Từ và cấu trúc tiếng Anh hay nhầm lẫn - Từ đúng và Từ sai: Phần 1

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Tài liệu Từ đúng - Từ sai, từ và cấu trúc tiếng Anh hay nhầm lẫn tham khẩu cáu trúc của Tài liệu Right word Wrong word của Alexander. Tài liệu giới thiệu tới người đọc các từ và cấu trúc hay nhầm lẫm trong tiếng Anh. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo phần 1 Tài liệu.

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Nội dung Text: Từ và cấu trúc tiếng Anh hay nhầm lẫn - Từ đúng và Từ sai: Phần 1

anh Huyen L C K .0 0 0 0 0 5 1 5 9 7 > © © TUDUNGTU-SAI TCf & cAu TRUC TIENG ANH HAY NHAM LAN Right w o rd -W ro ng w ord W o r d s and s tru c tu re s co n fu se d and m isused by le a rn e rs o f English if E N \ EU * nh A xuat ban hong duc
TUT DUNG - TIT SAI
THANH HUYEN TUTBUNG - TUT SAI TU & c a u trG c tieng anh hay nham lAn Right word - Wrong word Words and structures confused and misused by learners of English NHA XUAT BAN HONG DU’C
to t m m u Trong khi hoc hay sit dung tieng Anh trong thitc te nhieu luc ban cam thay lung tung trong viec sit dung tit ngit hay dien dat y nghi cua minh? Nhitng luc nhit the nay ban luon can den sit giup dd cua ngittii khac? Be khac phuc nhitng van de nay thi chi co mot cach duy nhat do la nam vitng tit va cau true hay nham lan, hoac hay dung nham. Ciing mot tit hay cau true cau, co rat nhieu y nghia khac nhau neu trong hoan canh dien dat khac nhau, trong khi da phan ngitdi hoc chi de y den nghia chung nhat, thong dung nhat. Do cung chinh la ly do ho gap lung tung khi sit dung sau nay. Cuon "Tit dung - tit sai" nay tham khao cau true cua cuon Right word Wrong word cua Alexander, nhitng noi dung, ui du ditcic chung toi viet lai cho phii h
nhitng y kien dong gop quy ban cu ci ban doc de Ia n tcu ban sau ditdc hoan thien hcfn. 6
a /an vdi nhi/ng danh tit dem d M c A h oac vdi cac do uong (coi n h u noi an ve vat chita do uong d o : a coffee, a M ary’s got an M .A in Economics. milk. Vdi cac chat long d trong M ary da co bang Thac sy ve kinh thiin.g, trong c h a i,... ta dung some. te. Vi du n h u som e water, som e beer (Khong dung “a M .A in (mot it niidc, mot it bia). Economics” ui theo nguyen tac a/an. (-) phdt am, du!ng dau M .A la mot Tom w ants to be a teacher. nguyen am .) Tom muon trd thanh gido vien. She’s got a M aster’s degree. {Khong dung “want to be teacher”) Co ay da co mot bang thac sy. David w ants to be an architect. (Khong dung “an M aster degree” David muon trd thanh kien true ui theo nguyen tac phdt dm, diing sit. dau M aster la mot phu dm). (Khong dun g “want to be ** a + phu am; an + nguyen am architect") a/an - one •* D ung a/an + d anh tit so it, dem I’d like a can o f beer. diidc. Toi muon mot Ion bia. ability to (Khong dung “one can o f b e e r ’J He has the ability to do the I've got two lem ons and one work. orange. Anh ta co k h a n a n g la m viec Toi co hai qua chanh ua mot qua nay. cam. (K hong dung ability of/on doing) (Khong dung “an orange”) •* a b ility to d o s o m e th in g . •* Neu dung a Ian = se co nghia la able - possible “any orange” , “it doesn’t matter It is possible to live this way. which" (mot qua cam bat ky, C o th e song theo cach nay. khong cu the qua nao); Dung one, (Khong dung “It is able” ) two, etc...= khi muon dem so He’s able to give you joy. lUdng cu the. Anh ta c o t h e dem den cho ban a/an- some niem uui. I've lost a dress/ an ear-ring. *♦- It + possible Toi utia bi mat m o t c a i vay/mot - S (c h i n g u a i) + able c h ie c h o a ta i. about - around I like som e dresses / som e ear The earth moves (a)round the rings. sun. Toi thich m o t v d i c a i vay/mot Trai dat quay x u n g q u a n h mat v d i c a i h o a ta i. trdi. I need some milk. (Khong dung “about",) Toi can mot it siia. ** (a)round dung khi noi ve sti (Khong dung “a milk") chuyen dong tron. I'd like a beer, please. We go (a)round the garden for Xin cho mot coc bia. som e fresh air. ** Som e la so nhieu cua a/an de Chung toi di v o n g q u a n h vUdn de noi ve so iM n g khong cu the. Dung hong mat. 7
