Triển khai hệ thống quản lý cacbon trong mạng viễn thông

CONG NGHE V I E N THO.'.i-i<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ..-T; ;;;-:'i ,;^ TinKSS^sassas<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Trien khai lie thong quan ly<br /> cacbon trong mang vien thong<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ThS. Nguyen Trpng T a m , T r a n Manh Ha<br /> <br /> Bien do'i khi hau hien dang la mot van d'e khai thic quan tim. Thich thiic ddi vbi hg trong<br /> Idn du'dc du* luan toan cau quan t a m . Mac dii rihirng nam tbi khbng ehi li theo dudi muc tisu tang<br /> van cdn nhi'eu t r a n h luan dang dien ra x u n g trabng mi cbn eit giam mire khi thai, hubng den<br /> quanh van d'e nay, nhu'ng da sd cac nha khoa mbt nen kmh te cb him lugng eicbon thap.<br /> hpc deu tin rang khi thai cacbon chinh la Hien nay, cie ebng nghe vi img dung mbi dang<br /> yeu to chu yeu d i n den bien dd'i khi hau. Bdi thue day tang traong ttong ca cac mang dir Ueu<br /> vay hu'dng tdi mpt nen kinh te cd h a m lu'dng bang rbng di dbng vi cd dinh. Cie mang niy dang<br /> cacbon thap dang ta muc tieu dat ra doi vdi dugc ma rbng de phue vu nhieu thue bao hon vi<br /> ta't ca cac qudc gia tren the gidi. tang luu lugng trbn moi thus bao. Ve khia canh mbi<br /> tmbng, dieu niy ddng nghia vbi mire nang lugng<br /> GIAM HAM LU'ONG CACBON - MgC TIEU mi cic mang viin thbng tieu thu se tang len - cimg<br /> CUA CAC NHA KHAI THAC<br /> So vbi cic Unh virc khac nhu du lich vi van tai,<br /> xay dung vi san xuat nang lugng, linh vuc ICT su<br /> dung tuong ddi nhieu nang lugng (Chiem 2% mire<br /> sir dung nang lugng toin cau) vi dbng gbp khoang<br /> 2-2,5% khi thai nhi klnh, tuong duong dubi 1 ty tan<br /> COj. Dae biet, ttong eic mang vien thbng, ehi phi ve<br /> nang lugng chidm eho mbt phan khbng nhb ttong<br /> chi phi van hinh OPEX, vi ehi phi niy ngiy cing<br /> tang do gli nang lugng tang. Bbi viy, nang cao hisu<br /> qua su dung ning lugng li van de duge nhieu nhi<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 5 . 2 0 1 0 ) 17<br />  CONG NGHE V I E N THONG<br /> <br /> <br /> vbi db Ii lugng khi thai CO^ - vi ket qua li him da li klnh te rihat khi tinh day du cic chi phi bao tri,<br /> lugng cacbon ciia mang ting (lugng cacbon thai ra hd ttg, vi chl phi thay ddi khi quy trlnh klnh doanh<br /> tinh tten mdi don vi luu lugng). Viy giai phap dat dbi hbi. Vi phuong phap don gian nhat li tinh toin<br /> ra la gl? Trong thuc te, mbt sd nhi khai thic da eit tdng ehi phi sb hiru TCO, de eb eii rHiln chinh xic<br /> giam cubng do niy thbng qua mbt he thdng quan nhat ve ngan sich phai chi trabc khi quyet dinh lira<br /> ly eicbon (TCO^), bao gdm ca rihung khuyen khich chgn mgt giai phip.<br /> khac de thiic day su phit trien, chap nhan tihimg Bing each ubc tinh lugng CO^ ket hgp vbi cac chi<br /> ebng nghe mbi su dung it nang lugng vi eb him phi Uen quan ttong TCO, TCO^ se mang lai cho cic<br /> lugng khi thai cacbon thap. nhi khai thic mbt ebng cu hiru ieh de xem xbt vi<br /> lua chgn cie thiet kd mang phii hgp rihat, rihim dat<br /> MO H I N H T C 0 2 duge eie tinh nang tiet kiem ngudn dien, rihiing<br /> cai tien ve luu lugng, giam thieu tic dbng den mbi<br /> trabng ttong khi nang eao kha nang canh ttanh<br /> ciia mang. Nhu vay, cie nhi khai thic khbng chi<br /> tist kism dugc chi phi trisn khai mi cbn giam vet<br /> eicbon.<br /> TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP TOTAL CARBON FOOTPRINT<br /> (TCO) (UFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT) De xem xbt vet ciebon, hay nbi cich khie li toin<br /> bb cac tic dbng cua nb den phat xa CO^, cie nhi<br /> DIRECT CSREON FOOTPRINT<br /> OPEX<br /> (OPERATIONAL IMPACT)<br /> khai thic eb the su dung phuang phap LCA (Dinh<br /> gii vbng dbi san pham. Quy trtnh niy giiip nghien<br /> INDIRECT CARBON FCOTPS'NT<br /> CAPEX R«iV ! . ' ; T B R I ; L S MANUFACTURIUG<br /> eim lugng khi thai tao ra trong toin bg ehu trinh<br /> mi'lSPORTENOOFlFEi<br /> eua mbt sin pham tii cbng doan thiet kd, chd tao<br /> Hinhl: Mo hinh TCOj ddn van hinh ttsn thi trabng. Ddi vbi eic thiet<br /> bi vien thbng, LCA bao gdm ea cie tie dbng ciia<br /> Do dac