Biological actions

Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kuntze, a medicinal and ornamental plant in the Lamiaceae family, is mostly found in East Asian countries such as Vietnam, Korea, China, and Japan. All parts of this plant are used as traditional medicines to treat abdominal pain, congestion, chills, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, and dispel dampness.

7p viling 11-10-2024 4 1   Download

Master's thesis of Science "Investigation into the modulation of circadian clock proteins by dietary compounds and small molecules" is structured as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Identification of novel bioactive compounds from Olea europaea by evaluation of chemical compounds in the OliveNetTM library: in silico bioactivity and molecular modelling, and in vitro validation of hERG activity; Chapter 3 Modulation of circadian core clock proteins by dietary compounds; Chapter 4 Molecular mechanisms of action of selected olive phenolics against epigenetic modifiers and the structur...

235p runthenight04 02-02-2023 5 3   Download

It is necessary to continue researching and finalizing policies as well as specific actions in implementing forest protection and development solutions for Phia Oac - Phia Den National Park, Cao Bang Province (stopping and not granting new permits). Projects of mineral exploitation, development of economic garden model; ...). Strengthen scientific cooperation with domestic and foreign scientific research institutions.

27p capheviahe27 23-02-2021 26 4   Download

The toxicity of the pea albumin 1b (PA1b), a 37 amino-acid peptide extracted from pea seeds, for cereal weevils (Sito-philus oryzae, Sitophilus granariusandSitophilus zeamais) was recently discovered.The mechanism of action of this new entomotoxin is still unknown and potentially involves a target protein in the insect tissues.This work describes the characterization of a high-affinity binding site for PA1b in a microsomal fraction ofSitophilusspp.extracts.Purified PA1b was labeled to a high specific radioactivity (c.

7p fptmusic 16-04-2013 40 3   Download

The two-hybrid method detects the interaction of two proteins by their ability to reconstitute the activity of a split transcription factor, thus allow-ing the use of a simple growth selection in yeast to identify new inter-actions. Since its introduction about 15 years ago, the assay largely has been applied to single proteins, successfully uncovering thousands of novel protein partners.

9p fptmusic 12-04-2013 32 2   Download

PMAP-36 is a cathelicidin-derived host defence peptide originally deduced by a transcript from pig bone marrow RNA. The expression of the propep-tide in leukocytes, and the structure, antimicrobial activity, and mechanism of action of the mature peptide were investigated. The proform is stored as a dimeric precursor of 38 kDa formed by a dimerization site at its C-ter-minal cysteine residue; it is likely that the mature peptide is dimeric when released.

9p fptmusic 11-04-2013 50 2   Download

PKR is an interferon-induced serine-threonine protein kinase that plays an important role in the mediation of the antiviral and antiproliferative actions of interferons. PKR is present at low basal levels in cells and its expression is induced at the transcriptional level by interferons. PKR’s kin-ase activity stays latent until it binds to its activator. In the case of virally infected cells, double-stranded (ds) RNA serves as PKR’s activator.

15p awards 06-04-2013 33 3   Download

A molecular understanding of volatile anesthetic mechanisms of action will require structural descriptions of anesthetic–protein complexes. Porcine odorant binding protein is a 157 residue member of the lipocalin family that features a large b-barrel internal cavity (515 ± 30 A ˚ 3 ) lined predomin-antly by aromatic and aliphatic residues. Halothane binding to theb-barrel cavity was determined using fluorescence quenching of Trp16, and a com-petitive binding assay with 1-aminoanthracene.

0p awards 05-04-2013 18 2   Download

Nongenomic action of an insect steroid hormone, 20-hy-droxyecdysone (20E), has been implicated in several 20E-dependent events including the programmed cell death of Bombyxanterior silk glands (ASGs), but no information is available for themodeof theaction.Weprovide evidence for a putative membrane receptor located in the plasma mem-brane of the ASGs. Membrane fractions prepared from the ASGs exhibit high binding activity to [ 3 H]ponasterone A (PonA).

9p awards 05-04-2013 46 5   Download

GE23077, a novel microbial metabolite recently isolated from Actinomadurasp. culture media, is a potent and selective inhibitor of bacterial RNApolymerase (RNAP). It inhibitsGram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) andGram-negative (Escherichia coli)RNAPs with IC50 values (i.e. the concen-tration at which the enzyme activity is inhibited by 50%) in the 10 )8 Mrange, whereas it is not active onE. coliDNA polymerase or on eukaryotic (wheat germ) RNAP II (IC50 values10 )4 Min both cases).