»• (a)round = surrounding, Tom absen ted h im self fr°m encircling: uong quanh, bao quanh work. It happened arou n d/abou t 10 Tom da n g h i la m years ago. ' *• Be absent from = not present. Viec do xay ra cach day k h o a n g vang mat (khong co ky luSt); 10 nam. absent on eself: nghi (cb y pha ky around/about = approxim ately: luat). vao khoang, xap xi. Approxim ately absen t - aw ay thay cho about va aroupd m ang y This is ju st a short note that 1 will trang trong. be aw ay from the Internet from She drove for about/around ten M ay 29th (once 1 finish tfiis) until miles. June 9th. Ba ta lai xe d M c khoang 10 dam. D ay ch i la Idi nhan ngan gon (Khong dung “ten m iles about” r in g toi se kh on g co m at tren hay “ten miles around”,) m ang til 29-5 (n gay khi toi ket about -on - over thu c tin nhan nay) den tan 9-6. I attended the lecture on (thudng d u n g aw ay hctn “absent") Shakespeare. M ary is absent from school today. . Toi da tham die mot buoi thuyet Horn nay M a ry n gh i hoc. trinh ve Shakespeare. (K hong d u n g “aw ay”) I have a book about flowers. »* aw ay = at a distance from the Toi co m ot cuon sach noi v i hoa. place, person, or th in g in question: (about hay d u n g hctn on) (0) m ot ncti kh ac: absent = not •* on: chi cac thong tin nghiem here, elsew here: kh on g co mat, tuc, cu the: about: chi kien thtic, vang mat, nghi. moi quan tam chu ng chung. abstracted - absen t-m in d ed M ost fam ilies have argum ents distracted o ver/abou t money. Old people are often absent- Phan Idrt cac gia dinh deu co m inded. nhi/ng cuoc tranh cai ve tien bac. Ngitrti gid thit&ng hay d a n g tri. (Khong d u n g “an") (K hon g dung “ abstracted” , argum ent, concern, dispute + “distracted") over . •* a bsen t-m in ded = Habitually abroad forgetful: hay quen She h a s g one/ is a b r o a d on Could you repeat please? I was business. abstracted for a while. — b e I live/ g o / s tu d y a b r o a d : X in on g nhdc lai drfoc khong a? abroad dtidc dung n h u trang tti. Toi hch la d a n g m ot chut. c o m e / r e tu r n fr o m a b r o a d (ti/ »♦ abstracted = Inattentive to nitdc ngoai trd ve), abroad d M c the m atter in hand: khong chu y dung n h u danh ttf. den hoan canh tm de mat. nghi ve absent o n e self - absent dieu gi khac. She is absent from a meeting. I was distracted by her hc-aiitv C o a y v a n g m a t trong cuoc hop. Toi bi p h a n ta n t u tu d n g b&i tt: (K hong dung “She has absent dep cua co ay. herself) *► distracted = M entally 8
disordered: hi ph&n tan tit tiidng cua chung ta kh on g ? b(ti cai g i do. •* acceded to = agreed to. abuse, insult, sw ear at, curse consented to: dong y, tan thanh, His mother abused him for lying. thiCa nhan (m ang nghia trinh M e no q u a t m a n g no vi toi noi trong hctn). dot. accept - agree to/w ith »* abuse = quat mang, si va, chid We agreed to start early. rua. Chung toi d o n g y se bat dau sdm. He often insults his old wife in (Khong d ung “accepted to s ta r O public. agree to do som ething: dong Han ta thildng la m n h u c v
