The role of initiative

Initial public offerings (IPOs) underpricing is a widely researched area in finance literature. Yet, empirical evidence demonstrating and theoretical models explaining differences in underpricing across countries have remained an enigma in academia for a long time. This thesis consists of three independently interconnected essays that explain differences in underpricing observed across the Group of Twenty (G20) IPO markets.

365p runthenight04 02-02-2023 8 2   Download

The aim of this thesis is to integrate a consideration of individual and organisational factors to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the elements that may influence employees’ creativity and innovation. Five important factors are investigated in this thesis: leadership, the organisational climate, personal initiative, employees’ creativity, and employees’ innovation.

341p runthenight04 02-02-2023 13 5   Download

The aims of this thesis are informed by the limitations of existing research identified above. The overall objective of the thesis is to develop and test a framework of accountant identities (accountant subtypes) inferred from stereotypical perceptions and to identify the attributes that underlie the subtypes. The initial construction of the framework is based on the accountant stereotypes identified in existing research. The framework is constructed from two dimensions based on role (tasks performed by accountants) and character (perceived personality traits).

240p runthenight04 02-02-2023 6 2   Download

This study tries investigates the role of educational institutions to surpass the CSR for creating best human capital and also explores the significances of CSR for promoting education and various initiatives of companies in education sector as a corporate responsibility to expansion education.

8p guineverehuynh 20-06-2020 38 2   Download

Using a case study of Raglai ethnic families in Khanh Son, Khanh Vinh districts and Cam Ranh City (Khanh Hoa province), the paper initially explores the decision-making power of men and women in matriarchal families under the infl uences of the reformand integration process. The survey results show that the status, role and power of the wife and the husband in the family have changed considerably towards a positive trend.

8p 12120609 01-06-2020 28 2   Download

The role will drive campaign strategy and execution to fuel product sales. Working closely with cross-functional team members, this role has both strategic and tactical responsibility for supporting the achievement of revenue and income objectives. Develop and implement lifecycle maintenance campaigns for key products, including analyzing market research and sales analytics, ideating messaging, developing sales tools, identifying competitive threats and taking action to mitigate; and creating best in class marketing/PR initiatives to drive sales...

2p lanjingyi 18-03-2020 66 3   Download

This thesis researched the influence of ETBs on exporters from developing countries and their corresponding strategies through a case study of the Chinese organic food industry. Initially, a description of international trade and world export was developed, including their roles in the process of globalization. Trade barriers generated in international trade were then explained, with the focus on NTBs, especially ETBs. Lastly, the link between ETBs and market access was described and then the purpose of this study was proposed.

85p nguyenyenyn117 18-06-2019 48 5   Download

Assess an individual's preparation for Initiative Leadership roles, document the technical mastery of those currently in Initiative Leadership, provide benchmark data to eliminate gaps in our ability to meet current or future business needs.

4p bluepearlhcm 09-10-2015 54 10   Download

Cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands, the endocannabinoids, have been detected in several blood immune cells, including monocytes/macrophages, basophils and lymphocytes. However, their presence in dendritic cells, which play a key role in the initiation and development of the immune response, has never been investigated.

8p system191 01-06-2013 29 4   Download

mRNA stabilization plays an important role in the changes in protein expression initiated by inducers of inflammation or direct cell stress such as UV light. This study provides evidence that stabilization in response to UV light differs from that induced by proinflammatory stimuli such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide or interleukin (IL)-1. Firstly, UV-induced stabilization is independent of the p38 MAP kinase pathway, which has previously been shown to medi-ate stabilization induced by IL-1 or lipopolysaccharide....

10p tumor12 22-04-2013 45 2   Download

Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) plays an important role inmRNA translation by binding the 5¢-cap structure of themRNAand facilitating the recruitment to themRNAof other translation factors and the 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF4E can interact either with the scaffold protein eIF4Gor withrepressor proteins termed eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs). Highlevels of expression can disrupt cellular growthcontrol and are associated withhuman cancers.

