Đề cương ôn tập học kì 1 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2024-2025 - Trường THPT Bắc Thăng Long, Hà Nội

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Nội dung Text: Đề cương ôn tập học kì 1 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2024-2025 - Trường THPT Bắc Thăng Long, Hà Nội

Sở GD &ĐT Hà Nội ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ I NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 Trường THPT Bắc Thăng Long MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 12 A.MỤC ĐÍCH YÊU CẦU. * Giúp học sinh hệ thống lại kiến thức môn tiếng Anh lớp 12 học kỳ I bao gồm chủ yếu bài 3,4,5, ôn lại từ vựng và các chủ điểm ngữ pháp trong bài 3,4,5 * Yêu cầu học sinh nắm vững kiến thức chủ yếu trong từng đơn vị bài học và một số cấu chúc ngữ pháp đã được học trong bài 3,4,5. *nắm vững từ vựng hiểu nghĩa các từ đó và cách sử dụng trong ngôn ngữ tiếng Việt. * Hiểu được dạng thức thi theo CTGDPT 2018 từ đó phát triển năng lực theo dạng đề thi QG mới nhất. PRACTICE Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks. When holiday season is in full swing, sometimes the last thing you think about as a college student is finding a job. If you need to (1) __________ some extra money, finding holiday jobs for students has never been easier. When I was in college, I was able to take advantage of summer vacations to pick up a part-time job at a local company. In fact, the month long (2) _________ between semesters was a perfect chance to work hard and earn some extra spending money to get me (3) _________ the next semester at school. College students are perfectly situated to make the most of the holiday employment boost. Most holiday jobs are in the retail sector, (4) ________ allows for flexible hours. When school work tapers off, you can pick up more hours to make more money. (5) _________, the competition between retailers benefits those looking (6) _______ holiday jobs. They will typically offer better pay, benefits, and overtime opportunities. You could also use a temporary seasonal job to get your foot in the door with a company you could work with long term when you go back to school. 1. A. do B. make C. take D. gain 2. A. break B. term C. period D. duration 3. A. on B. over C. during D. through 4. A. what B. that C. when D. which 5. A. Therefore B. As a result C. Moreover D. However 6. A. for B after C. at D. into Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks. WHY WE PROTECT WILDLIFE Animals and plants are not just valuable for their own sake. They are also part of a wider (1)______ environment that may provide food, shelter, water, and other functions, for other (2) and people. With so much wildlife at (3) , the question people often ask us is how we decide which animals and plants to focus (4) conservation efforts and funds on. Well, it's not always an easy decision. However, World Wildlife Fund has (5) up a list of criteria to guide their actions. Some of their considerations are: 1) Is it a species that is a vital part of a food chain?; 2) Is it a species that (6) demonstrate broader conservation needs?; or 3) is it an important cultural icon that will collect support for wildlife conservation as a whole?. (Text adapted from https://www.wwf.org.uk/what-we-do/area-of-work/protecting-wildlife) 1. A. forest B. nature C. natural D. useful 2. A. plants B. wildlife C. lives D. human 3. A. risk B. difficulty C. first D. importance 4. A. us B. them C. their D. our 5. A. set B. provide C. offer D. wake 6. A. help B. helped C. to help D. helps Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks
EXPLORING PATHS AFTER SCHOOL Finishing high school is a big step (1) _________. There are various paths to choose from after leaving school, and each one offers unique opportunities. Some students decide to continue (2) _________ at universities. Universities have many subjects to learn, like science, art, or business. They offer degrees that can lead to exciting careers. This option allows students to dive deeper into subjects they are passionate about. For others, vocational training is a great choice. Vocational training focuses on specific skills that are important in jobs like mechanics, cooking, or healthcare. It gives practical knowledge and (3) _________. Another option is (4) _________. These colleges offer courses that are practical and also give the chance to move to bigger universities later. They are a good starting point for many students. Apprenticeships are great for those who like to learn while working. This option gives hands-on experience in fields such as engineering, culinary arts, or information technology. It not only facilitates the acquisition of comprehensive knowledge and advanced skills but also enables individuals to gain valuable experience and (5) _________. In recent times, online courses have become very popular. These courses offer flexibility (6) _____. They cover a wide range of subjects and give access to education no matter where someone lives. In conclusion, there are many paths available after finishing school. Each path has its advantages and can lead to a bright future. It's important for school leavers to explore these options and choose the one that suits them best. 1. A. that open many doors for young people B. opening many doors for young people C. what opens many doors for young people D. opens many doors for young people 2. A. its studies B. this studies C. their studies D. his studies 3. A. preparation students to swiftly enter the job market. B. preparing students for immediate employment C. promptly prepare students for the workforce. D. prepares students for work right away 4. A. enroll in community college B. enrolling in community college C. enrolled in community college D. to enroll in community college 5. A. a sustainable income simultaneously B. a simultaneously sustainable income C. a sustainable income simultaneous D. an income sustainable simultaneously 6. A. as students can study from home B. though students can study from home C. because of students can study from home D. if students can study from home +++++++++++++++ Environmental Conservation It is very important to take care of our environment. A big part of this is reducing pollution. When we don’t waste things and use products that are good for the environment, we can make our planet cleaner and healthier.