Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2023-2024 - Trường THPT Yên Hòa, Hà Nội

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Nội dung Text: Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2023-2024 - Trường THPT Yên Hòa, Hà Nội

TRƯỜNG THPT YÊN HÒA ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ II - NĂM HỌC 2023 – 2024 BỘ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – KHỐI 12 I. TRỌNG TÂM KIẾN THỨC Topic Vocabulary Grammar Words and phrases related to The future perfect Unit 6 Endangered Species endangered animals and plants Double comparatives Words and phrases related to The active and passive causatives Unit 7 Artificial Intelligence artificial intelligence and technology The passive voice Words and phrases related to the Reported speech: reporting orders, Unit 8 The World of Work world of work requests, offers, advice, instructions … Phrasal verbs (consisting of a verb, an Words and phrases related to adverb, and a preposition) Unit 9 Choosing a Career leaving school and choosing a career Adverbial clauses of condition, comparison, manner, and result II. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG UNIT 6: ENDANGERED SPECIES A. GLOSSARY WORD TRANSCRIPTION COLLOCATIONS MEANING 1 evolution / ˌevəˈluːʃn/ Theory of ~ gradual development of sth 2 habitat / ˈhæbɪtæt/ Wildlife/ natural ~ place for animal and plant 3 extinct / ɪkˈstɪŋkt / Become ~ no longer in existence 4 vulnerable / ˈvʌlnərəbl / ~ to the flu easily hurt physically & emotionally 5 environmental / ɪnvaɪrənmentl / ~ issues/ groups connected with the environment 6 Conservation / ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn / ~ groups/ organisations the protection of the environment 7 Endangered / ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r) d/ ~ species it may soon no longer exist 8 Essential / ɪˈsenʃl / for sth/ to do sth necessary 9 (in)adequate / ˈædɪkwət / for sth/ to do sth Sufficient / səˈfɪʃnt/ = enough 10 Reduce / rɪˈdjuːs / ~ the number of + Npl Make sth less 11 Lessen / ˈlesn / risk/ impact/ effect of sth reduce 12 verge / vɜːdʒ / On/to the ~ of sth/ doing sth near to the moment when… 13 brink / brɪŋk / On the ~ of collapse/ war/ in a new, dangerous situation death/ disaster 14 Wildlife / ˈwaɪldlaɪf / ~ habitat/ sanctuary animals and plants live in natural environment 15 Wilderness / ˈwɪldənəs / ~ area a large area of land that has never been developed or used for growing crops 16 reserves / rɪˈzɜːv / Set up nature ~ Protected land 17 fear / fɪə(r) / ~ sb/ sth; to do/ doing sth to be frightened of sb/ sth 18 Frighten / ˈfraɪtn / sb/ sth make sb suddenly feel afraid 19 Dangerous / ˈdeɪndʒərəs / ~ for sb to do sth injure/ harm/ damage/ destroy sth 20 Survive / səˈvaɪv / ~ from disasters/ on $4 Continue to live 21 Evolve / iˈvɑːlv / ~ from sth develop 22 Blend / blend/ ~ in with sth/ sb match its surroundings 1
23 Notice / ˈnəʊtɪs / Sb/sth (to do/ doing sth) see/ hear/pay attention to 24 Realize / ˈriːəlaɪz / ~ that/ how/ what … be aware of/ make sth real 25 Match / mætʃ / ~ color, pattern, style Combine well 26 suit / suːt / & / sjuːt / ~ age/ shape look attractive 27 Strategy / ˈstrætədʒi / for doing sth/ to do sth Special plan 28 Tough / tʌf / ~ childhood/ decision/ time difficult 29 (un)demanding / dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ / ~ work/ challenge/ boss needing a lot of skill, effort 30 Die out Stop existing 31 thrive / θraɪv / flourish /develop 32 culprit / ˈkʌlprɪt / Main/ real ~ Person/ thing causing a problem B. PRACTICE TEST Choose the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. endangered B. evolution C. extinct D. extinguish 2. A. habitat B. survival C. vulnerable D. traditional 3. A. campaign B. horn C. rhino D. extinct Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4. A. environment B. vulnerable C. ecology D. authority 5. A. individually B. conservationist C. environmental D. biological Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. Many ________ groups now support putting a value on ecosystems. A. conserve B. conservative C. conservation D. conservatism 7. Saving________ species from becoming extinct is crucial for our health and the future of our children. A. dangerous B. endanger C. endangering D. endangered 8. Cheetah's tail is ________ during fast running, because it balances the animal and allows fast and sudden turns which happen often when the prey tries to escape. A. essential B. basic C. adequate D. sufficient 9. Loss of habitat and increased commercial hunt ________ the number of chimpanzees from 2 million to 300.000 individuals. A. reduced B. lessened C. weakened D. limited 10. Illegal hunting in Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana, puts African elephants ________ of extinction. A. in the verge B. on the verge C. on brink D. in brink 11. People should be told about the things that threaten the safety of _____so that they can avoid doing them. A. the wild B. wilderness C. wild life D. wildlife 12. They ________ the new bridge