Biological cells

Part 1 book "Principles of downstream techniques in biological and chemical processes" by arthor Mukesh Doble includes content: Downstream processing principles, economics and issues; importance of downstream in industrial processes – examples; size reduction, bacterial cell breakage and recovery of intracellular material; isolation of insolubles; product recovery.

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Part 1 book "Pharmaceutical design and development" includes content: Introduction and historical perspective; molecular and cell biological foundations of biotechnology, biological drugs, molecular pharmacology.

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Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several hundred susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes (T2D). One critical, but unresolved, issue concerns the extent to which the mechanisms through which these diverse signals influencing T2D predisposition converge on a limited set of biological processes.

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Gastric cancer is among the most lethal human malignancies. Previous studies have identified molecular aberrations that constitute dynamic biological networks and genomic complexities of gastric tumors. However, the clinical translation of molecular-guided targeted therapy is hampered by challenges. Notably, solid tumors often harbor multiple genetic alterations, complicating the development of effective treatments.

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The analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an outstanding tool to provide insights into the biology of metastatic cancers, to monitor disease progression and with potential for use in liquid biopsy-based personalized cancer treatment.

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The human plasma proteome is important for many biological processes and targets for diagnostics and therapy. It is therefore of great interest to understand the interplay of genetic and environmental factors to determine the specific protein levels in individuals and to gain a deeper insight of the importance of genetic architecture related to the individual variability of plasma levels of proteins during adult life.

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Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic loci associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying biological mechanisms for many of these associations remain unknown. GWAS signals close to the glucokinase regulatory protein gene (GCKR) have been reported for lipid and glucose metabolism traits and the risk of T2D.

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Hypermethylation of transcription factor promoters bivalently marked in stem cells is a cancer hallmark. However, the biological significance of this observation for carcinogenesis is unclear given that most of these transcription factors are not expressed in any given normal tissue.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. However, despite extensive clinical and genomic studies, the molecular basis of AD development and progression remains elusive.

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Epigenetic alterations are associated with normal biological processes such as aging or differentiation. Changes in global epigenetic signatures, together with genetic alterations, are driving events in several diseases including cancer. Comparative studies of cancer and healthy tissues found alterations in patterns of DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications, and changes in chromatin accessibility.

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Cancer researchers use cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, engineered mice, and tumoroids as models to investigate tumor biology and to identify therapies. The generalizability and power of a model derive from the fidelity with which it represents the tumor type under investigation; however, the extent to which this is true is often unclear.

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Advances in cancer biology are increasingly dependent on integration of heterogeneous datasets. Large-scale efforts have systematically mapped many aspects of cancer cell biology; however, it remains challenging for individual scientists to effectively integrate and understand this data.

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Ebook "Multiscale modelling of organic and hybrid photovoltaics" presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience.

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Ebook "Stochastic chemical kinetics: Theory and (mostly) systems biological applications" reviews the theory and simulation methods of stochastic kinetics by integrating historical and recent perspectives, presents applications, mostly in the context of systems biology and also in combustion theory. In recent years, due to the development in experimental techniques, such as optical imaging, single cell analysis, and fluorescence spectroscopy, biochemical kinetic data inside single living cells have increasingly been available.

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Single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq) has become essential for biomedical research over the past decade, particularly in developmental biology, cancer, immunology, and neuroscience. Most commercially available scRNA-seq pro‑ tocols require cells to be recovered intact and viable from tissue.

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While single-cell transcriptional profiling has greatly increased our capacity to interrogate biology, accurate cell classifcation within and between datasets is a key challenge. This is particularly so in pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids which represent a model of a developmental system.

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer for which patient prognosis remains poor. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in regulating cell behavior; however, its importance in tumor aggressiveness remains to be comprehensively characterized.

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Ebook "Functionalized conjugated polyelectrolytes: Design and biomedical applications" presents a comprehensive review of these polyelectrolytes and their biomedical applications. Basic aspects like molecular design and optoelectronic properties are covered in the first chapter. Emphasis is placed on the various applications including sensing (chemical and biological), disease diagnosis, cell imaging, drug/gene delivery and disease treatment.

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Ebook "Mesenchymal stem cells: Basics and clinical application I" provides readers with contents including: prospective isolation and characterization of human bone marrow-derived MSCs; urine as a source of stem cells; expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells under xenogenic-free culture conditions; adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells - biology and potential applications;...

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Ebook "Nanobioelectrochemistry: From implantable biosensors to green power generation" describes some of the different electrochemical techniques that can be used to study new strategies for patterning electrode surfaces with enzymes, organelles, cells and biomimetic systems. Also, it focuses on how enzymes and microorganisms can be used as biological catalysts in fuel cells for green power generation.

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