in: de cho at i do. can dan. I want to join the army, but they iKhdng dun g “spared don’t accept me. accident, incident, episode Toi muon g ia n h a p quan dpi She is the second council m em ber nhi/ng ho khong chap nhan toi. to be injured in a car accident. (Khong dung "admit", "allow ) Co ay la thanh vien th u hai trong accept = let sb join: cho ai gia hoi dong bi thucmg trong vu tai nhap nan d to. accesories, spare parts, reserve, [Khong dun g “episode") spare tyre ** accident — An event that is He has catalog of manufacturers without apparent cause, or is and exporters of automobile unexpected, often bad: m ot viec spare parts. x a y ra kh on g dinh trUdc, thUrtng la. Anh ta co cuon ca-ta-lo cua cac viec xau. nha san xuat va xuat khau phu There was a frontier incident tung thay the cua o to. yesterday. (Khong dung “accessories” , Horn qua da co m o t vu r a c r o i d “reserves") bien gidi. spare parts = components of (Khong dung "episode”) an autom obile or other ** incident = • an event or m anufactured goods, kept in occurrence. - a m inor or detached reserve to replace parts that fail: event attracting general attention nhitng bo phan cua o to hay cua or notew orthy insom e way: m ot sit cac san pham che tao khac, dupe kien, mot viec phu giie de thay the nhi/ng phan hi Her easy has an hong. episode/incident talk about her Fashion accessories are mother. decorative items that supplement Bai van cua co ay co m o t d o a n one's garment, such as jewelry, noi ve me minh. gloves... episode/incident = A distinct Phu kien thdi trang la nhung vat piece of action in a play or a poem, trang tri bo trd cho quan ao. nha each o f the parts o f a serial story: do trang site, gang tay... m ot doan. m ot tinh tie't
tin h nham ngay thang. successfully done: cai g i do ditdc »* accidentally = lam thanh cong. unintentionally, by chance. by My sister has a lot of m istake: tinh. cd, ngau nhien accom plishm ents, she shows accom m odation great skill at driving, cooking. We want accom m odation for a Chi gai toi co nhieu k y n a n g , chi young m arried couple. ay to ra rat thanh thao trong viec Chung toi can p h o n g d u tien lai xe, nau an. n g h i cho mot doi V(J chon g tre. ** accom plishm ents = acquire Chu y: khong viet skills: nhitng ky nang dat ditctc, "accom odation”. “acom odation"; tai nang, tai nghe. day la danh tit khong dem diidc The furniture in your room made nen khong dun g “an with a fine com pletion accom m odation”; dang so nhieu Do dac trong ph on g anh da ditac accom m odations chi co trong tieng lam h o a n th a n h trau chuot. Anh-M y. *► com pletion = The act or accom plish, perform process o f m aking com plete: hoan Doctors perform an operation to thanh, lam xong save his life. accord, behalf, account, part Cac bdc si th tfc h ie n m ot ca mo The legal guardian must act on de citu tinh m ang anh ta. b eh alf o f the child. (Khong dung “accom plish”,) Ngitdi giam ho phai hanh dong vi *► perform = do (a com m and, loi ich c u a dita tre. promise, task, etc.): thitc hien dcfi (Khdng d un g “accord” , “ part”) hita ...), thi hanh (nhiem vu, lenh), Don't be uneasy on m y behalf. lam (cong viec ...) Ditng ban khoan vi toi. We accom plished satisfactory (Khdng dung “on my accord”) results. *► on my behalf/on m y account Chung ta d a d a t d ita c nkitng ket = lor me: vi toi. qua nhity. That was an accident on my (Khdng d ung “ perform ed”^ part. »» accom plish = com plete, Tai nan do la d o to i g a y ra. succeed in doing hoan thanh, lam •* on my part = by me: do toi gay xong, lam tron m ot viec g i do. ra accom plishm ent, achievem ent, It’s a dangerous work but she did com pletion it of her own accord. We highly appreciate the great Do la m ot cong viec nguy hiem achievem ents o f the V ietnam ese nhitng co ciy t u n g u y en lam no. people in their national (Khdng dung “ofVon her own construction and defence. b eh a lf’ , “on her own account”) Chung toi danh gia cao nhitng ■* o f her own accord = without th a n h ta u to l&n cua nhan dan being asked: khdng ditac yeu cau, Viet Nam trong sit nghiep xay tit dong lam ditng va bao ve dat nitcic. according to, by, in my opinion (hay dung hifn “accom plishm ent") Everything went according *► achievem ent = som ething to/by plan. 11