by the end of the year. A. will complete B. will have completed C. have completed D. had been completing 13. By the time you finish cooking they ________ their homework. A. will have done B. are doing C. have been doing D. have done 14. The older you are, ________. A. the more you may become worried B. the more worried you may become C. the more worry you may become D. you may become more worried 15. The better the weather is, ________. A. the beaches get the more crowded B. the beaches get the most crowded C. the most crowded the beaches get D. the more crowded the beaches get Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 16. People all over the world are working to help save endangered animals from extinction. A. harmless B. dangerous C. likely to go extinct D. harmful 2
17. There are conservation organisations which try to make people aware of the problems facing wild animals. A. protest B. protection C. production D. induction 18. Some of the ways in which they are being saved include habitat protection, captive breeding, setting up nature reserves and parks and using alternative products in place of products from rare animals. A. money reserves B. booking reservations C. protected areas D. emergency fund Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 19. Governments can help by making international agreements between countries to protect animals (many countries, for example have agreed to stop hunting the blue whale) and their habitats. A. dispute B. disrupt C. discussion D. discern 20. There have been agreements from a number of countries to protect the rainforests and prevent deforestation through financial backing. A. devastate B. preserve C. pull down D. clean down 21. Scientists are setting up gene banks in which they keep an animal's genetic material in suspended animation. A. slowdown B. continuing C. delayed D. descending Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 22. (A) By the time (B) you come here tomorrow, (C) the work (D) will have finished. 23. Mary (A) has left (B) the country by the time (C) this letter (D) reaches her. 24. The environmental (A) pollution level (B) in this area (C) has built in a lot (D) over recent years. 25. Elephants (A) break up thorny bushes (B) to create grasslands for (C) another animals to (D) inhabit. Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank space. Staying Alive Some animals don't have to worry very much about other animals. For example, lions, tigers, and bears don't usually have to (26) _____ other animals. Most animals don't dare attack them, because they're big, strong, and (27) _____. Instead, the other animals have to be afraid of them. Other animals aren't as strong, so they have to worry about predators. A predator is an animal that hunts and kills other animals. The weaker animals have other ways to (28) _____. Some of them hide, some of them stay in big groups, and some of them have other methods. Some animals use camouflage. Camouflage is a way of blending (29) _____ with the environment and becoming hard to see. For example, one lizard called the flat-tail horned lizard uses camouflage. It lives in the desert, (30) _____ the ground is light brown. Therefore, the lizard has light brown skin. If you were walking by, you probably wouldn't (31) _____ it. Then, of course, there's the world's number one camouflage master: the chameleon. The chameleon can change its colour to (32) _____ whatever surface it's on. Other animals have different (33) _____ Gazelles always jump very high. Scientists believe that they do this to show lions that they are very fast. They want the lions to (34) _____ them alone and chase slower animals. The animal world is a(n) (35) _____ and dangerous place. That is why every animal has developed its own special ways to stay alive. 26. A. frighten B. worry C. dare D. fear 27. A. dangerous B. unharmed C. endangered D. harmful 28. A. evolve B. attack C. survive D. adopt 29. A. in B. with C. for D. at 30. A. that B. where C. which D. when 31. A. realize B. hear C. notice D. feel 32. A. match B. suit C. blend D. go 33. A. successes B. plans C. processes D. strategies 34. A. remain B. leave C. stop D. start 35. A. unlucky B. strong C. tough D. demanding 3
Read the passage, and choose the correct answer for each question Endangered Species No animal species can survive indefinitely on the Earth centuries ago, species went extinct from natural causes, for example, they were unable to adapt to bad weather and other difficult conditions. However, animals are now dying out faster than ever because of human activities. It is estimated that, until the 18th century, one species disappeared from the Earth every four years. By the 19th century, this had increased to one species per year. By 1975, was 1,000 species per year, and today animals are disappearing at the alarming rate of more than 40,000 species per year. There are many factors that can cause an animal or plant species to become endangered, and one big one is the destruction of their