I l l - CO QUAN NHA Nl/OiC<br />
QUOC H O I , H O I DONG NHAN DAN<br />
Cau hoi: Quo'c hoi niidc Cong hba xd hoi chu<br />
nghia Viet Nam c6 vai trb, nhiem vu gi?<br />
T r a Idi:<br />
Quoc hoi la cd quan dai bieu cua nhan dan ca midc.<br />
Theo Hien phdp nam 1992 (Da dUdc siia. doi, bo<br />
sung nam 2001), Quo'c hoi la cd quan dai bieu cao<br />
nhat cua nhan dan, cd quan quyen luc nha n\idc<br />
cao nhat cua nii6c Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet<br />
Nam. Quoc hoi la cd quan duy nhat c6 quyen lap<br />
hien va lap phap; quyet dinh nhiing chinh sach cd<br />
ban ve doi noi va doi ngoai, nhiem vu kinh te - xa<br />
hoi, quoc phong, an ninh cua dat nxidc, nhiing<br />
nguyen tac chu yeu ve to chCfc va hoat dong cua bo<br />
may nha nxldc, ve quan he xa hoi va hoat dong cua<br />
cong dan; thuc hien quyen giam sat toi cao doi vdi<br />
toan bo hoat dong ciaa Nha nu6c.<br />
Quoc hoi CO nhUng nhiem vu sau:<br />
1. Lam Hien phap va s^a doi Hien phap; lam<br />
luat va stta doi luat, quyet dinh chiidng trinh xay<br />
dung luat, phap lenh.<br />
158<br />
<br />
2. ThUc hien quyen giam sat toi cao viec tuan<br />
theo Hien phdp, luat va nghi quyet cua Quoc hoi;<br />
xet bao cao hoat dong cua Chu tich nu6c, Uy ban<br />
Thiidng vu Quoc hoi, Chinh phii, Toa an nhan dan<br />
toi cao, Vien Kiem sat nhan dan to'i cao.<br />
3. Quyet dinh ke hoach phat trien kinh te - xa<br />
hoi cua dat nUdc.<br />
4. Quyet dinh chmh sach tai chinh, tien te quoc<br />
gia, quyet dinh du toan ngan sach nha nU6c va<br />
phan bo ngan sach trung Udng; phe chuan quyet<br />
toan ngan sach nha nu6c; quy dinh, stfa doi hoac<br />
bai bo cac thijf thue.<br />
5. Quyet dinh chinh sach dan toe, ton giao cua<br />
Nha niidc.<br />
6. Quy dinh to chile va hoat dong cua Quoc hoi,<br />
Chii tich niictc, Chinh phu, Toa an nhan dan, Vien<br />
Kiem sat nhan dan va chinh quyen dia phUdng.<br />
7. Bau, mien nhiem, bai nhiem Chii tich niidc,<br />
Pho Chu tich nude, Chu tich Quoc hoi, cac Pho<br />
Chia tich Quoc hoi va cac uy vien Uy ban Thiidng<br />
vu Quoc hoi, Thu tudng Chinh phu, Chanh an Toa<br />
an nhan dan toi cao, Vien trUcing Vien kiem sat<br />
nhan dan toi cao; phe chuan de nghi cua Thii<br />
tudng Chinh phvi ve viec bo nhiem, mien nhiem,<br />
each chile Pho Thii tiidng, Bo triidng va cac thanh<br />
vien khac ciia Chinh phii; phe chuan de nghi ciia<br />
Chu tich nudc ve danh sach thanh vien Hoi dong<br />
quoc phong va an ninh; bo phieu tin nhiem doi vdi<br />
nhUng ngUdi givi chile vu do Quoc hoi bau hoac<br />
phe chuan.<br />
159<br />
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8. Quyet d i n h t h a n h lap, bai bo cac bo, cd quan<br />
<br />
Trifdng hdp dac biet, neu diidc i t nhat h a i phan<br />
<br />
ngang bo cua C h i n h p h u ; t h a n h lap m6i, nhap,<br />
<br />
ba tong so' dai bieu Quoc hoi bieu quyet t a n t h a n h<br />
<br />
chia, dieu chinh dia gi6i t i n h , t h a n h pho' triic<br />
thuoc t r u n g Udng; t h a n h lap hoac giai the ddn v i<br />
h a n h chinh - k i n h te dac biet.<br />
9. Bai bo cac v a n b a n ciia Chu tich n\idc, Uy<br />
ban Thutdng trUc Quoc hoi, Chinh phii, T h u tadng<br />
C h i n h p h u , Toa an n h a n dan toi cao, Vien kiem<br />
sat nhan dan t o i cao t r a i v6i Hien phap, l u a t va<br />
cac nghi quyet cua Quoc hoi.<br />
10. Quyet d i n h dai xa.<br />
11. Quy d i n h h a m , cap trong cac lUc lUdng v u<br />
t r a n g nhan dan, h a m , cap ngoai giao va nhutng<br />
