Genetic diseases

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are common genetic changes in the human genome. In recent time, many scientists have shown their interests in studies on SNPs’ roles in the pathological risk especially in cancer and metabolic diseases.

27p tamynhan0 15-06-2020 21 1   Download

The objective of the thesis is to know about two species of SLP P.heterotremus and P. westermani, providing a scientific basis for the diagnosis and prevention of SLP disease, contributing to protecting public health.

27p xacxuoc4321 11-07-2019 57 4   Download

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a Gram-negative, phytopathogenic bacterium and is characterized by an unique mode of action on dicotyledonous plants: it is able to genetically modify the host, and because of this feature, it is used as a tool for transgenic plants. Many experiments have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) play an important role for the disease development, as they are involved in the adhesion process of the bacterium on the plant cell wall.

4p system191 01-06-2013 35 4   Download

BACE2 (Memapsin 1) is a membrane-bound aspartic pro-tease that is highlyhomologouswithBACE1 (Memapsin 2). While BACE1 processes the amyloid precursor protein (APP) at a key step in generating theb-amyloid peptide and presumably causes Alzheimer’s disease (AD), BACE2 has not been demonstrated to be directly involved in APP pro-cessing, and its physiological functions remain to be deter-mined.In vivo, BACE2 is expressed as a precursor protein containing pre-, pro-, protease, transmembrane, and cyto-solic domains/peptides....

10p tumor12 22-04-2013 25 2   Download

The Nipah and Hendra viruses are highly pathogenic paramyxoviruses that recently emerged from flying foxes to cause serious disease outbreaks in humans and livestock in Australia, Malaysia, Singapore and Bangladesh. Their unique genetic constitution, high virulence and wide host range set them apart from other paramyxoviruses. These characteristics have led to their classification into the new genus Henpaviruswithin the family Para-myxoviridae and to their designation as Biosafety Level 4 pathogens. ...

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 1   Download

Asheat shockproteins (Hsps) are involved inprotecting cells and also in the pathophysiology of diseases such as inflam-mation, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, modula-tors ofHsp expression inmammalian cells would seemto be useful for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, we isolated mammalian cell lines for screening of Hsp modu-lators; mouse C3H10T1/2 cells stably transfected with a plasmid containing the mouse Hsp105 or human Hsp70B promoter upstream of a luciferase or b-galactosidase reporter gene, respectively....

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 5   Download

Senile plaques, the invariable hallmark and likely proximal cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are structured deposi-tions of the 40- and 42-residue forms of the Abpeptide. Conversely, diffuse plaques, which are not associated with neurodegeneration, consist mainly of unstructured Ab42. We have investigated the interaction between Ab40 and Ab42 through an assay, which involves labeling both vari-ants with an environment-sensitive fluorophore.

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 28 2   Download

Patients with diabetes mellitus suffer from an increased incidence of complications including cardiovascular disease and cataracts; the mechanisms responsible for this are not fully understood. One characteristic of such complications is an accumulation of advanced glycation end-products formed by the adduction of glucose or species derived from glucose, such as low-molecular mass aldehydes, to proteins.

11p fptmusic 16-04-2013 35 3   Download

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are fatal neuro-degenerative diseases of humans and animals. The underlying infectious agent, the prion, accumulates not only in the central ner-vous system (CNS) but also in secondary lymphoid organs. I will revisit the role of the immune system in peripheral prion pathogen-esis, while focusing on the mechanisms by which extraneural and extralymphatic prion infectivity develops.

64p fptmusic 11-04-2013 37 4   Download

The leader proteinase (L pro ) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) ini-tially cleaves itself from the polyprotein. Subsequently, L pro cleaves the host proteins eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4GI and 4GII. This prevents protein synthesis from capped cellular mRNAs; the viral RNA is still trans-lated, initiating from an internal ribosome entry site. L pro cleaves eIF4GI between residues G674 and R675. We showed previously, however, that L pro binds to residues 640–669 of eIF4GI.

