ee" sound except after zh,ch,shi and ri. "ei" makes the "ei" in eight sound "u" makes the sounds of "oo" in boo "u" makes a tight, curled "eeww" sound. 2
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Names of Basic Strokes: 一, 六, 大 1. heng 十, 中, 上 2. shu 小, 六 3. dian 文, 人, 大 4. pie 八, 人 5. na 红, 我, 江 6. ti 你, 字 7. heng gou 小, 你 8. shu gou 我 9. xie gou 了 10. wan gou 白 11. heng zhe 叫 12. shu zhe 水 13. heng pie 很 14. shu ti CSL-2 Will only be tested on the stroke names up to this point but should be familiar and recognize the remaining stroke names below. Possibly an extra credit question on final?! 四 15. shu wan 云 16. pie zhe 3
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 女 17. pie dian 卫 18. heng zhe gou 见 19. shu wan gou 鸟 20. shu zhe zhe gou 这 21. heng zhe zhe pie heng pie wan gou 那 22. 九 23. heng zhe wan gou heng zhe zhe zhe gou 奶 24. Stroke Order 下十 First across and then down. 人天 First slant down left then right. 三足 Start at the top and work down 红你 First left then right 4
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 月肉 First outside/then inside 山这 First inside then outside 小水 First middle then two sides 日四 First what's inside a "box" then close it up Colors: 颜色=Yanse Please learn how to say and recognize the following in Chinese: 黑色 heise black 白色 baise white 红色 hongse red 黄色 huangse yellow 蓝色 lanse blue 绿色 luse green 灰色 huise grey Sentence Patterns: 你最喜欢什么颜色? Ni zui xihuan shenme yanse? What's your favorite color? 我最喜欢蓝色. Wo zui xihuan lanse. My favorite color is blue. F.Y.I. may be an extra credit question. 粉红 fenhongse pink 5
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 棕色 zongse brown 紫色 zise purple 橙黄色 chenghuangese orange Meats/Seafood Please learn how to say and recognize the following in Chinese: 鸡肉 jirou chicken 牛肉 niu rou beef 猪肉 pork zhu rou 羊肉 lamb yang rou 鱼 yu 虾 xia shrimp 龙虾 longxia lobster 6
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic THIS PATTERN is fun and EASY TO LEARN TRY IT! "Ni xiang chi shenme rou? Ni yao bu yao chi yu?" 你想吃什么肉? 你要不要吃鱼? "What kind of meat would you like to eat. Do you want to have fish?" Earth Elements 金 jin gold 火 huo fire 木 mu wood 土 tu dirt,earth 7
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 水 shui water 地理 Dili Geography 山 shan mountain 火山 huoshan volcano 湖 hu lake 河 he river 森林 senlin forest 海 hai ocean 沙漠 sha mo desert 田地 tiandi farmland 农村 nongcun countryside 旷野 kuangye fields Sentence Patterns: 中国和美国都有森林和沙漠. Zhongguo he meiguo dou you shenlin he shamo. Both the US and China have forests and deserts. 中国有火山吗? Zhongguo you huoshan ma? Does China have volcanoes? 8
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 方向 Directions - Fangxiang 东 dong east 南 nan south 西 xi west 北 bei north The above can be followed with "fang" "bian" or "bu" 方边部 which are all variations of place/side/section. Sentence Pattern: 中国的山东省在哪儿? Where is China's Shandong Province? zhongguo de shandong sheng zai nar? 中国的山东省是在中国的东北部. It's in northeast China. zhongguo de shandong sheng shi zai zhongguo de dong bei bu. 9
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Front/Back/Left/Right 后 hou=back, rear 左右 zuo=left you=right 前 * qian=front *This represents a front view Qian/hou is usually proceeded by zai 在: 他在前面看书. He's in the front reading.. "Ta zai qian mian kan shu ." 他住在学校的右边 . "Ta zhu zai xuexiao de youbian. "He lives to the right of the school." 10
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 季节 jijie seasons 春天 chuntian Spring 夏天 xiatian Summer 秋天 qiutian Fall 冬天 dongtian Winter 你 Sentence Pattern: Ni zui xihuan shenme jijie? 最喜欢什么季节? What's your favorite season? 11
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Clothing:Yifu 衣服帽子 maozi hat 毛衣 maoyi sweater 大衣 dayi coat 雨衣 yu yi rain coat 内衣 neiyi under clothes 衬衫 chenshan dress shirt 裤子 kuzi trousers/pants 短裤 duanku shorts 袜子 wazi socks 鞋子 xiezi shoes 书包 shubao bookbag 皮包 pibao leather purse 钱包 qian bao wallet Sentence Pattern: Ni de yifu zai nar mai de? 你的衣服在哪儿买的? Where'd you buy your clothes? 12
