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Toán học và tuổi trẻ Số 152 (6/1986)

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Dưới đây là tài liệu Toán học và tuổi trẻ Số 152 (6/1986). Mời các bạn tham khảo tài liệu để bổ sung thêm kiến thức về ứng dụng của tích ngoài hai véctơ trong hình học phẳng. Đặc biệt, trong phần Toán học và đời sống kỳ này sẽ giới thiệu về cách tìm đường đi dài nhất.

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Nội dung Text: Toán học và tuổi trẻ Số 152 (6/1986)

  1. vY t. vI$N :KEoa ,IrQ.qltl ' /r$r rer " ,.;: e0r ro.&N' :,r'}e'e'-r.. VIET'NIA}I::"l." ! , 1986 .+ ,." i t l \ , sd 152. sac RA rrAl 'rEANs nnGs !(? I&ag }idn f Sp : Ngug6n C,inb To*s 'Tru s&: ?8 TrIn tlung Bao -- t{} NOi Phl tdng biilx tQp I I{gO Sqt ?ri' .a Drly ndi: 52BZS I .$ 'fr\ - InONC b$i r,dy. ain ri€p ,u, giO, ihiQu tliem ,i. [e, 6] = *[, [c, ol= F[t, bt ' v6i bRn dr,r' r'E ung dgn6 aga tii h ngoii tj-, p,* :bA ' (co thi rrct r,q,p vJi ii*fr ,il,"nngr vro rnc a = -'-[o' (2.) hinh lroe phtng. la. bJ [o, bl t. ye thr?c gita 3 rdcro bdr kr. H0 thrlc (t) rr& nen '['r!.n*y. chring la s€ qui ude b0 g[ d{u mfii - [4, .]q - [e. a.Jo t6n trgn cAe ehfr dnng dB chi vects. Ch&rg :.? bqnp , [e. bl a s€ du$c thav b&ng o, sau khi d& n0i.tru0e hay ld a lA mOl vecl
  2. li.v lA diBu krEn dbng qui eho 3 duOog ihirg rhi (5); (,6i vo (9r. 'a ChuS.l) C6 thb l5-v rlibrrl C liirn g6c e{e ver- 'll' to truQc. Ktri 6y C {} Bi6u i{iQH (10j trr} n6n : "r = lo, lYlf{ rrl -i- [1Y, ujlr, u] : o (rt) Nhin ud tu1ing v0i i, la c6: tj:0) ' [a, cXbl * [u,.oJ(*, bi + [b, cXo, b) 2i N€u rn6i dtiong thirng.duqe x{c e{!nlr'i.,dng ? ili&rn^ tuc n€u oho 3 du*ng itnng it&', BB', Pn.u, ir, t:14 ';ects don vi, [a riuge c&ng lhue CC", thi ta l5v eAtr veeto chi phuur:g la : srn 'i t l3l = *ip:t . *esp -1" ces* . sinil (4) ** A, u * Blt' : B' * JJ, u* rNtl - i '[* do siry ra sIn(* - 9,', trr"(ix t p), cos(z''p),v.r'. I' \Y * CC'-E ci "* C rbi Ap agog t1i0u kr$n (10) 3 4u&ng th&ng, giao dibnr cira &ai dti*rg xDae (Ili' t h&nq. ui b*ring lhiing Ta hfry r6e tlinh rn0t duosg 5. $!ah lj Ceva. thrllg blng cAe ir cha dibir a vii phuong u (iec- Lio tam g,irc 11.8L'. '1'r0n c{rc c4th (.6 ti}B h6o t