Moi viec deu dien ra th e o n h u ke Toi vita chuyen tien tit ta i k h o a n hoach. k y g iii sang t a i k h o a n tie n g iii »• according \o! by — as shown c o k y h a n cua tou by: theo nhu » » a b a n k a c c o u n t = tai khoan A ccording to the veteran ngan h ang de giii va rut tien ra; policemen, he was born in Pans Current accou n t dung de chi tai (not in London). khoan tien giii thanh toan tai T h eo cac canh sat vien ky ciiu thi ngan hang cua khach hang. V 61 han sinh ra d Paris (khong phai current account, khach hang co Luan ddn) the tuy y gui tien. n it tien. chuyen (Khong dung "by") khoan thanh toan ngay. D eposit »» according to = as stated by account co nghia rong hdn, bao people: theo ( Idi cua ngiidi khac) gom cac loai tai khoan nhtf tien In my opinion, you had better to gui, tien tiet kiem. refer some documents. Trong D eposit account cu n g chia T h eo y k ie n c u a toi, anh nen lam 2 dang: Tim e D eposit la tien tham khdo mot vai tai lieu. giii tiet kiem co ky han, va (Khong dung “according to my Demand Deposit giong nhit opinion/to me”, “to/after/ By my Current Account la tien giii khong opinion") ky han co the nit ra bat k^ luc account, on any/ no account nao. Don’t on any account leave the accusation prisoner unguarded’. They made this a ccu sation o f Khdng vi b a t ky ly d o n a o ma bo contraband against her. canh gdc tii nhan. Ho da b u o c to i ba ta buon lau. (Khdng dung "with no account/ in (Khong dung “do + accusation”) any account”) ** M ot so danh tit khac ket help vdi account, deposit make. The shop promised to keep the make food goods for me if 1 paid a deposit. make a cup o f tea / coffee Giia hang hita se g iii hang cho toi make a mess neu toi tra m at k h o a n tien d a t make plans coc. make an exception deposit = a sum payable as a first make arrangem ents instalm ent on an item bought: make a telephone call khoan tien tra tritdc, tien dat coc make a decision cho hang da mua. make a mistake Will you pay cash or shall I charge make noise it to your account? make money Ong muon tra bang tien mat hay make an excuse la toi se trii vao tai k h o a n cua make an effort on g ? accused, the accused (Khong dung “deposit”) The accused * a i » w acquitted o f I've just transfered money to my the charge (current) account from my Pham nhan due* tuyen bo trane deposit account. an. & 12
»• The accused dUOc dung de noi (Khong dun g "acoustics is” , den mot hay nhieu ngUifi (v i luat “acoustic is”) phdp). •* acoustics (so' nhieu) + dong tit N hitng phai noi "she’s/he's so nhieu khi noi den nhitng viec cu accused”: anh ta/co ta bi buoc toi the. khdng noi “she’s/he's an accused” A cou stics is a science o f sound. hay “they’re accuseds". A m h o c la khoa hoc ve am thanh. ache, hurt, pain ■* acoustics (so'n h ieu ) + dong tit Does your hand hurt? so'it: noi v i m ot mon hoc. Tay anh co d a u kh on g? acquire, gain/increase in value (Khong dung “ pain”) His salary has gained/increase ** hurt: noi dong tit: cam thay in value considerably. dau, bi dau. LitOng cua anh ta d a t a n g len I hurt my shoulder. d ang ke. Toi bi dau vai. (Khdng d ung “acquired in value”) (Khdng dung “ached” , “pained", I acquired this record for you “hurted” ; dong tit bat qui tac with difficulty. hurt- hurt- hurt) Phai kho khan lam toi mdi g ia n h *► hurt ngoai dong tir = injured: d u a c cai dia nay cho anh. lam bi t hitting, lam dau, chi (Khdng dun g “gain”) nhitng can dau buot nhit sau khi •* acquire = obtain : gianh dittic, bi tai nan hay ditt tay thu ditac. My arms ache. across, over, through Toi d a u tay. A bridge across the river. *► a