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E2F transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of cell cycle progression. E2F6, the most recently identified member of the E2F family, is a retinoblastoma-protein-independent transcriptional repressor that is required for developmental patterning of the axial skeleton. It has recently been shown that theE2f6locus produces two different mRNAs, E2F6 and E2F6b. The E2F6b mRNA contains an additional exon that is inserted by alternative splicing.

7p tumor12 22-04-2013 33 1   Download

Caspases are a conserved family of cysteine proteases. They play diverse roles in inflammatory responses and apoptotic pathways. Among the casp-ases is a subgroup whose primary function is to initiate apoptosis. Within their long prodomains, caspases-2, -9 and -12 contain a caspase activation and recruitment domain while caspases-8 and -10 bear death effector domains.

18p fptmusic 12-04-2013 42 2   Download

In our attempt to obtain further information on the replication mechanism of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), we have studied the role of sequences at the 3¢-end of HCV minus-strand RNA in the initiation of synthesis of the viral genome by viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). In this report, we investigated the template and binding properties of mutated and deleted RNA fragments of the 3¢-end of the minus-strand HCV RNA in the presence of viral polymerase.

15p fptmusic 11-04-2013 54 3   Download

Exposure of blood to tissue factor (TF) rapidly initiates the coagulation serine protease cascades. TF is expressed by macrophages and other types of cell within atherosclerotic lesions and plays an important role in throm-bus formation after plaque rupture. Macrophage TF expression is induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inter-leukin-1band tumor necrosis factor-a. Here we demonstrate that activation of liver X receptors (LXRs) LXRaand LXRbsuppresses TF expression....

11p awards 06-04-2013 46 4   Download

We have identifiedDNA sequences required for the expres-sion of thepresenilin 1(PS1) gene. A promoter region has been mapped in SK-N-SH cells and includes sequences be-tween)118and+178flankingthemajor initiationsite (+1). ThePS1gene is also efficiently transcribed in the SH-SY5Y subclone of SK-N-SH cells. However the promoter appears tobeutilized inalternativeways inbothcell types. Sequences both upstream as well as downstream from the initiation site mapped in SK-N-SH cells were shown by 5¢-and3¢-deletion analysis to play a crucial role in both cell lines....

10p awards 05-04-2013 24 3   Download

Research on the regulation of transcription in mammals initially focused on the mechanism of transcriptional acti-vation and
positive control of gene regulation. In contrast, transcriptional repression and
negative control of gene transcription was viewed rather as part of the
prokaryotic book of biology. However, results obtained in recent years have shown convincingly that transcriptional repression mediated by repressor proteins is a common regulatory mechanism in mammals and may play a key role in many biological processes. ...

8p dell39 03-04-2013 38 3   Download

The C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II plays critical roles in the initiation, elongation and processing of primary transcripts. These activities are at least partially regulated by the phosphory-lation of the CTDby three cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs), namely CDK7, CDK8 and CDK9. In this study, we systematically compared the phosphorylation of differ-ent recombinant CTD substrates by recombinant CDK7/ CycH/MAT1, CDK8/CycCandCDK9/CycT1 kinases.We showed that CDK7, CDK8 and CDK9 produce different patterns of phosphorylation of the CTD. ...

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Three protein factors IF1, IF2 and IF3 are involved in the initiation of translation in prokaryotes. No clear function has been assigned to the smallest of these three factors, IF1. Therefore, to investigate the role of this protein in the initi-ation process inEscherichia coliwe have mutated the cor-responding gene infA. Because IF1 is essential for cell viability and no mutant selection has so far been described, the infA gene in a plasmid was mutated by site-directed mutagenesis in a strain with a chromosomalinfA + gene, followedbydeletionof thisinfA + gene.

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Subendothelial collagen plays an important role, via both direct and indir-ect mechanisms, in the initiation of thrombus formation at sites of vascular injury. Collagen binds plasma von Willebrand factor, which mediates plate-let recruitment to collagen under high shear.

11p galaxyss3 21-03-2013 42 4   Download