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Bài giảng Vật liệu học: Chương 3 - Cấu tạo của hợp kim và giản đồ pha

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Bài giảng "Vật liệu học" Chương 3 - Cấu tạo của hợp kim và giản đồ pha, cung cấp cho sinh viên những kiến thức như: Cấu tạo tinh thể của hợp kim; Giản đồ pha; Giản đồ pha Fe - C (Fe - Fe3C). Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo!

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