habitats. Deforestation and soil, air, and water pollution are usually the main culprits. For example, the population of critically Sumatran orangutans is now less than 10,000 on their home island of Sumatra, Indonesia, due to deforestation and farming. Another cause is from humans exploiting wild animals. Uncontrolled hunting of whales in the last century, for example, resulted in many whale species becoming critically endangered. The high demands for animal parts stems from their use in foods or medicines or their values as decorative objects. For example, the ivory tusks of elephants are used to make jewelry, and the price is high enough that people risk being arrested and jailed to go after these animals Introducing a non-native species to an environment by humans, either intentionally or by accident can also cause species endangerment. In Florida, large pet snakes such as the anaconda and the python have been released into the large Everglades swamp. The snakes have thrived in their new environment, and now compete with and may soon overwhelm the swamp's alligators. Organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the International Unity Conservation of Nature (IUCN) try to raise awareness of threatened animals and plants. These organizations collaborate with government agencies to save threatened or endangered species and to make new laws that will protect them. But to really protect plant and animal species now and in the future, the public needs to be educated on the value of keeping these species alive. 36. According to the passage, what happened between the 18 century and now? A. The amount of human activity increased. B. Animals were less able to adapt to the weather. C. More animals started dying from natural causes. D. The weather conditions became more disadvantageous to animals. 37. Why have many whale species become endangered? A. Their habitat is being destroyed. B. The high demand for decorative objects and jewelry. C. They have been hunted in great numbers. D. A non-native species has been introduced to their environment. 38. Which is NOT mentioned as a cause of species endangerment? A. introduction of non-native species B. spread of diseases C. unrestricted hunting D. habitat destruction 39. Which animal is native to the Everglades swamp? A. anacondas B. pythons C. large snakes D. alligators 40. What is the main idea of the final paragraph? A. Governments and organizations must work together to be effective. B. The most important thing is to raise awareness and educate people. C. Laws are needed to protect these endangered species. D. The public should know the value of animal parts in foods, medicines, and decoration. 4
UNIT 7: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE A. GLOSSARY WORD TRANSCRIPTION COLLOCATIONS MEANING 1 faraway / ˈfɑːrəweɪ / a ~ look/expression a long distance away (xa xôi) 2 interfere / ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r) / ~ in family problems Get involved in (can thiệp) ~ with her work Prevent sth (ngăn cản) 3 example / ɪɡˈzɑːmpl / as an ~ of sth = illustration, model (ví dụ, Set an ~ to sb/ a shining ~ of sth/ tấm gương) follow his ~ make an ~ of sb 4 malfunction / ˌmælˈfʌŋkʃn / Malfunctioning body cells to fail to work correctly Cause a ~ in the brain (machine) (hỏng) 5 exterminate / ɪkˈstɜːmɪneɪt / ~ sb/sth To kill all the member of a group of people or animals = wipe out (hủy diệt) 6 refer / rɪˈfɜː(r) / ~ to sb/ sth (as sth) to mention or speak about sb/sth (đề cập đến) 7 define / dɪˈfaɪn / ~ sth as sth/ ~ in terms of/ ~ what/ explain the meaning of sth how… ( định nghĩa) 8 aid / eɪd / (UN) with the ~ of sth = help (sự giúp đỡ) (CN) a hearing ~/ teaching ~ = objects (thiết bị trợ giúp) In ~ of sb/ sth = in order to help (nhằm giúp đỡ) (collecting money in aid of charity) 9 hand / hænd / Fall into/ be in the wrong hands Become controlled by sb (bị khống chế bởi) 10 application / ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn / ~ for sth (membership/ a loan/ a 1. app (ứng dụng) licence) 2. Formal request ( for job/ ~ to sb (the principal) course) (đơn thư) 11 awareness / əˈweənəs / raise/heighten/increase ~ of sth knowing sth (nhận thức) 12 exercise / ˈeksəsaɪz / (UN) ~ of power/ thought The use of power/ right/ quality to make sth happen (sự sử dụng sức mạnh, phẩm chất, quyền…) 13 intellectual / ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl / ~ task/ curiosity = mental (thuộc về trí óc) 14 fictional / ˈfɪkʃənl / ~ character/ techniques/ world Unreal, existing only in stories (hư cấu) 15 behave / bɪˈheɪv / ~ as if/ as though = act (cư xử) ~ yourself ~ in a right way 16 intelligence / ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns / Artificial/ emotional ~ Trí thông minh person of high/ average/ low ~ 17 hold / həʊld / ~ sb/ sth (hands) 1. cầm, nắm Hold out for  wait for sth better (chờ đợi điều tốt đẹp hơn) 18 chore / tʃɔː(r) / do the household/ domestic ~ A task/ a boring task (việc vặt) a real ~ for sb 19 communicate / kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt / ~ with sb/ sth Exchange information, news, ~ sth (idea/ message) (to sb) ideas … with sb (giao tiếp) 20 own / əʊn / on your ~ Alone/ without help (một mình) 21 come out / iˈvɑːlv / ~ the sun, moon (= appear) 1. xuất hiện 5