ham, cap nha nUdc khac; quy dinh huan chiidng,<br />
huy chifdng va danh hieu v i n h d\i N h a nUdc.<br />
12. Quyet dinh van de chien t r a n h va hoa binh;<br />
quy dinh ve t i n h trang k h a n cap, cac bien phap dac<br />
biet khac bao dam quoc phong va an n i n h quoc gia.<br />
13. Quyet dinh chinh sach cd ban ve doi ngoai;<br />
<br />
t h i Quoc hoi quyet d i n h r u t ngSn hoac keo dai<br />
nhiem ky cua m i n h . Quoc hoi hop m6i n a m h a i k y<br />
do Uy ban ThUdng v u Quoc h o i t r i e u t a p . T r i i d n g<br />
hdp Chu tich niidc, T h u tadng C h i n h p h u hoac i t<br />
nhat mot phan ba tong so d a i bieu Quoc hoi yeu<br />
c^u hoac theo quyet<br />
<br />
d i n h cua m i n h , Uy ban<br />
<br />
ThUdng v u Quoc hoi t r i e u t a p Quoc hoi hop bat<br />
thUdng. K y hop t h i i nhat cua Quoc hoi khoa mdi<br />
dUdc t r i e u tap cham nhat la h a i thang ke tCf ngay<br />
b^u cvL dai bieu Quoc hoi, do C h u tich Quoc hoi<br />
khoa trudc k h a i mac va chti toa cho den k h i Quoc<br />
hoi bau C h u tich Quoc hoi khoa mdi.<br />
C a u h o i : Ld cd quan thi/dng trUc cua Quoc hoi,<br />
Uy ban ThUdng vu Quoc hoi diiac lap ra nhii the<br />
nao va c6 nhUng nhiem vu gi?<br />
T r a Idi:<br />
<br />
phe chuan hoac bai bo dieu \idc quoc te do Chii<br />
<br />
Theo H i e n phap, Uy ban Thiidng v u Quoc hoi la<br />
<br />
t i c h nUdc trUc tiep k y , phe chuan hoac bai bo cac<br />
<br />
Cd quan thifdng trUc cua Quoc hoi, do Quoc h o i<br />
<br />
dieu Udc quoc te khac da diidc k y ket hoac gia<br />
<br />
bau r a t a i k y hop t h i i n h a t cua moi khoa Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
nhap theo de nghi ciia C h i i tich nxidc.<br />
<br />
U y ban ThUdng v u Quoc hoi thuc hien cac<br />
<br />
14. Quyet dinh viec t r i f n g cau y dan.<br />
<br />
nhiem v u , quyen han theo quy dinh cua phap luat,<br />
<br />
Nhiem k y m6i khoa Quoc hoi la n a m nam.<br />
<br />
chiu trach nhiem va bao cao cong tac trifdc Quoc<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi khoa mdi phai dadc bau xong trUdc hai<br />
<br />
hoi. Uy ban Thitdng vu Quoc hoi to chiic va hoat<br />
<br />
t h a n g k h i Quoc hoi het nhiem ky. Bau cvl Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
dgng theo nguyen tac tap trung ddn chu, lam viec<br />
<br />
theo nguyen tSc pho thong, b i n h ding, triic tiep va<br />
<br />
theo chedg<br />
<br />
bo phieu k i n . The le bau cu( va so lifdng dai bieu<br />
<br />
Thudng v u Quoc hoi gom c6 Chii tich, cac Pho C h i i<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi do luat dinh.<br />
<br />
tich va cac uy vien. So t h a n h vien Uy ban ThiJdng<br />
<br />
^m<br />
<br />
tap the, quyet dinh theo da so'. Uy ban<br />
<br />
161<br />
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v u Quoc hoi do Quoc hoi quyet d i n h . T h a n h vien<br />
<br />
7. Chi dao, dieu hoa, phoi hdp hoat dong cua<br />
<br />
Uy ban ThUdng v u Qu6c hoi khong the dong thdi<br />
<br />
hoi dong dan toe va cac iiy ban ciia Quoc hoi;<br />
<br />
la t h a n h vien C h i n h p h u .<br />
<br />
hifdng d i n va bao dam dieu kien hoat dong cua<br />
cac dai bieu Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
Uy ban Thubng vu Quoc hoi c6 nhUng nhiem vu<br />
vd quyen han sau<br />
<br />
day:<br />
<br />
m<br />
<br />
8. Trong trUdng hdp Quoc hoi khong the hop<br />
<br />
1. Cong bo va chu t r i viec bau ctf dai bieu Quoc hoi;<br />
<br />
