Possible reaction mechanisms

Additionally, factors like pH, the amount of dye, the amount of the substance under study, and the brightness of the light were examined for their impact on the reaction rate. The efficiency of the reaction in using light was calculated. Finally, a possible explanation of how the reaction works was formulated in the proposed mechanism.

11p dianmotminh02 03-05-2024 3 2   Download

In ebook "Molecular computing: Origins and promises" an attempt was made to tell about the formation and development of the research on molecular devices of information processing that took place in the atmosphere full of hopes, enthusiasm, successes, and disappointments. It seems to me that it is necessary to write about this now, when there appeared a real possibility to create fundamentally new computing and information-logical devices on the molecular level.

228p tudohanhtau1006 29-03-2024 4 1   Download

Ebook "Anionic polymerization: Principles and practice" is composed of two parts encompassing 11 chapters that cover the aspects of the synthetic possibilities inherent in this system. Part I deals with the various aspects of anionic polymerization mechanism, including the monomers, initiators, solvents, and the involved initiation and propagation reactions. This part also describes the copolymerization and organolithium polymerization reactions of styrene and dienes.

243p coduathanh1122 27-03-2024 2 1   Download

Sugammadex has a unique mechanism of action and is widely used because of its safety and efficacy. A few recent reports have described allergic reactions to clinical doses of sugammadex. We hereby describe another series of cases of possible anaphylaxis to sugammadex.

5p viisaacnewton 26-04-2022 8 1   Download

A series of novel thiazoles and 1,3-thiazine derivatives were synthesized in good yield via reaction of ethyl 3-(1-(2-thiocarbamoylhydrazono)ethyl)-1,5-diphenyl-1H -pyrazole-4-carboxylate with hydrazonoyl halides and arylidenemalononitriles, respectively. The structure of the newly synthesized products was elucidated via elemental analysis, spectral data, and alternative routes whenever possible. Moreover, the antiviral screening of the products was evaluated and the results revealed that some of them have strong to moderate potency against the rabies virus compared with the reference drug.

13p langthannam 29-12-2021 6 0   Download

Herein, we proposed several mechanistic scenarios for activation of small molecules (NH3, CO2, CS2, H2, CH4, N2, and N2O) by a disilicon analogue of a vinyl anion (1H) using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT results established that all the possible reactions to yield a variety of potential products have an exergonic nature except for the activation of N2 with the obtained overall energy of ∆G = 33.6 kcal mol−1. Moreover, the highest exergonic character was ∆G = −95.8 kcal mol−1 for N2O.

113p tudichquannguyet 29-11-2021 7 1   Download

Based on the possible shared mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) for different drugs, we aimed to aggregate results of all previously published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on CIPN, and to replicate them within a cohort of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

9p vimanila2711 29-06-2020 12 0   Download

N-Heterocyclic carbenes are widely used in organic reactions and coordination chemistry. In the present study, 2,3-dihydro-1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene (1) is reacted with diphenyl disulfide, methyl phenyl disulfide, and bis(methylsulfonyl)methane to yield target compounds 5, 6, and 7 respectively.

6p tocectocec 25-05-2020 5 0   Download

A new class of injectable, biocompatible and biodegradable hydrogel is reported. This hydrogel is derived from N-succinyl chitosan (SCS) mixed with water-soluble dialdehyde starch (DAS) without using a conventional chemical crosslinker. The hybrid hydrogel is formed owing to the Schiff’s base reaction between amine groups of SCS and dialdehyde groups of DAS to form ACH‚NA group. SCS, DAS, and SCS–DAS hybrid hydrogels were synthesized and then characterized by FTIR analysis spectroscopy.

9p kequaidan1 16-11-2019 13 1   Download

The effects of postharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments on α-farnesene content, incidence of scald, and ethylene content of the Granny Smith apple were evaluated in this study.