~ flowers (= to open) 2. nở ~ novel (= published) 3. xuất bản/ phát hành ~ story (= become known) 4. được biết đến ~ qualities (= shown clearly) 5. thể hiện ~ words (= spoken) 6. nói ra ~ idea (= produced) 7. nảy ra 22 bring / brɪŋ / ~ sb/ sth (umbrella) with you 1. mang ai/ cái gì theo ~ sb/ sth to place (the party) 2. mang ai/ cái gì đến ~ sth (a present) for sb 3. mang ai/ cái gì cho ai ~ sb sth 23 turn out ~ at an event (= be present) 1. có mặt/ xuất hiện ~ adj/ adv/ how (= develop in a 2. trở nên particular way) 3. hóa ra là/ té ra là ~ to be/ that (= to be discovered to be) 24 make out ~ sth/ what/ who = manage to see/read/ hear/ ( a figure in the darkness) ( có thể nhận ra) 25 give out ~ advice (= give sth to sb) 1. đưa ra ~ news (= be broadcast) 2. phát sóng ~ sound/ light/ smoke (= produce) 3. tỏa ra 26 rebellion / rɪˈbeljən / ~ against ( the government) = uprising/ unwilling to obey Put down the ~ rules/ standards of behavior/ Teenage ~ dress (nổi loạn) 27 far-fetched ~ story very difficult to believe (khó tin) B. PRACTICE TEST Choose the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. navigation B. activate C. faraway D. malfunction 2. A. interfere B. incredible C. intervention D. ending 3. A. exterminate B. extend C. expand D. example Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4. A. futurist B. malfunction C. consequence D. activate 5. A. exterminate B. singularity C. technological D. similarity Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. Artificial Intelligence (AI) _______ to the "intelligence" of machinery. A. talks B. adds C. mentions D. refers 7. The term Artificial Intelligence was originally ________ by John McCarthy at a conference in which he_______ it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines". A. formed- defined B. formed- explained C. shaped- explained D. shaped- defined 8. _______ robots are machines, there is no need for sleep. A. Although B. As C. Therefore D. When 9. Robots can act as 24/7 ________ to children with disabilities or the elderly. A. equipment B. devices C. aids D. contribution 10. There is no doubt that the technology of artificial intelligence in the wrong _______ can cause mass destruction. A. persons B. controls C. fingers D. hands 11. Smartphones are a great example of the _______ of artificial intelligence. A. application B. request C. programme D. relation 12. Although it's fine for figures like Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking to raise _______ about the dangers of artificial intelligence, the majority of computer scientists agree that these problems are far away. A. existence B. problem C. awareness D. idea 6
13. We rarely have our luggage ________ by porters. A. carried B. carry C. to carry D. been carried 14. You should _____a professional to check your house for earthquake damage. A. have B. make C. take D. get 15. I will have your car ________ by the end of the day. A. to repair B. repair C. repaired D. repairing Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 16. A.I. techniques help medical doctors to discover subtle (small but important) interactions between medications that put patience in jeopardy because of their serious side effect. A. at risk B. in reality C. under control D. under pressure 17. A.I. algorithms can also help to detect faces and other features in photo sent to social networking sites and automatically organize them. A. categorize B. connect C. recognize D. remind 18. Ray Kurzweil suggests that exponential technological development will lead to the inevitable rise of artificial intelligence. A. inapplicable B. unavoidable C. unrecognizable D. invisible Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 19. Do you really think humans will be exterminated when more and more intelligent machines are invented in the future? A. killed B. restored C. resurrected D. wiped out 20. Smart robots have replaced humans in stressful and hazardous jobs and in assembly lines. A. dangerous B. risky C. safe D. perilous 21. Professor Stephen Hawking thinks the primitive forms of A.I. which have been developed so far have already proved very useful. A. basic B. modern C. original D. recent Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 22. (A) No longer (B) housewives have to clean the house every day because they (C) get it done (D) by robotic vacuum cleaners. 23. (A) In communication, we can have (B) the voice recognition systems in smartphones or (C) other electronic devices (D) identified our speech. 24. In this (A) throw-in society, instead of having an old (B) electronic device (C) fixed, people (D) tend to toss it away and buy a new one. 25. I (A) took my car (B) to a garage (C) to have it (D) service. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. The Robots Are Doing The Thinking Some robots may take care of the dishes, do your laundry, keep the house clean, or even go to the store to do your shopping. Robots that use artificial intelligence are the ones that a lot of people are holding (26) _______Not only will these robots be able to take care of (27) _______, but they will be able to learn as well. There are some types of robots that already use a form of artificial intelligence called "swarm intelligence”. As a(n) (28)_______ of how this works, scientists have created underwater robots that will be used to repair coral reefs that have been damaged. What these robots do is work together to rebuild damaged reefs. As they (29) ________, each one knows what has been done in one area of a reef and can help build other areas or build onto something that another robot has done. Working together, the robots create a new reef that can then be (30) _______to grow and thrive (31) _______its own. Amazon, the major electronic commerce company, has recently come (32) _______an ingenious idea. Instead of (33) _______a package delivered to a customer via delivery truck, Amazon will send out flying drones that will (34) _______a package to a person's house for delivery almost immediately. Just think about how amazing it would be when you order a small item from Amazon, choose immediate delivery, and within an hour a drone lands in your front yard and leaves your package for you. These types of robots could (35)_______to be a dream come true for customers who like to get their orders super fast. 26. A. out on B. out for C. over D. out 27. A. jobs B. chores C. careers D. offices 7
28. A. model B. copy C. representation D. example 29. A. speak B. write C. share D. communicate 30. A. left B. gone away C. stayed D. survived 31. A. with B. by C. on D. for 32. A. out B. out in C. up with D. over 33. A. having B. asking C. making D. doing 34. A. cause B. provide C. bring D. transmit 35. A. make out B. give out C. turn out D. turn in Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. The Rise of Robots As kids, our grandparents frequently scared us by talking about how difficult life was when they were growing up. They mentioned walking miles to school in the snow, or doing hours of manual labour for little pay. Life has changed greatly since then, and it seems to get easier year by year. In fact, with the help of robots we soon might have to do much at all. But is this a good thing? By 2030, it's estimated that robotics will be a $10 billion business worldwide. Companies are already starting to integrate them into the workforce. The electronics manufacturer Foxconn is drawing up plans to launch a factory within the next 10 years that’s completely staffed by robot workers. Meanwhile, an American company Briggo has invented a robot that serves gourmet-quality coffee to customers. With the push of a button it will crush coffee beans, measure exact quantities of water, and even wave a steam want to ensure customers get the perfect cream on top. Unlike human baristas, it can serve multiple drinks at once and work all day and night without a break. Robots are also invading our homes. The Rooma is mini-robot that vacuums rooms automatically according to a schedule. The Robomow is a device that will cut the grass for you while you sit in the shade. Then there's the Nanda clocky, an alarm clock that makes sure that even the deepest sleepers get up on time. The clock is attached to a pair of wheels, and it will randomly move around the room. Once you finally catch it, you're probably too wake to hit the snooze button. Although these early home robots are somewhat basic, they will likely become more capable as times goes on. Although robots certainly help us to eliminate tedious tasks, many people are concerned about a future filled with robots. Some fear that humanity will start to decline if machines do everything for us. Others have even warned about the robot rebellion, in which robots become so smart that they may decide to turn on their masters. These ideas may seem a bit far-fetched but there are certainly lots of questions that need to be answered before everyone opens up to the idea of a robotic future. 36. According to the first paragraph, how has life changed since our grandparents' time? A. Children have to walk longer distances to school. B. The education system has got much worse. C. Things aren't as hard as they once were. D. It hasn't changed much at all. 37. How is Briggo's invention superior to human workers? A. It is better at conversation. B. It never has to stop. C. It is more knowledgeable about coffee-making D. It can operate machinery. 38. What would happen if you pressed the snooze button? A. The alarm clock would turn off forever. B. You would have to wake up immediately C. Nothing would happen at all. D. The alarm would stop, but go off again soon. 39. Which of the following is NOT true about the concerns over robotics? A. Robots may be dominant at the workplace. B. Robots may do some harm to humans. C. The ideas of robotics may seem far-fetched. D. It takes some time for people to accept robots. 40. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Some reasons why people don't accept robots yet 8