" d i i d c , quyet d i n h viec tuyen bo' t i n h t r a n g chien<br />
<br />
2. To chiic viec chuan h i , t r i e u tap va chu t r i<br />
<br />
t r a n h k h i niidc nha bi xam lUdc va bao cao Quoc<br />
hoi xem xet, quyet d i n h tai ky hop gan nhat ciia<br />
<br />
cac k y hop Quoc hoi;<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
3. Giai t h i c h H i e n phap, luat, phap lenh;<br />
4. Ra phap lenh ve nhutng v a n de dUdc Quoc hoi<br />
giao.<br />
<br />
'<br />
<br />
5. Giam sat viec t h i hanh H i e n phap, luat, nghi<br />
<br />
9. Quyet d i n h tong dong vien hoac dong vien<br />
cue bo; ban bo' t i n h t r a n g k h a n cap trong ca nUctc<br />
hoac d tifng dia phUdng.<br />
<br />
quyet cua Quoc hoi, phap lenh, nghi quyet cua Uy<br />
<br />
10. Thvfc hien quan he do'i ngoai cua Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
ban Thiidng v u Quoc hoi; giam sat boat dong cua<br />
<br />
11. To chiic trUng cau y dan theo quyet d i n h<br />
<br />
Chinh phti, Toa an nhan dan toi cao, Vien kiem sat<br />
nhan dan toi cao; d i n h chi viec t h i hanh cac van<br />
ban ctia Chinh phu, T h u tiJdng Chinh phti, Toa an<br />
nhan dan toi cao, Vien k i e m sat nhan dan toi cao<br />
t r a i vdi Hien phap, luat, nghi quyet cua Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
ciia Quoc hoi.<br />
C a u h o i : La<br />
<br />
ngi/di diing<br />
<br />
ddu<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi,<br />
<br />
Chu<br />
<br />
tich Quoc hoi c6 nhUng nhiem vu gi?<br />
Tra<br />
<br />
Idi:<br />
<br />
va t r i n h Quoc hoi quyet d i n h viec huy bo cac van<br />
<br />
Chu tich Quoc hoi la chiic danh ngiidi lanh dao<br />
<br />
ban do; huy bo van ban cua Chinh phii, T h i i tudng<br />
<br />
cap cao, diing dau cd quan lap phap niidc Cong<br />
<br />
Chinh phu, Toa an nhan dan toi cao, Vien kiem sat<br />
<br />
hoa xa hoi chii nghia Viet N a m , do Quoc hoi bau,<br />
<br />
nhan dan toi cao t r a i v6i phap lenh, nghi quyet cua<br />
<br />
mien nhiem, bai nhiem.<br />
<br />
Uy ban Thvfdng v u Quoc hoi.<br />
6. Giam sat va hiidng dan hoat dong cua hoi dong<br />
<br />
Theo Hien phap va Luat To chiic Quoc hoi, Chu<br />
tich Quoc hoi c6 nhiMg nhiem vu, quyen han<br />
<br />
sau:<br />
<br />
nhan dan; bai bo cac nghi quyet sai t r a i ciia hoi<br />
<br />
1. Chu toa cac phien hop ciia Quoc hoi, bao dam<br />
<br />
dong nhan dan tinh, thanh pho' tnJc thuoc t r u n g<br />
<br />
t h i hanh quy che dai bieu Quoc hoi, noi quy k y<br />
<br />
Udng; giai tan hoi dong nhan dan tinh, thanh pho<br />
<br />
hop Quoc hoi; k y chufng thiic luat, nghi quyet ciia<br />
<br />
true thuoc t r u n g Udng k h i hoi dong nhan dan do lam<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
thiet hai nghiem trong den Idi ich ciia nhan dan.<br />
162<br />
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2. L a n h dao cong tac cua Uy ban ThUdng v u<br />
163<br />
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Quoc hoi; d u k i e n chUdng t r i n h l a m viec, chi dao<br />
viec chuan b i , t r i e u tap va chu toa cac phien hop<br />
cua Uy ban ThUdng v u Quoc hoi; k y phap lenh,<br />
n g h i quyet cua Uy ban Thiidng v u Quoc hoi.<br />
3. T r i e u tap va chu toa hoi nghi chu tich hoi<br />
dong dan toe va chu nhiem Uy ban ctia Quoc hoi<br />
ban chiidng t r i n h boat dong cua Quoc hoi, cua Hoi<br />
dong dan toe va cac uy ban cvia Quoc hoi; t h a m du<br />