c h e = noi d ong tit: dau nhitc, M ot chiec cau bac n g a n g q u a con nhitc nhoi, dau am i, dai dang, song. lien tuc. (Khdng d un g “over", “through") It pains her to recall my past. •* across: tit ben nay sang ben kia Ba ay c a m th a y b u o n khi hoi cua m ot viing (dung cho do'i titang titang lai qua khit cua minh. khdng gian hai chieu: m ot ditang, •* It pains sb = makes sb feel m ot mat phangi. sad: lam cho ai cam thay buon. across the border "qua duong bien pain: dau ddn, dau quan gidi” Chu y: across the p age "qua trang giav" Mot so vi du giup phan bici ro hon cach dung cua cac tii nay: W e swim over the river. My stomach hurts. Chung toi bai tr e n song. 1 have a pain in my stomach. »» over: chuyen dong tren hoac My stomach is sore. tren be mat, khdng nhat thiet phai My stomach aches. tit ben nay sang ben kia. 1 have a stom achache, Blood is transm itted through acoustics this pipe. The acoustics in em pty rooms Mdu ditac truyen q u a ong ddn are awful. nay. D o v a n g cua nhitng can phong It was dangerous to walk trong that khung khiep. through a wood. 13
That nguy hiem khi di x u y en q u a Toi dam boo thuoc nay se c o t a c ritng. dung. »• through chuyen dong trong (Khdng d u n g "acted"/ mot moi trUOng ran hoac dilcic hao »* take effect = had a specific quanh (dung chn dd'i ti/itng khdng effect co mot tac dung, hicu iUc cu gian ba chieu: mot khu vile, mot the the tich). Alcohol acts /ta k e s effect on the through the park "qua cong vien" nerves. through the kitchen "qua nha Ri/cfu nay co t a c d o n g den than bep" kmh. act - action (hanh dong), d e e d take effect= has gen era l effect Have less talk and more action' on: co tac dung chu ng den H ay not it L a nen h a n h d on g 1S0 sanh: The frequent changes of nhieu hctn! weather act o n /a ffect his health: (.Khong dung "act", “deed") Then tiet thay den luon tac dong ** action = doing something, den silc khoe cua anh ay) often as a response: lam viec gi do, action, cam paign hoat dong The governm ent launched a His act o f bravery merits summ er prophylactic hygiene mention in dispatches. campaign H a n h d o n g d u n g ca m cua anh Chinh phu da phdt d ong mot ta dang d M c tuyen di/ctng. c h ie n d ich ve sinh ph on g benh (Khong dung "action” "deeds") mua he. »• act of + cum danh ttf, Khdng iKhimg dung ‘ an action") dung "action”, act chi mot viec cu »* cam paign = An organized the da lam, action chi mot cii dong course of action for a particular de lam mot edi gi do: act/action to purpose, esp. to arouse public the thay the cho nhau sau tinh ttf. interest; mot loat hanh d ong co to Vi du: It was a violent act/action: chitc vi muc dich dac biet nao do do la mot hanh dong bao lilc. (vi du nhu de loi keo sil chii y cua He was nurturing a sinful deed cong dong;. Han ta dang dp u mot h a n h vi toi The govern m en ts action to loi. control interest rates has been (Khdng dung "act", “action") very prompt. »* deed: - A thing done Xhilng bien p h d p cua Chinh phu intentionally or consciously. - A nham kiem v< 3f mile H i sua't d an g brave, skilful, or conspicuous act: dil'ic trten khai nhanh chdng. viec lam, hanh vi co chii y; lianh - a c tio n = a move to do dong dung cam, kheo leo, de thay someth-.r. j m r.; d„ ng rf, ^ (noi chung Id hanh dong d M c gi do danh gia) actual thu'c .v •hat n e w s Itin a good/evil deed: mot viec lam tot tilc> / xau The news ... act - take effect enemy were near alarrr.- : I am sure this medicine will ta k e Tin tile 'jud-. effect , n Han khien ai cung 14