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 水果 Shuiguo 苹果 ping guo apple 香蕉 xiang jiao banana 橙子 cheng zi orange 葡萄 pu tao grapes 西瓜 xi gua watermelon 草莓 cao mei strawberry 桃子 tao zi peach 芒果 mang guo mango 菠萝 boluo pineapple 樱桃 ying tao cherry Sentence Pattern: Wo jiejie ai chi xigua. 我姐姐爱吃西瓜. My sister loves watermelon. 13
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Things in the Sky 太阳 taiyang sun 月亮 yueliang moon 星星 xingxing star 地球 diqiu Earth 云 yun clouds 行星 xingxing planet 星系 xingxi solar system Sentence Pattern: Tian shang you yueliang he xing xing. Yueliang liang liang de xing xing shan shan de. 天上有月亮和星星. 月亮亮亮的...星星闪闪的. The moon and stars are in the sky. The moon is bright and the stars twinkle. 14
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Vehicles 汽车 qiche car 自行车 zi xing che bike 公共汽车 gong gong qi che bus 火车 huo che train 飞机 feiji airplane 船 chuan boat 小划船 xiao hua chuan row boat 轮船 lun chuan ship 救护车 jiu hu che ambulance 救火车 jiu huo che fire engine Sentence pattern: Ni hui bu hui kai che? Do you know how to drive a car? 你会不会开车? Ni de feiji piao yijing mai le mei you? 你的飞机票已经买了没有? Did you buy your plane ticket yet? 15
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 感情 GanQing/Thoughts/Feelings 高兴 gaoxing happy! 不高兴 bu gaoxing not happy, upset 希望 xiwang hope, wish 失望 shiwang disappointed, let down 记得 ji de remember, recall 忘了 wang le forget, forgot 想 xiang miss 怕 pa scared, afraid 生气 shengqi angry, mad 着急 zhaoji nervous, worried Sentence Patterns 今天是她的生日. 她很高兴. Jintian shi ta de shengri. Ta hen gaoxing. Today is her birthday. She is very happy. 他叫什么名字? 我忘. Ta jiao shenme mingzi? Wo wang le. What is his name? I forgot it. 他不会游泳. 他害怕. Ta bu hui you yong. Ta pa shui. He doesn't know how to swim. He's afraid. 别着急...我们会想办法. Bie zhaoji...women hui xiang banfa. Don't worry...we'll find a way. 16
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Let's Start Talking Chinese! 你好! 你叫什么名字? 你多大? 你有什么爱好? ni hao! ni jiao shenme mingzi? ni duo da? ni you shenme ai hao? 你喜欢运动吗? 你喜欢看电影吗? ni xihuan yundong ma? Ni xihuan kan dianying ma? 你喜欢音乐吗?你喜欢做什么? ni xihuan yinyue ma? nixihuan zuo shenme? 你忙不忙? 你饿不饿? 你累不累? ni mang bu mang? ni e bu e? ni lei bu lei? 你今天要/想做什么? ni jintian yao/xiang zuo shenme? 你喜欢学中文吗? 难不难学? ni xihuan xue zhongwen ma? nan bu nan? 你会不会写字? ni hui bu hui xie? 你要不要到我家来玩? ni yao bu yao dao wo jia lai wan? 请你到我家吃饭, 好不好? qing ni dao wo jia chi fan hao bu hao? 好! 谢谢! 什么时候? 几点钟? hao! xie xie! shenme shihou? jidian zhong? 你喜欢吃什么? 你喜欢吃中国菜吗? ni xihuan chi shenme? ni xihuan chi zhongguo cai ma? 17
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic 天气 Weather tianqi 下雨 Rain xia yu 下雪 Snow xiaxue 晴朗 Sunny/clear qinglang 冷 cold leng 热 hot re 大风 windy da feng 狂风暴雨 storm kuangfengdayu Sentence pattern: 今天的天气很好...很晴朗. Jintian de tianqi hen haoi...hen qinglang. The weather is really nice (sunny and clear) today. 北京的冬天很冷.Beijing de dontian hen leng. Beijing winter's are cold. 夏天天气很热. Xiatian tianqi hen re .It's hot in the summer. 18
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Foods: 茶 cha tea 牛奶 niunai (cow's) milk 鸡蛋 jidan eggs 面包 mianbao bread 面条 miantiao noodles 炒面 chaomian fried noodles 蔬菜 shucai vegetables 米饭 mifan rice 汤 tang soup 包子 baozi steamed bun 肉包 roubao meat bun 点心 dianxin dessert Sentence: 这个菜很好吃...很新鲜. 我吃得很饱, 谢谢! zhege cai hen hao chi. hen xinxian. wo chi de hen bao xie,xie! This is delicious...very fresh. I'm very full...thank you. 19
Đào Ngọ c Sắc 0984464415 Beginning Chinese Basic Basic Grammar Patterns: 是我是老师. Wo shi laoshi. shi I am the teacher. 们我们, 你们, 他们 women, nimen, tamen men 你们是学生. Nimen shi xuesheng You are the students. 的他是我的同学.Ta shi wo de tongxue. de He's my classmate. 比我比他大. bi Wo bi ta da. (noun) zai (place) (verb) 他在美国学中文. 我们在饭店吃饭. 他在国图书馆看书. (noun) shi zai (place) (verb) de. 这本书是在中国买的. 他是在上海学的. 我是在北京来的. Common Verbs: 20

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