B. A very amusing science-fiction story about robots C. How people in local communities are supporting robots. D. A few of latest robots on the market today. TRƯỜNG THPT YÊN HÒA ĐỀ KIỂM TRA GIỮA HỌC KỲ II- NĂM HỌC 2022 - 2023 BỘ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. Question 1. A. dressed B. needed C. dropped D. matched Question 2. A. wonders B. problems C. moments D. mountains Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions. Question 3. A. evolve B. demand C. reserve D. damage Question 4. A. understand B. emotion C. incredible D. essential Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Question 5. He will tell us the truth when he ______. A. will arrive B. would arrive C. arrived D. arrives Question 6. By next summer, our rescue team ______hundreds of endangered animals. A. save s B. is saving C. will have saved D. saved Question 7. The higher the cost of living is, ______. A. the life of the immigrants becomes the harder B. the hardest the life of the immigrants becomes C. the harder does the life of the immigrants become D. the harder the life of the immigrants becomes Question 8. The computer corporation had their workers ______malfunctioning products. A. be eliminated B. eliminating C. to eliminate D. eliminate Question 9. The robot manufacturer ______for the next generation robots. A. took exchange the outdated robots B. got the outdated robots exchanged C. had the outdated robots exchanging D. made the outdated robots to exchange Question 10. More and more animals ______for their horns, skins, and bones. A. are reported to be killed B. report to be killing C. reported to be killed D. are reported to killing Question 11. ChatGPT is a prototype dialogue-based AI chatbot capable ______understanding natural human language and generating impressively detailed human-like written text. A. with B. of C. for D. about Question 12. Uncontrolled hunting of whales in the last century resulted in many whale species becoming critically ______. A. danger B. dangerous C. endanger D. endangered Question 13. Beyoncé has become the most ______artist in Grammys history during a historic evening in Los Angeles. A. awarded B. awardee C. awards D. awardful Question 14. Aftershocks and freezing weather have ______efforts of rescue teams searching for survivors after 7.8- magnitude quake in Turkey and Syria. A. made B. done C. hampered D. spared Question 15. Most people ______him when he quit school, but he went back and earned his degree two years later. A. cut down on B. gave up on C. looked forward to D. ran out of 9
Question 16. China is the last large country still committed ______a zero-Covid elimination strategy, which successfully kept the rate of transmission and deaths far lower than in most other populations. A. for B. by C. to D. at Question 17. Animals are now dying out ______than ever because of human activities. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast Question 18. The population of orangutans is now less than 10.000 on their home island of Sumatra, Indonesia ______deforestation and farming. A. because B. but for C. though D. due to Question 19. The glitch in that game seems to be a problem between the ______and the chair. A. screen B. mouse C. wifi D. keyboard Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. Question 20. David is talking to Lucy about her painting. David: “What a beautiful painting!” Lucy: “ _____.” A. I'm glad you like it B. It's on the wall C. No problem D. You're welcome Question 21. Paul and Daisy are discussing life in the future. Paul: “I believe space travel will become more affordable for many people in the future.” Daisy: “______” A. It is my pleasure. B. It is very kind of you to say so. C. There’s no doubt about that. D. I am sorry to hear that. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Question 22. This year’s tumultuous weather – including fierce storms, searing heat and deep cold snaps – has devastated some of the UK’s most precious flora and fauna. A. developed B. destroyed C. exploited D. grown Question 23. Amazon has invested more than $400 million in cutting-edge robotics and technology to enhance its European customer and employee experience. A. state-of-the-art B. out-of-date C. down-to-earth D. off-the-shelf Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Question 24. Automating hazardous work with robots prevents worker injuries, negative health effects, and interruptions to productions due to worker shortages from injuries. A. safe B. dangerous C. boring D. tough Question 25. The athlete's bitter defeat in the match dealt a blow to his hopes of defending his title at the championship. A. abandoned B. raised C. expressed D. weakened Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each the numbered blanks. Clayton Lamb, (26) _____ researcher at the University of Alberta, Canada, is using Microsoft Azure tools along with AI to create a comprehensive analysis of the human and environmental factors (27) _____ grizzly bear density in British Columbia. With human populations increasingly expanding into areas of wilderness, the grizzly is coming under (28) _____ as its habitat is shrinking. These roaming omnivores are particularly sensitive to human disturbance, and globally now live in an area only about half their original range. 10