(Khong dung “actual") facts that are reported: nhitng (the one reported in the news: noi dieu thuc te d M c tuctng thuat. dung tUdng thuat trong ban tin) In order to control over the The actual report was much seaport and all trade, (hey have to longer than we had expected. consider the actualities o f the Ban b a o c d o t h a c t e ddi hctn case. nhieu so vdi dii kien cua chung toi. De kiem soat hai cdng va tat ca *► actual = that report the real cac hoat dong thitdng mai, ho phai thing: ban bao cdo co thyCc can nhac den hoan canh th u c te. actual - real - topical (cai d M c *♦ actualities = existing quan tam, co tinh thdi sit), up-to- conditions: dieu kien hien tai, date (cap nhat, help thdi) hoan canh thitc te. This is still a topical question. actually, at present)for present, Van de nay luon m ang tin h thdi at the m om ent sit. He is a clim ber. A t present/For (Khong dung “actual") present/At the m om en t/ he is (Nghia la no co trong ban tin) trying to conquer the Everest. The actual / real cost was much Anh ta la mot nha leo nui. H ien higher than we had expected t a i anh ta dang co g a n g chinh gia thuc te cao hon nhieu so vdi phuc dinh Everest. da ti'nh cua chung toi. (Khdng dung “actually", “to the •* real/actual = tru e: sit viec thitc present") te d M c noi den. •* A t present/For present)At I didn’t believe until I read the the m om ent = now for the time actual report. being: bay gid, tam thdi Toi da khong tin cho den khi toi The political party is actually in doc c h in h ban bao cdo do. (Khong power. dung “real report") Chinh d ang dang t h u c s u cam •* actual = report itself: chinh quyen. ban bao cdo do ■* actually = A s a fact, really: Y our dictionaries are never up-to- thUc sit, tren thitc te date. adapt (to), adopt, adjust (to) Cac cuon tit dien cua anh chang W e must adopt a hard line bao gid la. c a p n h a t ca. tow ards terrorists. (Khong d ung "actual”, “topical”) Chung ta can phai d p d u n g actualities, the new s, current dUdng loi cdng ran doi vdi bon events khung bo. Please update ou r web pages if (Khdng dung “adapted”) you want to keep track of the ■* taken and used: chap nhan news/of current events. va s ii d u n g Xin hay cap nhat trang web cua D ifficult books are often adapted chung toi neu ban muon theo doi for use in schools. nhitng van d e n o n g h o i h ien Nhitng sach kho thudng d M c sita n ay. la i cho hop vdi tritdng hoc. (Khong dung “actu alities”) (Khong diing “adopted”) •* the new s/current events = »* adapted = make suitable for a 15
purpose = lam cho phit hap vdi ta m b ie t ho. m uc dich. (Khdng d u n g *adieu‘ V The body a d ju sts (itself) He bade his sweel heart to/adapt to changes in adieu /goodbye before going 10 tem perature. the army. C
astonishm ent: kinh n gac; privileges); adm iration = respect, warm Vi du: A student m ay gain approval: than phuc, kham phuc. a d m is s io n to the university. adm it (to) Cliii y: George would never adm it to * N o A dm ission CSo money will be being wrong. charged) = K hong m at tien, mien George khong bao gid thira nhan ph i va N o A dm ittance CSo one can la minh sai. go inj = khong cho vao Imot viing *► adm it to = recognize as true, cam chi giai han cho nhitng nhan ■ accept as valid or true: nhan, vien co trach nhiem), thu nhan, thiia nhan * A dm ission ('confession or He admitted having/that he acknowledgement,) = thiia nhan has stolen the car. He m ade no a d m is s io n of Han th u n h a n da an trom chiec g u ilt.