phien hop cua H o i dong dan toe va cac uy ban cua<br />
Quoc hoi k h i xet thay can thiet.<br />
5. Chi dao viec thuc hien k i n h p h i hoat dong<br />
cua Quoc hoi.<br />
6. Chi dao va to chiic viec thUc hien cong tac doi<br />
ngoai cua Quoc hoi, thay mat Quoc hoi trong quan<br />
he doi ngoai cua Quoc hoi, l a n h dao hoat dong cua<br />
Doan Quoc hoi Viet N a m t r o n g cac to chiic lien<br />
m i n h n g h i vien the gi6i va k h u vUc.<br />
dai<br />
<br />
nhUng nhiem vu gi?<br />
<br />
dong cua m i n h va ciia Quoc hoi; t r a Idi nhutng yeu<br />
cau va k i e n nghi cua cii t r i ; xem xet, don doc, theo<br />
doi viec giai quyet k h i e u nai, to" cao cua cong dan<br />
va hiidng dan, giup dd cong dan thUc hien cac quyen<br />
do; pho bien va van dong nhan dan thiic hien H i e n<br />
D a i bieu Quoc hoi c6 quyen chat v a n Chu tich<br />
nifdc, Chu t i c h Quoc hoi, T h u t i i d n g C h i n h p h i i ,<br />
bo trUcing va cac t h a n h vien khac cua C h i n h p h u ,<br />
Chanh an Toa an n h a n dan t o i cao, V i e n trUcing<br />
Vien k i e m sat nhan dan t o i cao. N g i i d i b i chat<br />
van phai t r a Idi t a i k y hop Quoc hoi; t r o n g trUdng<br />
hdp can dieu t r a t h i Quoc hoi c6 the quyet d i n h<br />
t a i k y hop sau cua Quoc hoi hoac cho t r a Idi bang<br />
van ban.<br />
D a i bieu Quoc hoi c6 quyen yeu cau cac cd quan<br />
nha midc, to chufc xa hoi, to chiifc k i n h te, ddn v i<br />
<br />
T r a Idi:<br />
dai<br />
<br />
bieu cua nhdn ddn, do cii tri d titng dcfn vi bdu cu'<br />
bdu ra, vdi nhiem ky nam ndm; la ngUdi dai dien<br />
cho y chi, nguyen vqng cua nhdn ddn, khong<br />
<br />
chi<br />
<br />
dai dien cho nhdn ddn d dcfn vi bdu cii bdu<br />
<br />
ra<br />
<br />
minh ma con dai dien cho nhdn ddn cd niCdc.<br />
D a i bieu Quoc hoi phai lien he chat che vdi cu<br />
164<br />
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hien che do tiep xuc va bao cao vdi c\i t r i ve hoat<br />
<br />
cho t r a Idi trUdc Uy ban T h i l d n g v u Quoc hoi hoac<br />
<br />
bieu Quoc hoi diCdc bdu ciC nhiC the ndo vd c6<br />
<br />
D a i bieu Quoc hoi la ngi/cfi diidc bdu Idm<br />
<br />
anh t r u n g thuc y chi va nguyen vong cua c^ t r i vdi<br />
Quoc hoi va cac cd quan nha nvidc hufu quan; thUc<br />
<br />
phap, l u a t va nghi quyet cua Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
4. G i i i moi quan he vdi dai bieu Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
C a u h o i : Ld ngiCbi dai bieu cua nhdn dan,<br />
<br />
t r i , chiu sU giam sat cua c^ t r i ; t h u thap va phan<br />
<br />
vii t r a n g t r a Idi nhiJng va'n de ma dai bieu Quoc<br />
hoi quan tarn. NgUdi p h u trach cua cac cd quan, to<br />
chiic, ddn v i nay c6 trach nhiem t r a Idi nhutng van<br />
de ma dai bieu Quoc hoi yeu cau t r o n g thdi gian<br />
nhat d i n h .<br />
K h o n g C O sii dong y ciia Quoc h o i va t r o n g<br />
thdi g i a n Quoc hoi k h o n g hop, k h o n g c6 sU dong<br />
y ciia Uy ban T h i i d n g v u Quoc h o i t h i k h o n g<br />
165<br />
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dUdc b a t g i a m , t r u y to' d a i bieu Quoc h o i . Ne'u<br />
<br />
Hoi dong dan toe, cac U y ban cua Quoc h o i , cac<br />
<br />
p h a m t o i b i b a t qua t a n g ma d a i bieu Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
ban cua U y ban ThUdng v u Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
b i tarn g i i i , cd quan tarn giul p h a i lap txic bao cao<br />
<br />