7p danhdanh11 09-01-2019 17 2   Download

Chapter 4 - The Study of chemical reactions. In this chapter, students will be able to: Propose mechanisms and explain the steps for simple reactions such as free-radical halogenation; draw a reaction-energy diagram, and use it to identify the factors controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics of a reaction; use the mechanism, thermodynamics, and kinetics of a reaction to predict which of several possible products is the major product; identify reactive intermediates and explain their properties.

54p tangtuy02 11-03-2016 46 5   Download

We have analyzed several mathematical models that describe inhibition of the factor VIIa–tissue factor complex (VIIa–TF) by tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). At the core of these models is a common mechanism of TFPI action suggesting that only the Xa–TFPI complex is the inhibitor of the extrinsic tenase activity. However, the model based on this hypothesis could not explain well all the available experimental data. Here, we show that a good quantitative description of all experimental data could be achieved in a model that contains two more assumptions....

16p research12 01-06-2013 34 4   Download

The crystal structure of citrate synthase from the thermo-philic ArchaeonSulfolobus solfataricus(optimum growth temperature ¼85
C) has been determined, extending the number of crystal structures of citrate synthase from differ-ent organisms to a total of five that span the temperature range over which life exists (from psychrophile to hyper-thermophile). Detailed structural analysis has revealed possible molecular mechanisms that determine the different stabilities of thefiveproteins.

11p tumor12 22-04-2013 58 1   Download

DNA ligases are the enzymes responsible for the repair of single-strandedanddouble-strandednicks indsDNA.DNA ligases are structurally similar, possibly sharing a common molecular mechanism of nick recognition and ligation catalysis. This mechanism remains unclear, in part because the structure of ligase in complex with dsDNAhas yet to be solved.DNA ligases share common structural elementswith DNA polymerases, which have been cocrystallized with dsDNA. Based on the observed DNA polymerase–dsDNA interactions, we propose a mechanism for recognition of a single-stranded nick by DNA ligase....

7p tumor12 22-04-2013 37 1   Download

One of the hallmarks of cAMP is its ability to inhibit proliferation in many cell types, but stimulate proliferation in others. Clearly cAMP has cell type specific effects and the outcome on proliferation is largely attributed to crosstalk from cAMP to the RAS⁄RAF⁄mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)/ ERK pathway. We review the crosstalk between these two ancient and con-served pathways, describing the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between these pathways and discussing their possible biological importance....

14p fptmusic 11-04-2013 38 1   Download

Hypoxia and hypoxia-related genes are important factors in articular chon-drocytes during cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis. We have investi-gated the various apoptotic factors that show significance in synovial fluid obtained from normal and experimental osteoarthritic animal models and have evaluated the effect of hypoxia on articular chondrocyte apoptosis induced by these apoptotic factors.

11p vinaphone15 28-02-2013 36 1   Download

Newnes is an imprint of Butterworth–Heinemann. Copyright © 1999 by Butterworth–Heinemann A member of the Reed Elsevier group All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, with­ out the prior written permission of the publisher. Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, Butterworth–Heinemann prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mobley, R.

302p khangoc2392 12-08-2012 62 3   Download

content decreased (Agblevor et al. 1994). The equivalents of chlorine per equivalent of alkali or alkaline earth metals increased from 3.4 to 8.5 during this filtration. This suggests that the residual inorganics may be present as chlorides and that much of the chlorine may be in solution. Chloride ions in solution will have an adverse effect on corrosion of many metals, including stainless steels such as SS304. Compared to coal and many crude oils, biomass has a low sulfur content.

59p lulanphuong 22-03-2012 89 8   Download

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an important role in innate immunity. The role of TLR4 in stretched cardiomyocytes is not known. We sought to investigate whether mechanical stretch could regulate TLR4 expression, as well as the possible molecular mechanisms and signal pathways mediating the expression of TLR4 by cyclic mechanical stretch in cardiomyocytes. Methods: Neonatal Wistar rat cardiomyocytes grown on a flexible membrane base were stretched by vacuum to 20% of maximum elongation at 60 cycles/min.

13p toshiba23 18-11-2011 70 3   Download