  3. t \ 6 Sii to6n 7 /142 crla b6o THVTT rd 5. *r la co: a r 985. ?si = I*r, .arl * [rr. or] * [cr, .0r] + [ar drl bE &rir: -- 'ilren c6.e eqnh e &ri' tu gi6o itri c6 hay l$ r'd)qn ticta S. vb piiis rgtiai. ttr,rng cAc hinh vu6ng. 'IAnr c6c hinh vu0ng d6 tq.o thtrnh m$t tir 6ie€ c6 drsn t-i.ih St Chung minh: . a)si) u: . b). Sr. = 25 ktri vrr "ohi irhi'cie dudng cheo cria ' Lu gjae bair diu bir:g nhan v&, vuOlg g6c vai hhfu. G9rii. ehr; tri gi6c I&i ABCD: Ta gpi ,{d,'Jf, Pr "' O ldn lurTt iu 'c6.*drgng ililrn cria A'8, "BC, aD. D.r, tlai iloqn ,41P ta NQ c0 giao di0ni O nli ta i '.. bi6t l$ trurrg Cidrn *fia rn6i dualr.'lagQi At,4t, ' '(l-t OitAn iuqlt ll tarn cAc hrnlr vuOug dr,rng tr"en Ab. BC, Cli. DA vE phia rigodr. Chgu 0 i&nr g$c cAc r e:lu drBtn. Qhg Icl, riuoer t [u',.u'j 'i- [rr', ro]j * [u,', r'j $ [r,, u]] _: {irj, jil -.)4 (i) lvlat kh;1c n6u ggi rt', B','.C'. ,D- ii ed.e .vecto II l! irh eria t, B, C, $ trong plidp gury g6c -rl2' thi: 'l({r' - r') -(.' * 8' "r.r'-.A' = - ty' I (5, :l(r0' - u') * It' - (j'+-d'* B'.= tfV' I trong d6.11', &" lA c*.c vectu,11, N da quay goc rnc q ;' - :(j'+6,r - - l(c' -r ,.) ; t2 a) Ta lray tirrh 5. N-'= .1 j + c't * (r'+d.) la c): 2I ie, -J- + -+ *& "5 :[o,r , uu) )- [on , ncl TLr ker qu& (5) ra cd: : lfr -;z + , ;fr1 :[ir, u'-r'] * t[N- iy'"-' 4'J * *- -{[rc,rt/,1 -. {lil, f{'L = 4'nf + nt) (6 ='-&.+ [c-1 : Dt]7 Vr.s6u d+t l-l1l: * va l.Vl:1thi i = [2N.u, ?pryJr *IM , M'7 = l*l lE := m?, *" h{,iN'J ll' l? .o lls = = 1:;lI * N, -v - Pl !*y h0 rhue (3) eho tai :,1[.1{ *I{, tr+ffJ :s * ri,y, rYj tt) ho{c d aay. ta.riir& r$ng P x -l[, { = *ff. sr - rlff, Nl * z{.mz + nz) *b) BAy gidr {inh'Sr / hod.o ''Ia L,Iy dat : - ,Si * s[ac, :y]'+ :{s,8 * ,,r) - 4[M, jvj ,{A ? '$,; IIC : 2u, CD = 2w, ltA -* l|, - : 3.s * t(nr3 ,$ rr2 *- 2m^sin01 'I'a ggi u r D', Lt), r' lLul l*gl l&' 6.ntr r:&a c&.e vee la u, u, .r, tr trong pli6p quay rri0t g0c vri0ug Cudi cing tr c0 thb vidt: theo chiEu im. tue *xll. 'ta th5y ring ; - Sr ; :S .1 f{\m * nis ."r.2ann{i; aia$)l (Z) *lI + t1', ,.rn= M *. a, :.: Ur ==_L+ Ot *ff * r' ,u',Ct* _-,Tt h6r qui tie,r, t. -;r..-rrlt lei-ir+o.;;. = tl) -Iai to6r. 2 ,!j s
  4. .l kign \ x|t th6m. Ta hfiy d] het du&ng e heo Nl,dn '\'l tir,gi{r Al$r61Dr "is c6.f{theo.ft} +i tS)i, M{t kh6.e dtBu , eira * A A -d d+..C:=B*De,a P = AtCt: Ct-rt! = -ZU +u,' - &' : kdo lheo i = -2ff.-l:H-=,Iritf *i.{) ,* - q* 8r0t*iDt*pt,:t._2rV*r.._ul -'4 ) sinr{ E sinC = il--:^sin B = sin I_) = -2\, + 2.1r.' = 2(.1{" _ fi) Cho quay * r/'.:. r"t ilugc hay, lr , p'= -liM'- ffi = -s.q'* z(-.ry -,S') = p I l.re. ailj lcn r a) \'65' ta' e6: I )t-* o d a .'{q, b.c [p. p'l * [*p, ql q'} It---lac. a.rl - e . t*e li : ,t lo,t. ttt) lpi' = lci2 = lp, ql t o.tt c.d Kdt luAn Iil: hsi dudng eh4o rlrCi.vA BrDr bing nhau viL vutrng gtrc l*l nhau. 7 B{ii tofin I rbi qudc 16 l9SS. . - o,d [c -.s. a *E 0ril: e ho rr:gt du&ng tr0n tArn & tr6n cqnh :{# brie n:gt tri'gi6c l&i ABCD vA tigp rLre vdi c.0 c 'l ? p .eqnh cdn l4i Chring ntinh rLng n€u tr? gifc ( ta.aJ+[D A] ta, "al*[a, r.]+tc. ril . l--T--= n$i tidp. ta cd ;,lD * gC * AB, 'Gidt. ?a gpi O l oal bc l{ tflm cfia vdng trdn