(1) ____. For example, recycling or taking the bus instead of a car will help reduce pollution a lot. Saving our natural resources is also important. (2) ________we make sure there will be enough for people in the future. This means using less water and energy and supporting businesses that don’t harm the environment. Doing this also helps in (3) ________. Protecting animals and plants is another important thing. Many animals are in danger because they are losing their homes or because of changes in the weather. If we take care of places where animals live and help save them, (4)________. This keeps nature healthy and balanced. Teaching people about how to protect the environment is also key. Humans need to know how (5) ________can hurt or help the environment. By learning about this, we can all live in a way that's good for the environment. To sum up, everyone needs to help protect the environment. Whether it’s by not wasting things, saving resources, looking after animals, or learning more, (6)________. If we all work together, we can make our planet a better place. Question 1: A. This helps make less pollution B. Making less pollution happens this way C. Which helps make less pollution D. Making less pollution Question 2: A. By saving natural resources B. Saving natural resources C. To save natural resources D. Saving of natural resources Question 3:
A. the fight forbad weather changes B. fighting bad weather changes C. to fight bad weather changes D. fighting against bad weather changes Question 4: A. these important animals can save B. saving these important animals becomesimpossible C. it becomes possible to save these important animals D. these important animals arehelped to save Question 5:A. their actions B. these actions C. actions D. its actions Question 6: A. we help make the environment healthier B. helping to make the environment healthier C. to help make the environment healthier D. making the environment healthier Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. In the early days of ecotourism, around the 1950s and 1960s, travellers began to recognize the importance of nature and protecting it while enjoying it. Although the term "ecotourism" didn't gain widespread recognition until the 1990s, the ideas and practices associated with it were already evolving. During this period, people who loved nature started exploring natural areas like national parks and jungles, aiming to understand and respect nature, not harm it. They wanted to see animals, birds, and beautiful landscapes up close while also learning about the environment and the creatures living there. The concept of ecotourism was closely tied to the idea of sustainable travel, which meant ensuring that the natural places and wildlife remained safe and unharmed while tourists enjoyed them. Early ecotourists often travelled in smaller groups and stayed in simple accommodations like tents or eco-friendly lodges. Knowledgeable guides helped them learn about the plants and animals in these areas. Moreover, another important principle was supporting local communities. Early ecotourism aimed to benefit the people living near these natural areas by ensuring that the money spent by tourists could improve their lives without harming the environment. This approach focused on teaching people how to travel without causing damage to nature. It represented a new way of exploring the world, not just for enjoyment, but also for understanding and protecting the beautiful planet we all share. Over the years, ecotourism has continued to grow and evolve, gaining recognition in the 1990s as a more formal and widespread approach to travel, all while preserving nature and local cultures and creating meaningful and responsible experiences for travellers. Question 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The benefits of ecotourism B. The guidelines on ecotourism C. The drawbacks of ecotourism D. The early days of ecotourism Question 2. The word “ecotourism” became popular in ______. A. the 1950s B. 1960s C. 1980s D. 1990s Question 3. Early ecotourists ______. A. travelled in small groups B. didn’t need any guide C. preferred environment-friendly resorts D. donated much to conservation efforts Question 4. Ecotourism helps ______. A. improve local communities without damaging the environment B. teach local residents about nature and the environment C. develop local communities economically D. enrich local residents’ knowledge of the nature Question 5. The word “widespread” is closest in meaning to ______. A. beneficial B. accessible C. luxurious D. common Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40. Urbanisation occurs in many parts of the world, both in developed and developing nations. It refers to the process in which urban areas grow as people leave the countryside or more factories and towns are built in rural areas. This can lead to the concentration of populations into towns and cities. When properly planned, urbanisation can bring a number of benefits, especially for the economy and society. However, if it is poorly managed, it can pose a significant challenge to maintaining the sustainability of these areas.
