12 đề thi thử THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh năm 2018 có lời giải chi tiết

SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC<br /> <br /> ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA 2018 LẦN 1<br /> MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 12<br /> <br /> ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC<br /> (Đề thi có 04 trang)<br /> <br /> Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian giao đề<br /> Mã đề: 801<br /> <br /> (230951) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to<br /> complete each of the following exchanges.<br /> Câu 1: Tung: “Your shoes are terrific, Tuan. The colour quite suits you.”<br /> Tuan: “<br /> <br /> ”<br /> <br /> A. Really?<br /> <br /> B. Do you like them?<br /> <br /> C. You must be kidding. My shirt is nice, isn’t it? D. I’m glad you like them.<br /> Câu 2: Lan: “Would you say the Great Wall is among the seven man-made wonders of the world?”<br /> Trang: “<br /> <br /> ”<br /> <br /> A. That’s the least I could do.<br /> <br /> B. Do you think so, too?<br /> <br /> C. There’s no doubt about that.<br /> <br /> D. It was created by ancient Chinese people, wasn’t it?<br /> <br /> (230960) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the<br /> correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 3 to 7.<br /> Back in the 1960s and 1970s, the world was becoming more aware of the destructive effects of industry<br /> (3)<br /> <br /> the environment and people were starting to think seriously about ways of<br /> <br /> protecting the<br /> <br /> environment. One man who was particularly affected by this subject was Gerard Morgan-Grenville. As<br /> Morgan-Grenville travelled round earning his living as a gardener, he noticed signs of the damage that was<br /> being done to the countryside around him. It wasn't long before Morgan-Grenville decided that he had to do<br /> something about this situation. He felt that if people could be shown a better way of living then maybe they<br /> would be interested enough to try to protect their (4)<br /> <br /> environment.<br /> <br /> Mr. Morgan-Grenville decided to set up a project (5)<br /> <br /> would prove what was happening to our<br /> <br /> surroundings and what could be done about it. So, in 1975, Morgan-Grenville created the Centre for Alternative<br /> Technology (CAT) in a village in Wales.<br /> The main aim of CAT is to search for an ecologically better way of living by using technology which (6)<br /> no harm to the environment. One of the most important things CAT did initially was to explore and<br /> demonstrate a wide range of techniques and to point out which ones had the least destructive results on the<br /> world around us. (7)<br /> <br /> 1<br /> <br /> _, CAT provides information and advice to people all over Britain and all over the<br /> <br /> world. If more and more individuals are informed about how much damage our modern lifestyle is causing to<br /> the planet, maybe more of them would be prepared to look for practical solutions to environmental problems.<br /> Câu 3:<br /> <br /> A. for<br /> <br /> B. to<br /> <br /> C. with<br /> <br /> D. on<br /> <br /> Câu 4:<br /> <br /> A. worthless<br /> <br /> B. valueless<br /> <br /> C. precious<br /> <br /> D. priceless<br /> <br /> Câu 5:<br /> <br /> A. that<br /> <br /> B. he<br /> <br /> C. it<br /> <br /> D. this<br /> <br /> Câu 6:<br /> <br /> A. gets<br /> <br /> B. makes<br /> <br /> C. plays<br /> <br /> D. does<br /> <br /> Câu 7:<br /> <br /> A. Therefore<br /> <br /> B. However<br /> <br /> C. Moreover<br /> <br /> D. Although<br /> <br /> (230971) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part<br /> differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.<br /> Câu 8:<br /> <br /> A. volunteer<br /> <br /> B. trust<br /> <br /> C. fuss<br /> <br /> D. judge<br /> <br /> Câu 9:<br /> <br /> A. houses<br /> <br /> B. services<br /> <br /> C. passages<br /> <br /> D. techniques<br /> <br /> (230974) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to<br /> the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.<br /> Câu 10: Since the death of Laura's father, her mother has become a breadwinner to support the family.<br /> A. a person who bakes bread every morning<br /> <br /> B. a bakery-owner<br /> <br /> C. a person who delivers bread to make money<br /> <br /> D. a person who goes out to work to earn money<br /> <br /> Câu 11: Peter is the black sheep of the family, so he is never welcomed there.<br /> A. a beloved member<br /> <br /> B. a bad and embarrassing member<br /> <br /> C. the only child<br /> <br /> D. the eldest child<br /> <br /> (230984) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs<br /> correction in each of the following questions.<br /> Câu 12: Children are expected to make the right thing both at school and at home.<br /> A. to make<br /> <br /> B. the<br /> <br /> C. are expected<br /> <br /> D. both<br /> <br /> Câu 13: We will have a fund-raising dinner at Rex Hotel tonight.