V a n phong Quoc hoi diidc to chiic cac v u va cac<br />
<br />
de Quoc h o i hoac Uy b a n T h i f d n g v u Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
ddn v i tUdng dUdng triic tiep giup viec H o i dong<br />
<br />
xet va quyet d i n h .<br />
<br />
dan toe, cac U y ban cua Quoc hoi, cac ban ciia U y<br />
<br />
D a i bieu Quoc hoi phai danh thdi gian de lam<br />
<br />
ban Thvfdng v u Quoc hoi, cac ddn v i phuc v u<br />
chung, bao chi. Chti nhiem va cac Pho C h u nhiem<br />
<br />
nhiem v u dai bieu.<br />
U y ban Thifdng v u Quoc h o i , T h u tudng Chinh<br />
p h i i , cac bo trUclng, cac t h a n h vien cua Chinh phu<br />
<br />
Van phong Quoc hoi do U y ban Thifdng v u Quoc<br />
hoi bo nhiem, mien nhiem, each chiifc.<br />
<br />
- va cac cd quan khac ciia N h a na6c c6 t r a c h nhiem<br />
<br />
Chii nhiem V a n phong Quoc hoi la ngUdi diing<br />
<br />
cung cap t a i lieu can t h i e t ma dai bieu Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
dau V a n phong Quoc hoi, chiu trach nhiem triidc<br />
<br />
yeu cau va tao dieu kien de dai bieu Quoc hoi lam<br />
<br />
Uy ban Thiidng v u Quoc hoi ve cong tac ciia V a n<br />
<br />
nhiem v u dai bieu. N h a n\idc bao dam k i n h phi<br />
<br />
phong Quoic hoi. Bien che ciia V a n phong Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
hoat dong ciia dai bieu Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
do U y ban ThUdng v u Quoc hoi quyet d i n h .<br />
<br />
C a u h o i : NhiJCng cd quan ndo giup<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi,<br />
<br />
Uy ban Thudng vu Quoc hoi thitc hien cac nhiem<br />
vu do phdp luat quy dinh?<br />
<br />
2. Cac c(f quan cua Quoc hoi do Quoc hoi thanh<br />
lap<br />
Hoi dong dan toe; U y ban cac v a n de xa hoi; U y<br />
ban doi ngoai; U y ban Khoa hoc, cong nghe va M o i<br />
<br />
T r a Ibv.<br />
<br />
trUdng; U y ban K i n h te va Ngan sach; U y ban<br />
<br />
T h a m m i i u giup Quoc hoi, U y ban Thiidng vu<br />
<br />
Phap luat; U y ban Quoc phong va A n n i n h ; U y<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi va Chu tich, Pho C h u tich Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
ban V a n hoa, Qiao due, T h a n h nien, T h i e u nien va<br />
<br />
nghien cilu, t r i e n k h a i cac hoat dong theo quy<br />
<br />
N h i dong.<br />
<br />
d i n h cua phap l u a t c6 V a n phong Quoc hoi. Hoi<br />
dong dan toe, cac U y ban, ban cua Quoc hoi.<br />
<br />
Theo L u a t to chtfc Quoc hoi, cac cd quan noi<br />
tren la cd quan ciia Quoc hoi, do Quoc hoi t h a n h<br />
<br />
1. Van phong Quoc hoi<br />
<br />
lap, chiu trach nhiem bao cao hoat dong cua m i n h<br />
<br />
V a n phong Quoc hoi la cd quan giup viec cua<br />
<br />
trade Quoc hoi; trong thdi gian giiia k y hop Quoc<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi, C O chiic nang nghien ciiu, t h a m miiu<br />
<br />
hoi, bao cao hoat dong trade U y ban Thadng v u<br />
<br />
tong hdp va to chijtc phuc v u cac hoat dong cua<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi. H o i dong D a n toe c6 chii tich, pho chu<br />
<br />
Quoc hoi, U y ban Thiidng v u Quoc hoi, C h u tich<br />
<br />
tich va cac uy vien, cac U y ban c6 C h u nhiem, pho<br />
<br />
va cac Pho C h i i tich Quoc hoi; cac hoat dong cua<br />
<br />
chu nhiem va cac uy vien, do Quoc h o i xem xet,<br />
<br />
166<br />
<br />
167<br />
<br />
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