Big cities attract a lot of people as they usually offer more employment opportunities as well as a better life. The economy of urban areas tends to grow rapidly as more businesses and factories are created, and more workers are needed. Economic growth also leads to an increase in household income and spending. This also encourages governments to spend money on better schools, hospitals, roads, public transport, and more. As cities expand, many more facilities such as public parks and gardens, swimming pools, libraries, cinemas, and sports centres are built. These are just some of the spaces that make city life exciting and appealing to people of all ages. However, when too many people move to a big city, without good planning and investment, its infrastructure can become ineffective. For example, big urban areas can easily get overcrowded as railway networks and roads can’t cope with the large number of passengers. The economic growth and expansion of big cities come at a big price for local residents as house prices and rents go up, and they can’t afford to either buy or rent. Another problem is that big cities are experiencing more air pollution than rural areas. This can increase the risk of infections, heart disease, and lung cancer, and severely affect people who are ill. Urbanisation is a process that cannot be stopped and the best way to minimise the problems caused by it is to plan for the growth and all the resources needed, and make sure the infrastructure can support the increasing population. Question 1: Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Urbanisation history. B. Causes of urbanisation C. The rapid speed of urbanization D. Positive and negative effects of urbanisation Question 2: The word ‘concentration’ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________. A. emphasis B. gathering C. attention D. worry Question 3: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a reason why people move to big cities? A. Higher earnings. B. Government spending. C. More job opportunities. D. A wide range of modern services. Question 4: The word ‘appealing’ in paragraph 2 is opposite in meaning to __________. A. unattractive B. demanding C. exciting D. unimportant Question 5: The phrase ‘come at a big price’ in paragraph 3 mostly means __________. A. have an unpleasant consequence B. make big cities expensive C. give local residents a lot of money D. have something positive as a result Question 6: The word ‘they’ in paragraph 3 refers to __________. A. big cities B. passengers C. house prices D. local residents Question 7: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Economic growth can help minimize the problems of urbanization. B. Governments need to modernize city facilities. C. Good urban planning is needed to manage rapid urbanization. D. Urbanisation only affects rural areas. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the answer to each of the questions. The increase in urbanization causes different problems. Air and water pollution are amongst the major issue we have to tackle. In the first place, cars, factories and burning waste emit dangerous gases that change the air quality in our cities and pose threats to our health. Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides cause respiratory diseases, for instant, bronchitis and asthma. Those are also proved to have long- term effects on the environment. Furthermore, with the increased population, it becomes difficult to manage the waste generated in cities. Most of the waste is discharged or dumped into rivers or onto streets. The waste pollutes water and makes it unfit for human consumption. Subsequently, it becomes more and more difficult for city dwellers to get clean water. Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate water supply because most of the water is lost in pipe leakages. In fact, most city dwellers in developing countries are forced to boil their water or to1 buy bottled water, which is very expensive. There are several actions that could be taken to eradicate the problems described above. Firstly, a simple solution would be joining community efforts to address problems affecting your city. Ask your parents, friends and relatives to join in as well. These efforts might include clean-up campaigns, recycling projects and a signature campaign to ask the government to do something about the situation. A
second measure would be encouraging your teacher to talk about these problems and to discuss how young people can help to solve them. Finally, writing to local organizations working on these issues for ideas on how you can contribute to solve them. Question 1. The word tackle in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_________. A. deal with B. make up C. try on D. turn down Question 2. The word those in paragraph 2 refers to_________. A. bronchitis and asthma B. carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides C. dangerous gases D. respiratory diseases Question 3. According to the passage, in some cities in Africa_________. A. people are allowed to dump waste into rivers and on streets B. people aren't provided enough water due to leaking pipes C. people have found some solutions to the problems D. people would rather use boiling water and bottled water Question 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. City problems should be taught and be topic for students to discuss at school. B. Children must ask for their parent's permission before joining community efforts. C. Participators might take part in different kinds of projects and campaigns. D. People can contribute in solving the problems by writing to local organizations working on these issues. Question 5. Which of the following would serve as the best title for the passage? A. Environment degradation: Air and water pollution B. Environmental pollution: Problems and actions C. Increasing urbanization: Causes and effects D. Increasing urbanization: Effects and solutions Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. In this era of increased global warming and diminishing fossil fuel supplies, we must begin to put a greater priority on harnessing alternative energy sources. Fortunately, there are a number of readily available, renewable resources that are both cost- effective and earth – friendly. Two such resources are solar power and geothermal power. Solar energy, which reaches the earth through sunlight, is so abundant that it could meet the needs of worldwide energy consumption 6,000 times over. And solar energy is easily harnessed through the use of photovoltaic cells that convert sunlight to electricity. In the US alone, more than 100, 000 homes are equipped with solar electric systems in the form of solar panels or solar roof tiles. And in other parts of the world, including many developing countries, the use of solar system is growing steadily. Another alternative energy source, which is abundant in specific geographical areas, is geothermal power, which creates energy by tapping heat from below the surface of the earth. Hot water and steam that are trapped in underground pools are pumped to the surface and used to run a generator, which produces electricity. Geothermal energy is 50,000 times more abundant than the entire known supply of fossil fuel resources and as with solar power, the technology needed to utilize geothermal energy is fairly simple. A prime example of effective geothermal use in Iceland, a region of high geothermal activity where there are over 80 percent of private homes, are heated by geothermal power. Solar and geothermal energy are just two of promising renewable alternatives to conventional energy sources. The time is long overdue to invest in the development and use of alternative energy on global scale. Question 1: What is the main topic of this passage? A. The benefits of solar and wind power over conventional energy sources. B. Two types of alternative energy sources that should be further utilized. C. How energy resources are tapped from nature. D. Examples of the use of energy sources worldwide.