<br /> A. at<br /> <br /> B. will have<br /> <br /> C. a<br /> <br /> D. fund-raising<br /> <br /> Câu 14: It was on 12th April, 1961 when the first human, a Soviet cosmonaut, flew into space.<br /> A. a Soviet cosmonaut<br /> <br /> B. when<br /> <br /> C. flew<br /> <br /> D. into space<br /> <br /> (231004) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning<br /> to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.<br /> Câu 15: His physical condition was not an impediment to his career as a violinist. He has won a lot of prizes.<br /> A. difficulty<br /> <br /> B. barrier<br /> <br /> C. advantage<br /> <br /> D. disadvantage<br /> <br /> Câu 16: Both universities speak highly of the programme of student exchange and hope to cooperate more in the<br /> future.<br /> 2<br /> <br /> A. express disapproval of<br /> <br /> B. voice opinions on<br /> <br /> C. find favor with<br /> <br /> D. resolve a conflict over<br /> <br /> (231014) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the<br /> correct answer to each of the questions from 17 to 24.<br /> The difference between the nuclear family and the extended family is that a nuclear family refers to a single<br /> basic family unit of parents and their children, whereas the extended family refers to their relatives such as<br /> grandparents, in-laws, aunts and uncles, etc. In many cultures, and particularly indigenous societies, the latter<br /> is the most common basic form of social organization.<br /> A nuclear family is limited, according to Kristy Jackson of Colorado State University, to one or two parents<br /> (e.g. a father and mother) and their own child, or children, living together in a single house or other dwellings.<br /> In anthropology, they only must be related in this fashion; there is no upper or lower limit on the number of<br /> children in a nuclear family.<br /> The extended family is a much more nebulous term, but in essence refers to kin or relations not covered by<br /> the above definition. In historical Europe and Asia as well as in Middle Eastern, African, and South American<br /> Aboriginal cultures, extended family groups were typically the most basic unit of social organization. The term<br /> can differ in specific cultural settings, but generally includes people related in age or by lineage.<br /> Anthropologically, the term “extended family” refers to such a group living together in a household, often with<br /> three generations living together (grandparents, parents, and children) and headed in patriarchal societies by<br /> the eldest man or by some other chosen leadership figure. However, in common parlance, the term “extended<br /> family” is often used by people simply to refer to their cousins, aunts, uncles, and so on, even though they are<br /> not living together in a single group.<br /> Historically, most people in the world have lived in extended family groupings rather than in nuclear<br /> families. This was even true in Europe and in the early United States, where multiple generations often lived<br /> together for economic reasons. During the 20th century, average income rose high enough that living apart as<br /> nuclear families became a viable option for the vast majority of the American population. In contrast, many<br /> indigenous societies and residents of developing countries continue to have multiple generations living in the<br /> same household. The rise of the nuclear family in the modern West does not necessarily mean that family<br /> arrangements have stabilized, either. The rapid growth in single-parent households, for instance, also represents<br /> a substantial change in the traditional nuclear family. More couples are also choosing not to have children at all.<br /> Câu 17: What is the passage mainly about?<br /> A. The dominance of nuclear families over extended ones<br /> B. The dominance of extended families over nuclear ones<br /> C. A distinction between nuclear families and extended ones<br /> 3<br /> <br /> D. The changes of family types over times<br /> Câu 18: The word “the latter” in paragraph 1 refers to<br /> A. family unit<br /> <br /> B. relatives<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> C. the nuclear family<br /> <br /> D. the extended family<br /> <br /> Câu 19: Historically, extended families were the most basic unit of social organization in all of the following<br /> places EXCEPT<br /> A. The Middle East<br /> <br /> .<br /> B. Asia<br /> <br /> C. North America<br /> <br /> D. Europe<br /> <br /> Câu 20: The word “patriarchal” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> A. ruled or controlled by men<br /> <br /> B. equal for both men and women<br /> <br /> C. simple with no rules and laws<br /> <br /> D. modern with advanced facilities<br /> <br /> Câu 21: According to the passage, single-parent households<br /> <br /> .