diem eua eie mang vidn thbng, eac nhi ngudn nguyen Ueu ban dau, qui tririh san xuat, van<br /> khai thic can phai xay dung mbt khung (framework), ehuyen vi boat dgng eho tbi vise dimg boat dbng<br /> khbng chi bao gdm cic dai lugng de giam thieu vi tieu buy nb. Tren ca so db, nhi khai thic se dua<br /> cubng db ciebon, mi cbn dip img duge eie yeu cau ra quydt dinh dau tu dimg din, dua ttbn viee can<br /> ciia mang nhu: thiet ke mang hisu qua nhat vbi luu bing cic yeu td ve hieu qua boat dbng, ktnh phi vi<br /> lugng tdi da ttong it nut ilhat vi eie dieu kien dat<br /> ra ban dau bao gdm chl phi trayen tai, cac gibi han<br /> - MARKETING S, SALES<br /> phd, ngin quy dubng trayen vb tuyen vi /hoae cic - GENERAL S ADMINISTRATIVE BUSINESS-DRIVEN<br /> - SUBSCRIBER MANAGEMENT COSTS<br /> gibi ban quang. - INTERCONNECT/ROAMING<br /> <br /> <br /> Mdi yeu tdttongmbt cau true ehi phi (cost stracture)<br /> ciia nhi khai thac cb tic dbng nhat dinh den mbi<br /> trabng Uen quan. Thbng thubng, cic tie dbng niy<br /> - N E T W O R K OPEX NETWORK-DRIVEN<br /> duge nhi khai thac dua ra xem xet khi thirc hien eic - OEPRECIATION (CAPEX) COSTS<br /> <br /> quyet dinh dau tu mang. Tren thue te cae he thdng<br /> cb gia phan cimg vi phan mem re nhat chua chic<br /> Hinh 2: Chi phi cua mot nha khai thac mang<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1 8 I TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 5 . 2 0 1 0 )<br />  CONG NGHE YTEN THONG<br /> <br /> <br /> tie dbng mbi tmbng. Nhiing nghien cim ve LCA chi hoae ma rbng dung lugng hay viag plTti sbng hien<br /> ra ring hon 2/3 lugng phit xa CO^ di kem vbi cic eb se cb nhldu giai phip thuc frii ±xoz .±.:a r-a. Vi<br /> thiet bi mang ttong sudt thbi gian tdn tai li do boat phuong phip TCO^ rat cb ich khi danii gia hai hay<br /> dbng cua nb. rlhidu giai phip cb tism nang tao doanh thu nhu<br /> Hien nay, TCO vi phit xa CO^ di kbm vbi eic boat nhau.<br /> dgng mang dang li mdi quan tam ehu yeu ddi vbi Hinh 2 dua ra luge dd chi phi cua mbt nhi khai<br /> cic nhi khai thic. Do db, khi dua ra rihung quyet thic mang, ttong db eic chi phi hing nam ttong<br /> dmh dau tu dii ban, hg can phai xem xet tdng ehi ban bio eio doaiih thu cua nhi khai thic duge<br /> phi vi toin bg phit xa CO^ eb the. Su dung tiep can phin lim 2 nhbm. Tat ca cae chi phi dau tu da dugc<br /> cb phuong phip luin TCO^ se giiip eic nhi khai ehuysn ddi thinh khau hao.<br /> thic vidn thbng de dinh gii duge lugng phit xa Chi phi dinh cho kmh doanh li nhiing chi phi<br /> CO2 vi mire tldt kiem nang lugng tieu thu tii cic giai duge thiie day bbi mdi quan he giiia eac nhi khai<br /> phap vi eae kich ban mang khac nhau. thic vi khaeh hing eua hg, vi giira nhi khai thic<br /> Mdi khi nhi khai thic xiy dimg mbt mang mbi vi cic nhi khai thac khie. Ket qua eua nhirng quyet<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Cac tijy chpn tang cu'dng tinh hieu qua cua mang<br /> Cac nha khai thac cb the tap trung vao viec tang cu'dng tinh hieu qua cua mang hien tai bang<br /> each:<br /> • odi mbi va toi u'u mang, bao gom nang cap mang, su' dung cac phan cu'ng sit dung nang<br /> lu'dng hieu qua va giam mu'c tieu thu nang lu'dng bang each siJ dung cac phan mem giup giam<br /> nang lu'dng va cac tinh nang nang cao dung lu'dng<br /> • Chia se ha tang mang va cac tai nguyen de thuc day hieu qua kinh te va giam phat xa CO^<br /> do viec SLf dung nhieu cac tai nguyen (bing each chl se cac tai nguyen cac nha khai thac cb the<br /> giam dang ke chi phi va tac dgng tieu ciic den moi tru'dng)<br /> • Thay ddi nguon nang liidng cung cap cho mang b§ng cac nguon nang lu'dng cb cu'dng do<br /> cacbon thap hdn tCi he thong lu'di dien hay triic tiep dau tu' cac nguon nang liidng cb the phuc<br /> hoi nhii nang lu'dng mat trdi va gib.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 (5.2010) 19<br />  CONG NGHE V I E N THONG<br /> <br /> <br /> POWER<br /> RaaoNng t a i m capacity<br /> without feature<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> More power<br /> INITIAL M016 capacity<br /> Same fxmer<br /> Mora capaQty<br /> baa fxf/ior<br /> Sam« capacity<br /> APPLYING COMPARING kWh/SUB GIVES:<br /> FEATURE X3