  5. - Turjn NLm I766 vua Dirc Friedrieh Ihudng Il (m6t *i Tron8 eu6n r'Co hqoc gifii tish D, Yu:! er{n Berlin vd,i. philsE loi to khoe hsc) ,n6i'oU";r; . ntr{r cOng lrinh e6 .S-i6,,"i .eria Lagrangei r{t cl c{e ifrari' ,,,, lo6a figg l6n nh4t chArr.tt ^trr,e;'tOu'leu-, s st * tru.6e d{y v6 giAi rlch?a aqe" ngn irirh ;dy thco d4i nhrirr. Ong d.tserlra ebe "U_g-.U_r, irU mS.[.quaa {i}m th6ng uh{t vA. rfrar Irla, ifre*. -vuai'vi dEa khi vua Irriedrir h m{r ( l7s6) ;A- seu d6 pr_i_.?' ily vige Gng. dgng .Oig-.f,i'pit,p'tinh ui Ong-d& rharn gia vige cir .**t ai ln_0"*.qua tieh phAn euda aAch dA hEo ah[t crri; **o io'.i" ct,inf, ngu1&n lf hhAc n,hau crla co nhiBu suyE.l eicn nr*ng, rr-S thanh g,t; ; j t.,rpog hgc Dav ln *Ot eao ding\s,6 pham nlrn lTgS ;f thdng Igi r-r.rc ro crja gi&i rich ,Ira"",,ir':"^l];i khoa nd m t797. dng m{r n[rn 6 iruOng : 1reof e{c phu.ong ph6p h6e f,qF t..r*..te;1 l8lg" phho m& dtru du6n sach, &ng Aa T;"; " Lagrunge l{ mot lrong nh&ng ngvdi ila ph6t tf"'U*o vi6t trita ptr6p rinh vi rich "phl; b;g? j c0ug.trinh nsy ngLrr!: ra xly dgng ph6p tinh na"v ,n0t uart, o'tlai'rtreo"J .o ge*g th{y bdt I.:oe :,4:e: k} mQt hinh v6 oru, *i.rr; iiayRhdng. thOng n,a" phep tlnh 6ai s6 D. II;".i:,:::s-:o KIrac nnung rsudi di gii -:6. prruong pni n- *,i* o"[ trrr6e ,Lagrange con c6 nh&ng ?.r,"i) 6 ,\6 6;g ru.{r ph6t t* {Neu,ton, l,erbniz, ehu6i 1.a-vtor. Mec eho vige pb6t rriEn Cq; s6 ,.* -s6" d6ng gr p nh{t-Orediilh di phuon;; r,hA['nA-v to ra c6 nhi]u iE,.. aa haa ,";;';; dlra re airfag phrrr:ug ph{p tActr,e$c ::g 1i k.h0flg chu .*i a,:nf **.lo?, eua ghu6i fallr,r, i,ii nO, ,o e0og ,r,ui, ,lri" Osg rd ngh:fnr nfu"ng trinh dai sd va 64s1, ,g,. "6r gili tich vi eo hoc tt[.thric oAr. l!-t.'.:" xt cnung. ];otC[.c nghr6n e r]!u e,.ia 6ng vE e*.e ctlu r"Ac btm s6 *Ot ,.6"*h lruu. ;;; nghirn phuong tuqeg.-;,:Cdc hf . trinh iiq.i s6 c6 bge irln hoo i Uo *,.f ,n,.n i I :;:: u,-n".,' r; l;l n f;i l*' ; ; s : r, ::i i " ,',, : i oi,c nhA todn hgt"Abel Galois,,chung ,lloo-ng trinh niy kh6ng cd lcri giai ta*g quii minh eAc f(t*h') = f(c) * hf,tr\ + _Au_ /,(r)+ ,.. vl phat triln llji tirur 6l nircrm li do oug rtua ra d&u ii*n. 2 j Larr Ei d ltrn luot nhsn e6e gi6 tri tr I'd6n nta c6 s6 phhn tri cta A chinh lA '$ [ni tl * + tllsl+ ., *,{,/nJ,r Lnlz] . \'{y t(l)-T 2) .r,.. * f 6r * [n/i] , lnlzJ,*... * {nln').. l/149 coi , rY*,
