Methods for breast

The purpose of the study is to quantify breast dose to reassure patients and staff that these understandings still apply. A combination of measurements and simulations were used to estimate absorbed breast dose. Gafchromic® XR-QA2 film was used to measure breast dose placed inside the RANDO® phantom in a series of controlled experiments. The RANDO® is an anthropomorphic phantom commonly used for dosimetry investigations. Gafchromic® XR QA2 film is a radiochromic film that changes colour when irradiated. Simulation is commonly used and readily available.

195p runthenight05 01-03-2023 6 3   Download

Microcalorimetry and UV-vis spectroscopy were used to conduct thermodynamic and kinetic investigations of the scission of calf thymus DNA catalyzed by bleomycin A5 (BLM-A5) in the presence of ferrous ion and oxygen. The molar reaction enthalpy for the cleavage, the Michaelis– Menten constant for calf thymus DNA and the turnover number of BLM-A5 were calculated by a novel thermokinetic method for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to be )577 ± 19 kJÆmol)1, 20.4 ± 3.8 lM and 2.28 ± 0.49 · 10)2 s)1, respectively, at 37.0 °C. This DNA cleavage was a largely exothermic reaction....

9p system191 01-06-2013 31 4   Download

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) are frequently used for the down-regulation of protein expression.Because the majority of potential antisense sequences lacks effect-iveness, fast screening methods for the selection of effective AS-ODNs are needed.We describe a new cellular screening assay for the evaluationof the potency and specificityof new antisense sequences.

10p research12 29-04-2013 32 3   Download

Cytochrome P450BM3is a self-sufficient fatty acid mono-oxygenase consisting of a diflavin (FAD/FMN) reductase domain and a heme domain fused together in a single polypeptide chain. The multidomain structure makes it an ideal model system for studying the mechanism of electron transfer and for understanding P450 systems in general. Here we report the redox properties of the cyto-chrome P450BM3 wild-type holoenzyme, and its isolated FADreductase andP450 heme domains, when immobilized in a didodecyldimethylammonium bromide film cast on an edge-plane graphite electrode....

7p tumor12 20-04-2013 46 3   Download

Human novel reductase 1 (NR1) is an NADPH dependent diflavin oxidoreductase related to cytochrome P450reduc-tase (CPR). The FAD/NADPH- and FMN-binding domains of NR1 have been expressed and purified and their redox properties studied by stopped-flow and steady-state kinetic methods, and by potentiometry.

12p tumor12 20-04-2013 41 2   Download

We used a PCR-based method to determine the genomic DNA sequences encoding phospholipases A2(PLA2s) from the venoms ofVipera aspis aspis(V. a. aspis),Vipera aspis zinnikeri (V. a. zinnikeri), Vipera berus berus(V. b. berus) and a neurotoxicV. a. aspissnake (neurotoxicV. a. aspis) from a population responsible for unusual neurotoxic envenomations in south-east France. We sequenced five groups of genes, each corresponding to a different PLA2.

10p fptmusic 16-04-2013 43 4   Download

Many organelle enzymes coded for by nuclear genes have N-terminal sequences, which directs them into the organelle (precursor) and are removed upon import (mature). The experiments described below charac-terize the differences between the precursor and mature forms of water-melon glyoxysomal malate dehydrogenase. Using recombinant protein methods, the precursor (p-gMDH) and mature (gMDH) forms were puri-fied to homogeneity using Ni 2+ –NTA affinity chromatography.

0p awards 05-04-2013 48 1   Download

The LmbB1 protein, participating in the biosynthesis of lincomycin,was heterologously expressed inEscherichia coli, purified in its active form, and characterized as a dimer of identical subunits. Methods for purification and analysis of the LmbB1 reaction product were developed. Molecular mass and fragmentation pattern of the product revealed by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry were in agree-ment with its proposed structure, 4-(3-carboxy-3-oxo-propenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid.

6p awards 05-04-2013 36 5   Download

During catalysis, the heme in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) binds NO before releasing it to the environment. Oxidation of the NOS ferrous heme–NO complex by O2 is key for catalytic cycling, but the mechanism is unclear. We utilized stopped-flow methods to study the reaction of O2 with ferrous heme–NO complexes of inducible and neuronal NOS enzymes.

10p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 49 3   Download

Many recent studies have reported that microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and function are related to the molecular mechanisms of various clinical diseases. Several methods, including northern blotting and DNA chip anal-yses, are capable of assessing miRNA-production patterns in cells. How-ever, the development of repetitive monitoring of the miRNA-production profile in a noninvasive manner is demanded for the application of miRNAs to human medicine.

10p viettel02 22-02-2013 42 2   Download

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Novel Multistatic Adaptive Microwave Imaging Methods for Early Breast Cancer Detection

13p dauphong20 10-03-2012 45 4   Download