Question 2: According to the passage, why should we consider using alternative energy sources? A. Because fossil fuels are no longer available. B. Because global warming has increased the amount of sunlight that reaches the earth. C. Because they are free and available worldwide. D. Because conventional energy resources are being depleted, and they cause environmental damage. Question 3: Which of the following words could best replace the word “harnessing”? A. Capturing B. Harassing C. Depleting D. Exporting Question 4: According to the passage, what can be inferred about solar roof tiles? A. They are being used in many undeveloped countries. B. They can convert geothermal energy to electricity. C. They are more expensive than solar panels. D. They contain photovoltaic cells. Question 5: According to the passage, how is solar energy production similar to geothermal energy production? A. They both require the use of a generator. B. They both use heat from the earth’s surface. C. They both require fairly simple technology. D. They are both conventional and costly. Question 6: Where is the best place in the passage to insert the following sentence? “Although the US is not utilizing geothermal resources to this extent, the Western US has a similar capacity to generate geothermal power” A. after the phrase “earth-friendly” B. after the phrase “growing steadily” C. after the phrase “geothermal power” D. after the phrase “global scale” Question 7 : According to the passage, which of the following is true about solar power? A. There is very little of it available in Iceland. B. It is being used in 100, 000 private homes worldwide. C. It is 6,000 times more powerful than energy from fossil fuels. D. There is enough of it to far exceed the energy needs of the world. Question 8: What can be inferred about the use of geothermal energy in Iceland? A. It is widely used form of energy for heating homes. B. Twenty percent of the geothermal energy created is used to heat businesses. C. It is not effective for use in private homes. D. It is 80 times more effective than traditional forms of energy. Question 9: What does the author imply about alternative energy sources? A. Many different types of alternative energy sources exist. B. Most alternative energy sources are too impractical for private use. C. Alternative energy is too expensive for developing countries to produce. D. Solar and geothermal energy are the effective forms of alternative power. Question 10: What best describes the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To warn people about the hazards of fossil fuel use. B. To convince people of the benefits of developing alternative energy sources. C. To describe the advantages and disadvantages of alternative energy use. D. To outline the problems and solutions connected with global warming. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions. Question 1 a. Furthermore, it opens up opportunities to connect with people from different backgrounds, fostering friendships and expanding social networks. b. In addition to career benefits, learning a foreign language has positive effects on brain health such as such as enhancing cognitive flexibility and increasing creativity. c. The benefits of learning a foreign language are multifaceted and extend beyond communication. d. To begin with, learning a foreign language opens up numerous job opportunities in today's globalized world.