Lamb uses DNA sampling and GPS collars to track individual bears (29) _____ better understand the connectivity between populations and their habitats at a granular level. By generating such specific data, he is able to move his work beyond theoretical population ecology and suggest steps to reduce the impact of humans (30) _____ wildlife populations. (How AI is helping track endangered species – www.microsoft.com) Question 26. A. a B. an C. Ø D. the Question 27. A. limiting B. limit C. limited D. to limit Question 28. A. danger B. science C. threat D. level Question 29. A. if B. in order to C. so that D. since Question 30. A. about B. for C. on D. at Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the answer to each of the question. In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self- improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. (source: https://www.beyondteaching.com/) Question 31. Which best serves as the title for the passage? A. Transcending complacency on superintelligent machines B. No time like the present for AI safety work C. The importance of researching AI safety D. Biggest events in human history Question 32. According to paragraph 1, what is NOT mentioned as a potential benefit of AI? A. Facilitating the automated trading system B. Managing the power grid in homes C. Controlling vehicles and gadgets D. Curing life-threatening diseases Question 33. The word “recursive” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. dangerous B. repeated C. impossible D. monotonous Question 34. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to _______. A. event B. war C. disease D. poverty Question 35. According to paragraph 3, which information is incorrect about the future of AI? A. We cannot deny the likelihood of AI turning on its creator – the human. B. The emergence of superintelligence will yield valuable benefits for human. C. One of the focus of AI system nowadays should be preparation and preventive measures. D. The probability of malicious artificial intelligence is an unexpected zero. 11
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the answer to each of the question. Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities. Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits. The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain. For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential. However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs. The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them. Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature. In addition to its biological consequences, extinction poses a moral dilemma for humans, the only species capable of saving the others. The presence of humans on the planet has affected all other life forms, particularly plants and animals. Human lifestyles have proven to be incompatible with the survival of some other species. Purposeful efforts have been made to eliminate animals that prey on people, livestock, crops, or pose any threat to human livelihoods. Some wild animals have been decimated by human desire for meat, hides, fur, or other body parts with commercial value. Likewise, demand for land, water, and other natural resources has left many wild plants and animals with little to no suitable habitat. Humans have also affected nature by introducing non-native species to local areas and producing pollutants having a negative impact on the environment. The combination of these human- related effects and natural obstacles such as disease or low birthrates has proven to be too much for some species to overcome. They have no chance of survival without human help. As a result, societies have difficult choices to make about the amount of effort and money they are willing to spend to save imperiled species. Will people accept limits on their property rights, recreational activities, and means of livelihood to save a plant or an animal? Should saving such popular species as whales and dolphins take priority over saving obscure, annoying, or fearful species? Is it the responsibility of humans to save every kind of life form from disappearing, or is extinction an inevitable part of nature, in which the strong survive and the weak perish? These are some difficult questions that people face as they ponder the fate of other species living on this planet. (Source: http://www.encyclopedia.com) Question 36. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The importance of living organisms B. Causes of animal extinction C. Humans and endangered species D. