Course 2277C: Implementing, managing, and maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network infrastructure: Network services - Module 1

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Module 1: Allocating IP addressing by using dynamic host configuration protocol. This module provides you with the knowledge and skills to allocate IP addressing in a network environment. After completing this module, students will be able to: Describe the role of DHCP in the network infrastructure, add and authorize a DHCP Server service, configure a DHCP scope.

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Nội dung Text: Course 2277C: Implementing, managing, and maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network infrastructure: Network services - Module 1

Module 1: Allocating IP Addressing by Using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Overview • Multimedia: The Role of DHCP in the Network Infrastructure • Adding and Authorizing the DHCP Server Service • Configuring a DHCP Scope • Configuring DHCP Reservations and Options • Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent
Multimedia: The Role of DHCP in the Network Infrastructure • The objective of this presentation is to provide a highlevel overview of DHCP in the network infrastructure • At the end of this presentation, you will be able to: – Explain what DHCP is – Describe how DHCP works – Explain how routers can forward DHCP broadcast packets – Describe how a DHCP relay agent works
Lesson: Adding and Authorizing the DHCP Server Service • Why Use DHCP? • What Is Automatic Private IP Addressing? • How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses • How the DHCP Lease Generation Process Works • How the DHCP Lease Renewal Process Works • How a DHCP Server Service Is Authorized • Practice: Adding and Authorizing a DHCP Server Service
Why Use DHCP? DHCP reduces the complexity and amount of administrative work by using automatic TCP/IP configuration Manual TCP/IP Automatic TCP/IP Configuration IP addresses are Configuration IP addresses are entered manually supplied automatically IP address could be Correct configuration entered incorrectly information is ensured Communication and Client configuration is network issues can updated automatically result A common source of Frequent computer network problems is moves increase eliminated administrative effort
What Is Automatic Private IP Addressing? APIPA automatically self-configures addresses when there is no DHCP server available Advantages Disadvantages Serves as a DHCP Forces assignment server failover of addresses mechanism for small typically not used networks Conceals possible Automatically assigns connectivity an IP address in a problems specific range Does not work outside 169.254.x.x subnet Is not routable
How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses DHCP Client2: Non-DHCP Client: IP configuration Static IP from DHCP server configuration Lease Renewal Lease Generation DHCP Server DHCP Client1: DHCP IP configuration Database IP Address1: Leased to DHCP from DHCP server Client1 IP Address2: Leased to DHCP Client2 IP Address3: Available to be leased
How the DHCP Lease Generation Process Works DHCP Server2 DHCP DHCP DHCP Server1 Server1 Client DHCP DHCP client client broadcasts broadcasts aa 1 DHCPDISCOVER DHCPDISCOVER packet packet DHCP DHCP servers servers broadcast broadcast aa DHCPOFFER DHCPOFFER 2 packet packet DHCP DHCP client client broadcasts broadcasts aa 3 DHCPREQUEST DHCPREQUEST packet packet DHCP DHCP Server1 Server1 broadcasts broadcasts aa DHCPACK DHCPACK 4 packet packet
How the DHCP Lease Renewal Process Works DHCP DHCP Server2 Server2 DHCP Client DHCP DHCP Server1 Server1 50% of lease 87.5% 50% 100% of durationof of lease has duration expired has has expired expired If1theDHCP DHCP clientClient client fails sends sends to a renewaDHCPREQUEST DHCPREQUEST its it’slease, lease,after after 50% 87.5%of 1 thethe of packet packet lease lease duration has expired, has expired, then the then DHCP the lease DHCP leaseDHCP generation renewalprocess process starts willaover beginagain againwith after a 22 DHCP 87.5%client DHCP Server1 Server1 sends sends of thebroadcasting lease duration aDHCPACK DHCPACK packet a DHCPDISCOVER has expired packet
How a DHCP Server Service Is Authorized If DHCP DHCP Server1 Server1 checks finds its with the domain IP address on the list, the controller serviceto obtain starts anda list Domain of authorized supports DHCP DHCP clients Controll servers DHCP Server1 er Authorized Active Services DHCP Directo requests ry DHCP Server2 DHCP Client Unauthorized DHCP If DHCPServer2 Server2checks does with not DHCP client thereceives find its IP address IP on the Does not domain list, the address controller to obtain service does not service DHCP from authorized start and a support DHCP list of DHCP Server1 requests authorized DHCP servers clients DHCP authorization is the process of registering the DHCP Server service in the Active Directory domain to support DHCP clients
Practice: Adding and Authorizing a DHCP Server Service In this practice, you will: • Add a DHCP server • Authorize the DHCP Server service
Lesson: Configuring a DHCP Scope • What Are DHCP Scopes? • Demonstration: Configuring a DHCP Scope • What Are Superscopes and Multicast Scopes? • What Is Network Monitor? • Practice: Configuring a DHCP Scope
What Are DHCP Scopes? A scope is a range of IP addresses that are available to be leased DHCP Server LAN A LAN B Scope Scope A B Scope Properties Network ID Lease Scope name duration Subnet mask Exclusion Network IP range address range
Demonstration: Configuring a DHCP Scope Your instructor will demonstrate how to: Configure a DHCP scope Activate a DHCP scope
What Are Superscopes and Multicast Scopes? DHCP Server LAN A LAN A Scope A and Scope B DHCP Server LAN A LAN B Scope Scope A B
What Is Network Monitor? Network Monitor: 2 3 • Captures a sample of network traffic • Uses filters to select specific packets • Decodes the packets 1 • Compiles network 4 statistics
Practice: Configuring a DHCP Scope In this practice, you will: • Configure two DHCP scopes • Configure a DHCP superscope • Verify IP address allocation by using Network Monitor
Lesson: Configuring DHCP Reservations and Options • What Is a DHCP Reservation? • What Are DHCP Options? • Demonstration: Configuring DHCP Reservations and Options • How DHCPServer, Scope, and ReservedClient Options Are Applied • How DHCP ClassLevel Options Are Applied • Practice: Configuring DHCP Reservations Options
What Is a DHCP Reservation? A reservation is a specific IP address, within a scope, that is permanently reserved for lease to a specific DHCP client Workstatio File and n1 Print Server Subnet A Subnet B DHCP Workstati Server on 2 IP Address1: Leased to Workstation 1 IP Address2: Leased to Workstation 2 IP Address3: Reserved for File and Print Server
What Are DHCP Options? DHCP options are configuration parameters that a DHCP server assigns to clients DHCP Client DHCP Client IP Configuration Data Client’s IP address Client’s subnet mask DHCP options DHCP Server