Anticholinergics

The oculocardiac reflex (OCR), bradycardia that occurs during strabismus surgery is a type of trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is blocked by anticholinergics and enhanced by opioids and dexmedetomidine. Two recent studies suggest that deeper inhalational anesthesia monitored by BIS protects against OCR; we wondered if our data correlated similarly.

7p vampires36 30-12-2021 8 0   Download

The oxidation of the anticholinergic drug atropine sulfate monohydrate by hexacyanoferrate(III) in aqueous alkaline media was investigated spectrophotometrically by monitoring the decrease in absorbance of hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF(III)). Oxidation products were identified. The oxidation mechanism was proposed from kinetic studies. The reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism were calculated.

11p langthannam 29-12-2021 9 0   Download

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most frequent complications following strabismus surgery. Penehyclidine, an anticholinergic agent, is widely used as premedication. This study investigated the effect of preoperative penehyclidine on PONV in patients undergoing strabismus surgery.

9p vidietmarhopp 28-12-2021 18 0   Download

We report herein the first synthesis of biologically active natural bromophenols, namely 1-(2,3,6-tribromo4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)pyrrolidin-2-one (2), 2RS-1-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (3), and 2RS-methyl 1-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (4), along with their different derivatives (6 and 8–18). Among the synthesized compounds, 3, 4, and their derivatives (8 and 9) are yielded in racemic form.

34p tudichquannguyet 29-11-2021 5 0   Download

Bài giảng Điều trị phòng ngừa hen trẻ em trình bày các nội dung chính sau: Tổng quan về hen trẻ em, Anticholinergics trong phòng ngừa hen, Tiotropium bromide trong phòng ngừa hen trẻ em. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo để nắm nội dung chi tiết.

42p vichaeyoung2711 17-05-2021 6 0   Download

Bronchodilator medications are central to the symptomatic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) are the most commonly used devices to deliver treatment to patients with COPD and asthma, comprising approximately 70% of bronchodilator prescriptions.

10p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 6 0   Download

A variety of large randomized controlled trials (RCT’s) evaluating pharmacotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients does exist. One of the drugs that has been tested is the new long-acting anticholinergic glycopyrronium bromide.

6p vimontana2711 05-04-2021 5 0   Download

Inhaled anticholinergics, recommended as first-line maintenance treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has been demonstrated to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

6p vimaine2711 26-03-2021 10 1   Download

In many countries worldwide, the long-acting anticholinergic drug tiotropium is available as a dry powder formulation delivered by means of the HandiHaler® inhalation device and as an aqueous solution delivered via the Respimat® Soft Mist™ Inhaler.

17p vimaine2711 26-03-2021 4 0   Download

Capecitabine has activity against several types of cancer. In 10-15% of patients treated with capecitabine, treatment is discontinued because of serious adverse reactions, mostly within the first weeks of treatment.

3p vialabama2711 21-09-2020 7 0   Download

(BQ) Part 1 of the document Anesthesiology in clinical (Sixth edition) has contents: Pharmacological principles, inhalation anesthetics, intravenous anesthetics, analgesic agents, neuromuscular blocking agents, anticholinergic drugs, hypotensive agent,... and other contents. Invite you to refer.

1010p thuongdanguyetan06 06-06-2019 21 1   Download

Hairy roots induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes are distinguished by their high growth rate, genetic stability, and lateral branching. Datura metel is an important medicinal plant whose hairy roots are used for the production of atropine, a tropane alkaloid applied as an anticholinergic and parasympathetic agent.

8p vikimsa 22-02-2019 10 1   Download

The Chempolis process is also based on using formic and acetic acid (Rousu & Rousu 2000, Rousu et al. 2003, Anttila et al. 2006) as cooking chemicals to produce pulp, biochemicals and biofuels from non-wood raw materials. Formic acid is the main component in cooking liquor. After cooking, the pulp is washed and pressed in several stages with formic acid. The last washing stage is performed at a high pulp consistency with performic acid. Then, the pulp is bleached with alkaline peroxide. Spent cooking liquor can be evaporated to 90% dry solids and incinerated.

155p loixinloi 08-05-2013 61 7   Download

Developments in the dairy sector have to be seen in the context of the evolving nature of dairy policy and trade policy. Although Agenda 2000 and more particularly the MTR have brought about a considerable change in support to the dairy sector, existing CAP instruments such as milk quotas, super levies, intervention prices, dairy premiums, processing aids, export subsidies and import tariffs still affect the supply and demand for milk and milk products.

57p conduongdinhmenh 07-05-2013 45 5   Download

Annual fuel cell shipments in the portable sector grew a modest 1.5% between 2010 and 2011, primarily due to a minor decline in sales in the auxiliary power unit (APU) sector, partially a result of restricted consumer spending in Europe. This shortfall was met with an increase in shipments of smaller fuel cell systems helped by initial production runs of portable electronics chargers. Early 2012 has seen a return to growth for the APU sector that we expect to continue throughout the year, bolstered by renewed interest from the military.

39p thamgiacongdong 02-05-2013 37 2   Download

Discussions are non-confrontational and productive. As one executive director put it “do we fight constructively?” The ability to discuss the “hard” issues respectfully creates trust that people can express opinions without being attacked. It also leads both parties to believe that, no matter how hard the issues, “we can tackle it together and resolve it together.” The executive director must encourage discussions about items that have values associated with them.

29p thamgiacongdong 02-05-2013 39 4   Download

According to the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS), the University of Kentucky must use the official wording prescribed by SACS in all catalogues, brochures and advertisements when referring to reporting its accreditation status in its relationship with the Commission on Colleges. This regulation refers to any communication – either printed, broadcast or electronic -- that refers to the University’s accreditation by SACS.

15p seketnoi 29-04-2013 48 4   Download

“Digital prepress instruction” is the creation of original information in electronic form by combining more than one computer program into specific, original instructions or information necessary to prepare and link files for the output of an image to film, plate, or direct to press. Since digital prepress instruction is generated from proprietary software for digital output specifically for printing purposes, it has very limited uses.

26p hoangphiyeah1tv 24-04-2013 61 3   Download

World poultry markets are one of the most rapidly growing sectors of the food industry. Poultry production rose six-fold between 1965 and 2002 to over 70 million tons. Consumption increases have exceeded population growth, with world per capita supplies of poultry meat tripling from 3.3 kg to more than 10 kg. International trade has more than kept pace with this industry growth. World exports of poultry meat rose from 375,000 tons in 1965 to over 6.5 million tons in 2002. Thus, trade now accounts for about 10% of world consumption. The objective of this paper is...

50p loginnhanh 22-04-2013 52 2   Download

The contrasting experiences of Austin and Syracuse occurred in countless other areas as well. This article provides 14 additional examples of pairs of metro areas that had similar tax and growth patterns. 1 The experiences of all 15 pairs of metropolitan areas provide valuable lessons for distressed areas everywhere. Keeping tax burdens low appears to be an important ingredient in the recipe for economic prosperity.

40p trinhcaidat 19-04-2013 55 3   Download