e. Lastly, it allows for deeper cultural understanding and greater appreciation of different cultures. A. c-a-b-d-e B. c-d-b-a-e C. d-a-b-e-c D. d-b-a-c-e Question 2 a. Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining good health. b. Additionally, it improves mental well-being by reducing stress and anxiety. c. First, it not only helps in weight management but boosts our immune system as well. d. Dear Jane, I was thinking about our conversation on staying fit and wanted to share some thoughts on exercise. e. Take care. f. Exercise can also be a fun social activity, whether it's a team sport or a group fitness class. A. d-c-f-a-b-e B. d-c-a-b-f-e C. d-f-a-c-b-e D. d-a-c-b-f-e Question 3. a. Second, it prevents environmental destruction by promoting sustainable practices. b. Making small changes today can lead to a more sustainable and prosperous tomorrow. c. By reducing single-use items, we conserve resources and minimise waste. d. Going green offers numerous advantages for both individuals and the planet. e. First, it helps reduce our carbon footprint, lessening the harm caused by greenhouse gases. Additionally, going green raises awareness about environmental issues, fostering a sense of responsibility towards the Earth. f. Finally, embracing eco-friendly habits not only benefits the environment but also promotes healthier lifestyles for ourselves and future generations. A. d – e – a – b – c – f – g B. b – d – e – a – c – f – g C. d – e – a – c – f – g – b D. d – e – a – c – g – f – b Question 4. a. Therefore, we recommend that you put the suggested solutions into practice as soon as possible. b. Third, we recommend that we make use of plastic waste in arts and crafts projects, for example, for making plant pots or bird feeders. c. Second, the Youth Union should hold regular sessions to teach students how to recycle properly. d. This report suggests three main solutions to the problem of single-use products in our school. e. First, we suggest that the school should provide more recycling bins. f. Reusing and recycling single-use plastics will lead to a greener school environment and help promote a green lifestyle among young people. A. d – e – c – f – b – a B. d – e – c – b – a – f C. d – e – b – c – f – a D. d – e – c – b – f – a Question 5: a. Furthermore, it opens up opportunities to connect with people from different backgrounds, fostering friendships and expanding social networks. b. In addition to career benefits, learning a foreign language has positive effects on brain health such as such as enhancing cognitive flexibility and increasing creativity. c. The benefits of learning a foreign language are multifaceted and extend beyond communication. d. To begin with, learning a foreign language opens up numerous job opportunities in today's globalized world. e. Lastly, it allows for deeper cultural understanding and greater appreciation of different cultures. A. c-a-b-d-e B. c-d-b-a-e C. d-a-b-e-c D. d-b-a-c-e Question 6: a. Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining good health. b. Additionally, it improves mental well-being by reducing stress and anxiety. c. First, it not only helps in weight management but boosts our immune system as well. d. Dear Jane, I was thinking about our conversation on staying fit and wanted to share some thoughts on exercise. e. Take care. f. Exercise can also be a fun social activity, whether it's a team sport or a group fitness class. A. d-c-f-a-b-e B. d-c-a-b-f-e C. d-f-a-c-b-e D. d-a-c-b-f-e Question 8
a. I am interested in this job because I am a regular visitor of the Museum and I would love to challenge myself working in a new environment. I also appreciate the pay rate and benefits that this position can offer b. Dear Sir/Madam, My name is Hannah Eastwood. I am a 26 years old female from Nottingham c. Thank you for your consideration and I am looking forward to hearing back from you. d. I came across your advertisement in the Sun newspaper and want to apply for the temporary cashier position at City Museum Shop. e. I have 3 years experience working in the customer service sector. I used to work as a cashier at an ASDA store for 2 years and as a store helper for a year. f. Yours sincerely, A. b—d—e—a—c—f B. b—c—a—e—d—f C. b—e—d—a—c—f D. b—a—d—e—c—f Question 8. a. Also, you can also make new friends through this platform. When you connect with people from all over the world, it opens doors to learning about new cultures, values and traditions from different countries. b. In addition to this, it is also a great source of information and news. It helps in staying updated with the latest happenings in the world and subscribing to popular fan pages to get the latest updates c. Firstly, Most importantly, it allows you to get in touch with people from the other side of the world without spending a penny. It is also a great way to connect with old school friends and college friends. d. Last but not least, You can get great opportunities for employment through social media too. e. When we look at the positive aspect of the Facebook, we find numerous benefits. A. e—a—c—b—d B. c—e—a—b—d C. c—a—b—d—e D. e—c— a—b—d Question 9: a. First, doing housework helps children develop some important life skills such as doing the laundry, cleaning the house or taking care of others. b. They will certainly need those skills in their lives later, when they start their own families. c. I think children should do housework for a number of reasons. d. Second, children can learn to take responsibility when they do housework. They know that they have to do something even though they don't like to do it. e. So doing housework is really good for children and I believe that they should do it. A. e-c-a-b-d B. e-a-c-b-d C. c-a-b-d-e D. c-e-a-b-d Question 10: a. Thirdly, the government needs to have policies to prioritize women, so that they have better chances to develop their ability, and better conditions to contribute more to the society, and to compete equally with men. b. Dear Mary, I hope you’ve been doing well! I’ve been thinking of several ways to improve gender equality and give women better chances to develop their ability. c. Finally, more jobs should be made available to women so that they will have better conditions to develop themselves to be equal to men. d. Firstly, the importance and roles of women should be propagated to the development of society. e. Secondly, education system should do more to improve the knowledge of people about women, and to eliminate the prejudice of neglecting women and their value. f. Lots of love. A. b-c-a-e-d-f B. b-d-e-a-c-f C. b-a-d-e-c-f D. b-e-d-a-c-f