0p awards 05-04-2013 57 2   Download

Endotoxin-neutralizingprotein (ENP) of the horseshoe crab isoneof themost potent neutralizersof endotoxins [bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]. Here, we report on the inter-action of LPS with recombinant ENP using a variety of physical and biological techniques. In biological assays (Limulusamebocyte lysate and tumour necrosis factor-a induction in human mononuclear cells), ENP causes a strong reduction of the immunostimulatory ability of LPS in a dose-dependent manner.

10p dell39 03-04-2013 39 3   Download

The GM2-activator protein (GM2AP) is an essential cofactor for the degradation of ganglioside GM2 by lyso-somal b-hexosaminidase A. It mediates the interaction between the water-soluble exohydrolase and its membrane-bound substrate at the lipid–water interphase. Inherited defects in the gene encoding this glycoprotein result ina fatal neurological storage disorder, the AB variant of GM2-gangliosidosis. To elucidate the mode of action of this gly-coprotein cofactor, we synthesized the two photoaffinity labels [ 14 C]C3 -TPD-GM2 and [ 14 C]C7 -TPD-GM2. ...

14p dell39 03-04-2013 63 4   Download

GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH) is the rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin and its activity is important in the regulation of monoamine neurotransmit-ters such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. We have studied the action of divalent cations on the enzyme activity of purified recombinant human GCH expressed in Escherichia coli. First, we showed that the enzyme activity is dependent on the concentration ofMg-freeGTP.

7p dell39 03-04-2013 36 6   Download

Nitric oxide (NO • ) has been proposed to be a physiological modulator of cell proliferation, able to promote in most cases cell cycle arrest. In this review I explore the molecular basis of this mechanism of action. The mod-ulatory action of NO • on the intracellular concentration of cGMP and the machinery directly involved in the control of cell cycle progression, inclu-ding the expression and activity of diverse cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases,

16p inspiron33 26-03-2013 51 4   Download

Palmitoylcarnitine, known to promote differentiation of neuroblastoma NB-2a cells as well as to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC) activity and to decrease phorbol ester binding, was shown previously to diminish the amount of complex formed between PKCdand its substrate GAP-43. In the present work we studied the effect of palmitoylcarnitine on the inter-action between PKCbII and its receptor RACK1.

12p inspiron33 26-03-2013 61 4   Download

Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, hyperglycemia-induced glycations and environmental exposures increase the cellular concentrations of aldehydes. A novel aspect of the molecular actions of aldehydes, e.g. acetaldehyde and acrolein, is their reaction with the cysteine ligands of zinc sites in proteins and concomitant zinc release.

11p inspiron33 25-03-2013 33 5   Download

Model amphipathic peptides have been widely used as a tool to determine the structural and biological properties that control the interaction of pep-tides with membranes. Here, we have focused on the role of a central Pro in membrane-active peptides. To determine the role of Pro in structure, antibiotic activity, and interaction with phospholipids, we generated a ser-ies of model amphipathic a-helical peptides with different chain lengths and containing or lacking a single central Pro.

15p inspiron33 25-03-2013 42 3   Download

Dynorphin-converting enzymes constitute a group of peptidases capable of converting dynorphins to enkephalins. Through the action of these enzymes, the dynorphin-related peptides bind tod-opioid instead of j-opi-oid receptors, leading to a change in the biological function of the neuro-peptides.

8p inspiron33 23-03-2013 34 2   Download

Sphingolipid activator proteins (SAPs), GM2 activator protein (GM2AP) and saposins (Saps) A–D are small, enzymatically inactive glycoproteins of the lysosome. Despite of their sequence homology, these lipid-binding and -transfer proteins show different specificities and varying modes of action. Water-soluble SAPs facilitate the degradation of membrane-bound glyco-sphingolipids with short oligosaccharide chains by exohydrolases at the membrane–water interface.

16p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 31 3   Download

Thrombi, which are dissolved primarily by plasmin (EC 3.4.21.7.), contain up to millimolar concentrations of fatty acids and these are known to affect the action of the protease. In the present study the modulation of plasmin activity was characterized quantitatively in a continuous amidolytic assay based on synthetic plasmin substrate (Spectrozyme-PL).

9p media19 06-03-2013 42 5   Download