<br /> <br /> A. are not defined by anthropologists<br /> <br /> B. are the existing trend of family arrangement<br /> <br /> C. are included in the term “nuclear family”<br /> <br /> D. are on the decrease<br /> <br /> Câu 22: The word “viable” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by<br /> A. impossible<br /> <br /> B. possible<br /> <br /> C. explainable<br /> <br /> .<br /> D. fashionable<br /> <br /> Câu 23: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?<br /> A. Since the 20th century, more and more American couples have lived in extended families because of the<br /> financial burdens.<br /> B. Nuclear families are the most basic form of social organization all over the world.<br /> C. The popularity of nuclear families in western countries helps to stabilize family arrangement.<br /> D. Traditional nuclear families have changed a lot over times.<br /> Câu 24: What can be inferred from the reading passage?<br /> A. Indigenous communities have been completely eradicated all over the world.<br /> B. In the future, all extended families will be replaced by nuclear ones.<br /> C. Anthropology is a science concerning human race and its development.<br /> D. Couples with no children can’t be defined as families.<br /> (231051) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in<br /> meaning to each of the following questions.<br /> Câu 25: She didn’t understand the benefits of volunteering until she joined this club.<br /> A. Not until she joined this club did she understand the benefits of volunteering.<br /> B. It was not until she joined this club did she understand the benefits of volunteering.<br /> C. Not until did she join this club, she understood the benefits of volunteering.<br /> D. Not until she joined this club that she understood the benefits of volunteering.<br /> Câu 26: He didn’t prepare well for his GCSE examination and he regrets it now.<br /> 4<br /> <br /> A. Unless he had prepared well for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now.<br /> B. But for his ill preparation for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now.<br /> C. If it hadn’t been for his good preparation for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now.<br /> D. If he had prepared well for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t have regretted it now.<br /> Câu 27: People believe that Chinese people invented paper.<br /> A. Paper is believed to have been invented by Chinese people.<br /> B. Paper is believed to be invented by Chinese people.<br /> C. It was believed that Chinese people invent paper.<br /> D. Chinese people are believed to invent paper.<br /> (231065) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the<br /> correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.<br /> The weather is a national obsession in Britain, perhaps because it is so changeable. It's the national talking<br /> point, and most people watch at least one daily weather forecast. Most of the viewers imagine that the presenter<br /> does little more than arrive at the studio a few minutes before the broadcast, read the weather, and then go<br /> home.<br /> In fact, this image is far from the truth. The two-minute bulletin which we all rely on when we need to know<br /> tomorrow's weather is the result of a hard day's work by the presenter, who is actually a highly-qualified<br /> meteorologist.<br /> Every morning, after a weather forecaster arrives at the TV studios, his/her first task of the day is to collect<br /> the latest data from the National Meteorological Office. The information is very detailed and includes<br /> predictions, satellite and radar pictures, as well as more technical data. After gathering all the relevant material<br /> from this office, the forecaster has to translate the scientific terminology and maps into images and words which<br /> viewers can easily understand. The final broadcast is then carefully planned. The presenter decides what to say<br /> and in what order to say it. Next a “story board” is drawn up which lays out the script word for word.<br /> The time allocated for each broadcast can also alter. This is because the weather report is screened after the<br /> news, which can vary in length. The weather forecaster doesn't always know how much time is available, which<br /> means that he/she has to be thoroughly prepared so that the material can be adapted to the time available.<br /> What makes weather forecasting more complicated is that it has to be a live broadcast and cannot be prerecorded. Live shows are very nerve-racking for the presenter because almost anything can go wrong. Perhaps the<br /> most worrying aspect for every weather forecaster is getting the following day's predictions wrong. Unfortunately<br /> for them, this is not an unusual occurrence; the weather is not always possible to predict accurately.<br /> These days, a weather forecaster's job is even more complicated because they are relied upon to predict other<br /> environmental conditions. For<br /> 5<br /> <br /> example, in the summer the weather forecast has to include the pollen count for<br /> <br />