( HSn khong thiia nhan toi xe. ac) (Khong dung “adm itted to have”) * to be g ran ted a d m it t a n c e (to be »* adm it + tan ngit: dong y cai gi allowed to go inside): diirtc phep do la dung. vao trong I adm it my m istake to my - to be gran ted a d m is s io n (to be mother. allowed to join the group or body): Toi n h a n loi vdi m e. ditoc phep gia nhap (Khong dung "admit m y m other * entry (sii tiep nhan) I entrance m y m istake - adm it to m y m other (quyen gia nhap, sit ket nap), m y m istake") khong lien quan den sit cho phep. adm ittance, adm ission adore, worship The adm ission is 1OS a head. Do you often go to the church to T ien v a o cita la 10 do la mot workship? ngtfdi. A nh co thii'Ong d i le nha th'a (Khong d ung “adm ittance") kh on g ? •* adm ission = A charge for right (Khong dung “adore” khi muon chi o f entering: tien vao ciia nghia di le) adm ission (to the club) is I-adore w orking in this company. restricted to mem bers only Toi th ic h ditac lam viec trong quyen vao ciia (cau lac bo) chi cong ty nay. danh cho hoi vien. •* adore = / really love it: toi thitc adm ission = duoc phep vao, ditac sityeu no. nhan vao, a d m it t a n c e = ditqc cac He w orships/adores the ground nha chiic trach cho vao she w alks on. adm ittance chi m ang nghia den Anh ta y e u m en/ton t h o den ca la cho phep vao (is restricted to cho dat co ay dat chan len. the literal m eaning o f allow ing *♦ adore va w orship co the thay entry), adm ission khong chi the cho nhau khi dung de chi sit mang nghia do nia con bao ham yeu men tot cung/ton tho. nghia Uu tien (convey not only advance, progress that sense but also the sense of We need to progress a publicity making available certain cam paign to promote her new 17
book. (Khdng d ung 'b y adventure ) Chung ta can tien h a n h mot »• by ch an ce/in ciden tally - chien dich quang cdo de day manh without expectin g to. by accident: viec ban quyen sach cua ba ta ngau nhien, tinh c o (ThitOng dung hem advance) Some people, and incidentally Has civilization that includes A rthur, just won't advanced/progressed during look after them selves properly. this century? Co mot vai ngUch, n h a n d a y phai Trong the ky nay nen van minh co ke den Arthur, dun g la khdng gitf tien bo hctn khong? gin ban than m ot cdch d u n g mile. Our troops have advanced two (Khdng dun g "by chance") miles. ** incidentally = by the way: Quan ta da tien len p h ia tru a c nhan day. nhan tien, tien the, ... ditoc hai dam. I clim b the m ountain for th e love advance t’d progress i\eu co o f adventure nghia 'tien ten tri/dc' nhitng Toi leo n i l vi thich m a o h iem . advance thilcfng co sac thdi vat »• adventure = An unusual and ly lcu the con progress co nghia la exciting experience: trai nghiem 'tien bo' khac thudng, thu vi. advantage: take advantage of + adventure - experience sb/sth We never forget that terrible She took advantage o f us as experience long as she could. Chung toi khdng bao gictqu en Ba ta loi d u n g chung toi den khi dtfric sU n em tr a i kinh khung ay. het lai dung ditoc men thdi. ■» experience = Actual They are taking advantage of observation of or practical situation for their own advantage. acquaintance with facts or events: Ho dang ta n d u n g tinh the de sit quan sat. sU lam quen thiCc te lam loi rieng cho minh vdi srf kien. take advantage o f som ething He had much unpleasant (sth) = make the most of adventures o f his life. som ething: tan dung: take Anh ta gap nhieu sit v ie c b a t advantage o f som ebody (sb) = n g d khd chiu t r
advertisem ent in the local director? paper. Anh co y k ie n g i ve giarn doc cua Ho muon dang mot m u c q u a n g anh? c d o tren bao dia phUctng. ** Chii y : »» advertisem ent = A public advice = w hat you think I should notice or announcem ent, esp. one do: cai ma anh nghi la toi nen lam advertising goods or services in opinion = what you think about newspapers, on posters, or in som ething: y kien/dieu anh nghi broadcasts: thong bao, hay lift rao ve cai g i do. vdi cong chung, dac biet de quang affair, case, liaison cdo hang hod hay dich vu tren The case for murder will be tried bao, dp phich, hay phdt thanh. tomorrow. advice (d a n h til) advise (d o n g til), N gay m ai