  6. { ' Lil gtlii: Ci3. afr irons-D-iBu di6.n ihf,p phin eira C4ng hai bf I dneg t]:6,; lrOnJa ilrroe r'6 rl6i r'6 V a- cn I sd e rlirng |itn nharr: 2Dcu* {fr } O toi rnoi siA tri rcrla r" T 2 = l,qlaZ,,. dk{...,# r f..' ... Khl r rhar dhi rrsn trqe *n, ""elig e6 rldu . t." .bi6r thi6n nOn b{t di'ing thr?c li'rn chi x&;' rg khi =0; Khi di ta e6 ,.in.. .) iJ vr'ri moi n .?A tti .fr Ta 'chirng siinh k'3 t -* e. -. dAl d6 rttng srtY ra n. = I' -(" Thit v$v. dXl a = 1, n1o7 ... no * T* . 10*K. l\i.Ii Ll Vt I/9 = 0.!t.,. u6n b[t dhu tir vi lri &'* 1 trti BAi {-/ 49: Cho cffiu f ."l thit mdn, cac 'ili?a Ai *}rf s6' thdp pirin cira a Iir c' '' lir-lr ru = +? - ,-' 'a A'irn 0 {.-r'n{rn+r; n = i,2,"1 Srri' ra. V2 '*,a clri c6 thb kh[0 ihau lu r.i r .- lt:'* tri thAp phttn t(ir k+/+ I lr& (ti. Do dr) lai afit lrrl sua cho Ckurtg mtnh rri,,g lbn i ie'- a I ( to-io+t'. Nhan- hai r'6 'v{ri zSi- ) u5(*;- ' tnh:=*' {{+ " vir chir .i. rfing -/J--+ a ( 4 la ilrsc."" rin)0t'n: nsl ? n=I I 2-- dz | .-. + . 1P*,ktli (tr Lr)t qtiti- 'cir)a Dadrt Qu4c Lhi?n A 10 Et{TI1 Nhi.n xil rtng g. 10k cr la m0t sd nuul''On Hi Noi) . ,rtn ni, ntraq nai-vf cir,r il) r't!i 81 . !0'k 1f tiuoc: Vi lirn rE .: -l-.e lirr '"oi inoi rr thudc N c6 I 162."!s2k *,9 . lnk. a)2 ! ( s6t . i..k-l {:} n t6 ' Ndri/r-I < *.1 thi tri {?) sr.rv ra 16J.lnz* = 41. /ru dt rr)) n2. uo :ig.'r0". a)i hr., Ir,2 1u,,nU, s6 chtnh 'phrrong. Suv ra: thn tai riEr tr'r ( l: ( " dliErr ni-v.m$u thuln Vl-- Irtr&i c6 k-i > -3 mf, .1L )> n2 r'.i n = I' Li' '' hay k>,-2 .{p tlrr:rg Iirt-'bii, lorin lrong rrudng tr'qp k '' lq 19.{i thi 2l;3(i le +/ < ia86 clql aan !tt. 92,' nhu "ru I do vdv I { {r$* < }0.'0, i;::i toin duo-c .giii" \ lliz n6u i : ij Y' = i/!i nrrr ; * Ij. V.i.'t I Nhdn ;lril : Ban *o'irr Qrrd" ll,trdn {A*rlG &i{TH iihi d6 rd r{ng tl[v fq,] lhJ'a n i n cfc . diEtr Hn N$i) c6 l*i gili r1{rrr g t kicn bli r,r" t.- . N-.!.u ' ThSt.vir'. r6i mqi i, 7.7i ) ti '':r- 6@. BAi 3/I492 Lhftrtq mir:h rdnq. nvu: .I ur{X .tln?* E 1'!24< osrnr * a.ory'zr 'p a .udi m i {td tri,crio ,r thl a=b"- 0. ' I ,ko !itr. " &. Theo .irii ra {a crt t .f(jt: : b,2 t) (t ). n=l n*l l\'i?it klttc : f (n\ : I,,'or'1 ; n )> rl (z\' hrisn ril: C$e han l\'q.uy|n' 116;*sJ.$lis (66p Ilo r ( {i- . q::1r 2 nen oq "/ic 4 0 va e Trrrn]. Ngal6n l{tru PhirttigclQtdc lroe I{u6)' vi th,: t* t2) .uo",ha t < B (3) I{6t hgp it! v4 Ld Ointr 7tie,,g iQii{c hqc llus) cd ldi giii dring' t3) ia rlrrne b e 0. Khi dr1 f zi': nsinr )> 0 v6i N.v.li{ mei cid t'r! ciia c. l'* t]*-v dC ding *uv r3' o*0 T*rn.lgi la c6 s * I) : {? {dPcm)" 511 &9 z ilha Ptrtbo !] ,' *2'rlrrintl ll;rinp Eei Cdeh ? (eira. &'quuin Thrt*h fla&.n. 10 fhti'en I rrur]no {4r: t.,ti cril lrtte lu''g r{1r1 h€ "lrilc toQ lJ-. l'iTIl t.o Qrii Don' Nhx 'ilrangi aO rOi rii'Fttt I, Qu't t t;i li'rt drri'ng 1l1ri'rg crit \ Parabol. lql edc diPtr -4. B.rt4 C" D T l,c,o bii rti ta co t:de tluit':g / C t'd fiD crit A tiri M rri ^\" Chirnrl : asine' 4 hc,'lrl1i-l: ,-i> 0 "1, ,)rl.rh r(i,,g l.