10p awards 06-04-2013 39 4   Download

The interaction between the human copper(I) chaperone, HAH1, and one of its two physiological partners, the Menkes disease protein (ATP7A), was investigated in solution using heteronuclear NMR. The study was carried out through titrations involving HAH1 and either the second or the fifth soluble domains of ATP7A (MNK2 and MNK5, respectively), in the pres-ence of copper(I). The copper-transfer properties of MNK2 and MNK5 are similar, and differ significantly from those previously observed for the yeast homologous system. ...

7p awards 05-04-2013 46 2   Download

Loss of cannabinoid receptors (CB1) occurs prior to neuro-degeneration in Huntington’s disease (HD). The levels and distribution of CB1 RNA were equivalent in 3-week-old mice regardless of genotype demonstrating that the specific factors and appropriate chromatin structure that lead to the transcription ofCB1were present in the striatum of young R6/2 and R6/1 transgenic HD mice.

12p awards 05-04-2013 58 5   Download

Duchenne muscular dystrophy represents one of the most common hereditary diseases. Abnormal ion handling is believed to render dystrophin-deficient muscle fibres more susceptible to necrosis. Although a reduced Ca 2+ buffering capacity has been shown to exist in the dystrophic sarco-plasmic reticulum, surprisingly no changes in the abundance of the main luminal Ca 2+ reservoir protein calsequestrin have been observed inmicrosomal preparations.

0p awards 05-04-2013 44 3   Download

Human glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is a co-catalytic metallopeptidase and its putative catalytic domain is homologous to the aminopeptidases fromVibrio proteolyticus and Streptomyces griseus.In humans, the enzyme is expressed predominantly in the nervous system and theprostate.Theprostate form, termedprostate-specific membraneantigen, is overexpressed inprostate cancer and is used as a diagnostic marker of the disease.II

9p dell39 03-04-2013 39 4   Download

We have investigated the conformational changes of New-castle disease virus (NDV) glycoproteins in response to receptor binding, using 1,1-bis(4-anilino)naphthalene-5,5-disulfonic acid (bis-ANS) as a hydrophobicity-sensitive probe. Temperature- and pH-dependent conformational changes were detected in the presence of free bovine gan-gliosides. The fluorescence of bis-ANS was maximal at pH 5.

8p dell39 03-04-2013 42 4   Download

The macrophage is critical to the innate immune response and contributes to human diseases, including inflammatory arthritis and plaque formation in atherosclerosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angio-genic cytokine that is produced by macrophages.

14p dell39 27-03-2013 41 4   Download

UDP-galactose 4-epimerase (GALE, EC 5.1.3.2) catalyses the interconver-sion of UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose. Point mutations in this enzyme are associated with the genetic disease, type III galactosemia, which exists in two forms – a milder, or peripheral, form and a more severe, or general-ized, form.

8p dell39 27-03-2013 51 5   Download

The deoxyhexose sugar fucose has an important fine-tuning role in regula-ting the functions of glycoconjugates in disease and development in mam-mals. The two genetic model organismsCaenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogasteralso express a range of fucosylated glycans, and the nematode particularly has a number of novel forms.

13p inspiron33 26-03-2013 36 3   Download

Human serum albumin (HSA) exists in both reduced and oxidized forms, and the percentage of oxidized albumin increases in several diseases. How-ever, little is known regarding the pathophysiological significance of oxida-tion due to poor characterization of the precise structural and functional properties of oxidized HSA.

12p inspiron33 25-03-2013 44 4   Download

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by multifarious dysfunctional alterations including mitochon-drial impairment. In the present study, the formation of inclusions caused by the mutation of huntingtin protein and its relationship with changes in energy metabolism and with pathological alterations were investigated both in transgenic and 3-nitropropionic acid-treated mouse models for HD.

16p inspiron33 23-03-2013 38 6   Download