vu a n gie't n g M i se opinion (danh tv*) d M c dUa ra xet xit. Let me give you a word o f advice. (K hong d ung “affair”,) Toi xin co vdi Idi k h u y e n anh. *► case = event, occurrence: •* advice (danh til khong dem happening, occasion, d M c): d M c danh van la -ice, phat circum stance: hoan canh. tinh dm la / a i z / ; ta khong dung "an the, trUdng hop. vu kien advice”, "(some) advices” hay Mind your own affair. "advice for" (sai gi&i til) H ay lo lay v ie c r i e n g cua anh. Dung: The doctor gave me some •* affair = a m atter that concerns advice. sb: viec lien quan t&i ai do. The doctor advised me to take a Their (love) affair sounds com plete rest. killingly funny! Bac si k h u y e n toi nghi ngcti hoan C a u c h u y e n tin h len lilt cua ho toan. nghe tile ci/di muon ch it! *» advise (dong til): d M c danh (Khdng dung "case"; co the dung van la -ise, phdt dm la / a is /; "liaison” de chi moi quan he khdng "k h o n g dung “advice me” (danh ditng ddn) van sai) •* (love) affair = a sexual They advised m e to start early. relationship, outside marriage: H o k h u y e n toi nen bat dau sdm. moi quan he tinh due, ngoai hon ** cum advised m e to hay dung nhan hctn advised me I should. The author had a good w orking Chii y: They advised her against liaison with his editor. m arrying him = They advised her Tac gid co m o i q u a n h e lam viec not to marry him. H o khuyen co tot vdi nha xu at ban. ay ditng cildi han. (K hong d un g “affair”) We took his advice and joined ■* liaison = Connection, the club. com m unication. contact, C h in g toi n g h e t h e o lai k h u y en relationship: moi quan he c u a a n h aiy va gia nhap cau lac affair, business bo. B usiness is always brisk before •* Khong dun g “took his opinion" Christmas. W hat's your opinion o f your T rM c le G iang sinh, c o n g l ie c 19
m u a ba n bao gid cling nhdn nhip *♦ affected = Influence, put into (Khong dung “affair") effect m ang lai. dita vao hieu qua, *► business = work to do with anh hitdng buying and selling, trade: cong affection, affectation , infection viec co lien quan den mua ban, His little affectation s irritated thitdng mai her. W hether 1 go or not is my a ffa ir Nhitng k ie u c a c h n h o n h a t cua Di hay khong la v ie c r ie n g cua han ta da lam cho co ta bite minh. toi. 'Khdng ditng "affections” ) •* affairs= ordinary pursuits of »• affectation = unnatural life: nhitng viec lam binh thi/ctng behavior to im press others = cit trong cuoc song chi khdng tii nhicn nham g a y an affect, (have an) effect (on), come titrtng cho ngtfrn khac. lam ra ve into/take effect People catch all kinds of That movie had quite an effect on infections in the winter. her. Ngitdi ta mac du loqi b e n h la y Bo phim da thitc sit a n h h it ting n h iem khi mua dong dim. den co ciy. IKhdng dung "affec'ion") (Khong d ung affect) infection = disease caused by »* effect (danh tit) affect (dong germs or virus, nhiem benh do vi tit): have an effect on something: khudn hay vi rut gay ra co anh hitdng den cai gi do I tried to win her affection. The tax increases have affected Tin cd gang chiern c a m tin h cua us all. cd ay. Viec tang th u ed a a n h h u d n g den •* a ffe c t io n = love, a mental tat ca chung ta. mate: an cm ,r:or: tinh yeu, tinh (Khdng dung "effected”) cam, cam xuc This governm ental decree will affirm, maintain come into effect/ take effect by Despite the proofs, she still the end o f this month m a in ta in s tr.aT. *?ho was innoccnt. Nghi dinh nay cua chinh phu se Bat chap cac chu'r,g cl/, ba ta van c o h ieu lu c th i h a n h vao cuoi k h a n g k h a n g !a minh 10 toi. thang nay. 'K h o n g d u n g '
n a n g tai chinh cho do van phong Chim g ta se di xem phim sa u k h i mdi. anh trd ve . '