\l =,fA-. v& osin(*.r) + l,qor[1[1-r1l ] CI Ydi rlqi eie . Livt oll:l: Yi Jlr$nr lt'0n trtre irrng:'"1 '.'R' C' O tri qira :r, ntm trln prtrabot U - r'3; ra Bl' ''Y n&m tr0n h
  7. iluc'ng th&ng A e6 *Sc tttrh ch(t n$u l'rong {tE D{u b&ng x&.v ra,khf vd ehl khi ?r li$t d&ng bii, ntn tga d0 rrle'chtt,g cd thE ri6t dusc I tlrrlt lr&n x&y re ddu lrLng. tuc li: Il0, i); A(a. oi); R b,, bi); c(r. ,e2); llld, r|\j; ,2 - r1)(rr41 -'2) = 0 . .\, M m..r): A'(n. i'. [ xirl+t=o , ( €+ , Ithj d6 phuong trintr dtlrlng tlr&ng .{C lA : l-....- Ii=t.n -o-o -o? 4.) y: \ . = J___ .a1 i2 fr:..f 6.!3" * 66. l, .' I tts'13=r'5=....=f] . C O ,'-O
  8. Fr Dodn Anh.lrang, Il PITH Phan BQi Chdtu NglrQ 'tinh; [# Jfgug#n bintt Ngugln, lleT Phan Chsir 'Irinh EA Ning: .vil 'f ruang fi,im l{inh Cfrsu. ?t/I PTT'H Phan Chau TrinirrD* -N[rg d* nh{n ra bdt d$ng thric rrranh h$t:. .S*u'd&.r, ln lrii gi&i cira !g n Trangl I N.Q.L t t: Bdi 9/l&9: Cho hat a&a itudng.thdng Ax ud EU chio nhnu hat diim C'ud D ltrn &igt eh(tg'trea ' alAC * b/B.D = k .t tronq -/ a., b la hai d) d-,ll cho lrr.c.c, k kl d.,5 f ,|: mdt sd duong cho lruoc a) Ch*nq mlnh r&.ng rloen CD.luin tudn cdt .t i mot d'oen th&ng'cd dinh. bt T'lm ui lrl cia C ul D sao cho th| ltch cfia tu.etiln ABCD ld nhd nhdt. ',,l.il gtil: (Le g.intr' Th&ng tbct gua. hqe Ilu6 t .a) x6 av' ll slt DD' llB.4 vt,i D' tren .acl Khi tI6 AD = B/) 1A 'DIt t6n nhir hinh yE .dSE = a; 'BSII''-'= P; 'Goi CSfl = T .{1/ o{r BC t1i D. ,1 I li dibm chla iiong I-r'C theq tf lQ a: tr . K6. hinh.binh hAnlr AMIN (lI trcn lg' A' tr6n dr) lla t6 tam giec A'SD vU}ng tai S: Ta c6:. i ttsaz=I/ser+llsD'. Atl/AD'-= 'N//AD: - ICICD' - tcl{I D' + rC.) !E Do 5A vi Sl1 cing vuOng g6c vdi 8C n*n' . . r=blts+&),.. sol.Bc.Ta cd liSD?: rlsgt+ l/sc:. Tuong tu vAy t/sHz = rlsez + lisBs * tlsc.z. . A\IAC= ol'b * a'. * co.sd SHISA, cqsF =' S11 'Sa. cosT = Sl{lsf v +_v , v{-* o,,*?6 +, "o.tP' + '.ortT - I e AMIaE'* CNlec: t. vil sinza + s;nzp + airr?1 - 2 Det sirttp * sin?f =-r,' &in'T * sihze = n, Irihu,vAy m+.n j U:r. 9r, colocr = | - 5ii1ra : (2 ysin'a) - 1 q = sin2p { s;ne1 -- 1r: rn,'- l. Bfll df,ng tlrric cAn chring rninh Id I/? < tm - t)rp1 -1- ir, l)ln'r (p - l-1p,4 t hrJ ll:
  9. 'i Do rludng edo ha tu D crja tr'r di{n C.A.D'D.' Bdi 11/117 : Chtlrr:g nrini. ,-d+.;g tit:h" crtu $ "sd CAII'O le kh0ng dBi n€n'thb iictr trr di€n d6 ty aHAn hln titp Aht);,g bao sia to .\d ihikh nh6 nb6r khi dien tleh AD'e nh6 nhdt Vfy thE p&,uong. tl:h ,{BCD.ntr6 nh{t, khi dign lich cDic Dh6 Eh dt, Ldt {}id1 ; Ta c6 Ta ,i, ,i*f. *,i, !'s6 trr nhi€n liEn ti6p : . . _. AM AN .- s.a,ux Ta=rt{n+t) n*p,(n +A}{n -F.irr n i .,rrn*6}in*z) =--:- *[n(n + z)j[(n i 1)(n ]6)li(n t 8)rn + s]l X Sao'c AD AC ' X[{n*3,n*4;] 4€ . \-l,lHlAD' +A.lf/AC \e I =l/,1 - {n2+tnXnz+.7n+6\in2+ zn . tB}{n2*7n+ll:). \ 2, ! D6 thdy IS. Is 1A s6 ch&n, ngodi 1a ta e6; t ii le6 tl{u biug ktii AMlAD'- A:\'|,{C 'bay ' d,*2 * l,l :* 21/ q ro { (.*2 + ?"r'- 2*}i (?) ANIAC = r/ ', A.C = :dN = 2a I k ld.3 d6 BO..{Dl * v6i :l = n2 * 7n,* 6 (.r niEn.nhien lil sdi cilEn), vi (*; ruong'dJtrng i{{ri !e: :1 2b,tk). . . : N'Q"T' ( -0r,.+564+4S4
  10. tr:* "5 o afD *-,qti /.*\ - ii' (vl A.4{lB ,:utng, efin .i "l-h6t v$v, tt? giAe OAMR nSi ti6P vil . +,.-- o AflO =:45o +e,1/, * AOB ^ (r,) ( [1:fl1r -iI{r/- a l35o) "4,+1U -\ = 1r'mil .* rl.1f !r) l v6i d 96 r 4ia Att I ld, .t I d' * .tt Dl ld'. ".)i.f n&rn tr$* 2 drrlng thf,tg 6i qua O vA tao n'Fl lfldn: Qui tlch . cria ft{ trA ! tlrrdng ch6o vfi d g/,x .{$P. I:inir vu6ng ngeiai ti€!p dudrg tldrn (Oi ve cO ./.iot lzatt:.1/ clri nHm lrr,nt: Irith i'rrfinf; FQIIS e{c cqnh ll,t "a ll,t'. ngo*: ri6p (o) r"* ,6 c*i c3nh llrl vl /lif'" ,\'hrin r df : '* ',t*"--i' ilf nlnr tr0n 3 du&ng r!i6o cfra hinh vudng Da 16 e6el:qrr girl lr&i d6n ilEu gili
  11. ( {p * i,) (p * r n| ,f ;;,\:!r,, - .} BAi 16/1&2. Gi6 sr?, s6 n ng6i nh$ r'p mOt nhi rs? o2 c) hl(P'il' t ;ul' ate.". H6i e6 bao nf ieu'e5ch rn*e a,ien l\ ctlp"a)(lt* nnigney tiiQn trli eSe ngfii nir4-n^af -sao eho nhi Clm Hodng' nAo, c&ng c
  12. s"#p trl e h&ng minh rH.ng : ,x{e diih e{c gs*"cfia A dBC khi bi€t 7, **" I ^1. theo thrt r': l{p thinh e$p s6 cgng v{ f l/(s)l,l/rrll, lf*r,ll?-- 3-, ! ! B , C, .4 lheo thir tu lAp th&nh eSp s6 nh.in. ?. OiAi hxong trinh: 2x -l: tis.{t * *zt? - i 2. GiAi phr,,ng trlnh: 3, Giai phrrong trinh: ':l*..+' 3x + 5s-l e 2l-r + 3t-' + 5-* , coslr - ii n2.r . .it f 6-.E = . S Cifli udt p!:rrorrg trlnh : €os2.r * sin:3; * llloc"(r 1l)z batr* 113. Ja: 4 Cho tarn giAc r{BC, *}:.Jrng rninb r&ng: , tri cfra bibu thire : ABCiIEC {.*'l'ic?r giri tg :- tg + cslg- _- cotg__ cotg_- ' p: rlsinl00 sirrs30o - sinsl0o sinB0". 2 :-'g 2 -:- 2 2-2 -2 . 5. Chdrng minh ri.ng: 1og78 ) legs10. _ 28' 2 *--- Lbp I"U sVs 5. X€t c{e tu di*n orl tb[g dQ
  13. lA ( th6 vi D flhu s*.u I ta e6 th€ 1,i erla d ({tioh (v6i st - 4,o, = Z) vt ihd vi (sarr klri riii diEu ngudn) bing rt; seu d6 gln eho m6r dlnh kE A ro1*)-.eia di-uh ol ltr ari ; n$r.r r:d dudng ( trlc l* di rr h cd/ ::rir i t&n di t r} A t&i cu 9hI3.h thl & (mf,i ttn) tli.tri dinlr.al rrli dinh oi rhi ta ggi l{y li 6 v. rl:i m6r th$ vi b*ng. rhdl gieu {ti li 1 lA thoi giarr Ci ri'6o doan dudnrt l, Cia? tren doan du&ng t* A 16i dieh dy: th* vi eria :dudrng n€t. 'rlflrn , (t r." o1 trii ne ) q*un c6e nrlt A.bi.ng 5, ci;a L'b&*g 6, r0r'eho m6i dlnh kl A el E si1 , Oil , elrp -= oe, iir&.fig nd"{ cri tiah (mA ehrra c6 rhe r!)' u;*r rti$ vi b*ng th6 v! cb{t uhu sau : cia .B eQng v&i liioi gi*n di tren dogJ du&ng, tr'r 6 rclidinh:i,s: th€i vi rria D li 5*4'=g, v.v.. . ,r, - ui,. trr. iz v{ sri theo p:&eb -rlS t,6p iqc. N6i ehuug, mQt { = iltnh chua 0.6 ta$ vi m[ kE m$t dlah il['e6th5 . f '', *- r'iz =o/'3' lg yi rbi thi di;gc g;6n *hs] urgt rh6 vi blDg'th€ vi I rtp utp-.1 fip_t.tp cfia dioh ir&y cfag th&rn thdi gian di.trln 4o6n .Ttl d6, ta tinh iiusc th&i gian ili tadn t1r8ng iludng tr) dinh nAy r6i dinh phsi g6n rh8 vi. net denl e{-y la i Lfin nhrr r'fl.y ,hu t.ii.lihi mgi cliah d6u e6 tbg Sau a* irieu suint "cac -;;'il;i;lui Irt rz t {ir, rt +...*lto_r, Jp .= u,p l rjr ' = 'i, ndu higu si1 th$ 1.i r:ira 6iah &,cu6i mfli t&n vt t&e: . =.pO.--{11 aUn-0=Ue th6 vi , fis dinh & gdr mfri rtn,'(r't du D vA C) (Utng th5 vl efia dlgh ca,* ?).' ' ha.n,ttirFgien di trEn €oan'ruing n0i hai : 1]16 M{t kh{c, n6u c6, mgt drrdrig rti bdt k1\ tu a dimh d3 {c.* 6 d 8} rhi ta inns rh6 vi efra dlisb & e udi rr0i t0n (rtlntrn) dB ehr: hi*u s6 n6i rr8n tdi ar qur. cle iliab ,rl - ajl , r,j; ,. . ,ojq = .ID r"tra dilng bhng ilrdi gi*n ndy (& day ta {Xag g thi thcc eleh r.*e rlirh cAc th6 vi p.i t:i ,rl: thiutr 14. *E .cd 14 - 0:8). Chtng uio rrSa dti0u * e hinh ll.uoe '"hi r* Gria chinh', etro tOi khi' nAo' I ,,il u.1, F ri1 . i3 kh0ng drbu *hirrh dtror: nDa thi thg vi c&e m6i -- ut2b ti, ' i, diah (16'gtri trang ngorle egnh m6i illnhl chinh 1 I ',, lr th&i gian tlAi ni:{r dB di tt A roi illnh {.v: n6i I utq-t)irq_r, ritng thd vi tria ilinh Zsi ld th6i gian dai ;b{td} [ ,rq - .tq eli rri:{ t|i,Z. l-&c, rl* ir6.u r:riang sS iO *gf ilu&og dtt Tfi 60, te tinb dtrgc thoi gian tli trd n
  14. c,ru fl.)El sA 3'lrgdrr do l'i tJleun n :"' f,\ (Ed.* li 'l* { * n2 * {-huy p'*- n2 =-1(rn2+1) idno $: - (;-* u) ip , lr) *t 4(nrz-1- l; (si' Dr' lrl - 1= airi rln., ttdp ." itttg n:,i'i 'n u-i ' :'-":,'':::..,':: -iiuir I fra g c{'4: s0 ' eho oltir, il,,r'. lzr! t plt| p iorir: ..;r,1,'16, o, = 1$u f 1 nQn vd tr;to&i eira 'Iireo r-!-g" - y' z-lit. Pheo ==l;ri *i" r,l,', lirt'r lir &di (*) i:hiu li{, i,,iro I va hhdng rtria hdt.r:h'o l6 Vo liAi rnpl lrong l-i'"",'i '--i"i ," tir:ia ! so 'ufln (vi (p phli * n) * ,oo'n ao clio drrcrutlugt Dft:t cin Ie sd dln' tre,r' i'tic ihtre h;&n .ir*, | == Ztt v.{ vd ph&i ct''lfln) n'l r'6 chia ndru ,d tiitun i:G!3. r.!.ro ti *or-a trorig'liai thria s0 riia vS trSi !'l6i t1*ir tril;ll riii t:i'; hiti''c ;"f ii cl-ifiui tlLit sau .i i:t7 k/iri;'g' iiut ..i 1 lirr'r:; ,6 *ii" h6l cho 4' vav ihria rnd m0l sij i,ilu li+,t S#(;c iou l3', ulii r.trtir btli -ehu m* 2 ktr6tg chi{ [rdt l&i gi&i 3-; G*r it 'i rir:r].Etl d6 il . rt' rz'' ' ;,; ;: l,r*u,) * (p*r) = ln .- 4'li, ";3 CS. lt 4, J5 uil :til :'i- 'i e 1- '''t ' i- "r'4 + 3'5 = 1,,3,i i :. V.l.v tl i 2 t'r-l't'u "ld:Inhuu t "e.r- t ;'> (J G,i ,,, l'r{i l ,i-.'2 '3 /'r'5*r:3j-+ra; 'rs); =+.nk - i""rela o + I 0 ,rlo{j'ii r;:.1* rl,r'ri.n vi liz 1' 1 Lhdtg tr, .ro'='t .ev. - eLia J ' = t ,!' giileeilin iidi i:iro 4' (f i '(,! \:\; I '-\ / . gl;l 2 tl't'tr,:tg QudcJ : 'J'rorig mdt phdng' tlto-- thiel, lbar.' vt,.r ttr X: {';1' ;;' :rg i 4' 'l ^\ b&i Arrar,t, irri rJiStir Po' *)iil $s=13*3,trdi motst' 'so Y - il;l- rzt*f;3 *J3, :t4**f;*' *gi ihi * ee)?* ;;rr*; ; )> 4.. ;vsr;i ta ttts:t.s dds tti.bm P'''" /'i!t) : {.r'z-i-,r*-.."*,i:rT', 'll'o:'--i'i*z P2.... sts.t: cJrc fio;1 is riah city d'l|m.P.kgua [)?itF ir-**roj' - *' (.r*J* -t'4'?''l'i'ltst' : i1i)arg ,1i,ttta ri;E:rr'. xsnl .l "an iireDu ki'rn dDir.q &ii ,;r-, -Jil;;; :'rs (,r'1 -r'aP *i *s * 'r4-i'-r5) = ' uoi" uo" rluttu 12A* , i - 0' l' 2' " =';.rSS
  15. ,f Ta ab BYXZ t& t& giAe ngi' ii6p n&n Th&t vflr ndu0{e(i thi '€il;?;=ffi ,f(yj=rxzl$*y){2 :l ' U il) titit lltLll 1'ltux.; r(ro d(;. tsii phat' ciiirjr{l !i}*;t co vB tr6.icrir, l.)b5.r:g 0* $S{yi}2 ttft to uLuu rtiii ii,Aiir tuu tlSp ll bdrig u,i;u trang ,n"y (.r. bllttA) 1&\ huli tnau ,li sita chu t;u'l ptptdurtng lhring I sang (2'/ I yyl), "oig uu, ttt;1{ lrut:,i irtr': ltac ipu dit glu tti tulte! K{t hsp r r) va (}) ruerirg riurdns e 2tf\st,*,.? - s. :;'-:t' ,i:;i:, iruuoifi}nl-o,"i,i,fi,'i",}!,n'n1.:,^io; *"; tray: /(vi =:/(2 * g); t {y{2 va /{y):o rop-f"rir,'.1,, cdu jr.(i l,}t do. khi s D2. sb krbm tra h&rn / th61 rgi.u !) re x6t' irAc , .L&i Sta: t. 1'r:i irri: lu6n.e6 l.h& io r*iir: tluqe" trudcg herpi L6y..mSt eiuon6; iiraxg. i ttly -v .aong rcr:g v,iri ,+u(2, a/(rr'r
  16. flS.c. rti&ra r&i t'q..* irlr$c kh0ng duirng gSp kirrie, 'i';hrit efir QuA trin-h quy n4p tu tap ff ghm n drBm thuS* drr*rig gSp nAo l.lri tt) xrdtr'ttiy f. sang tAp"ktr$.c gGur n * , d,Em *hii
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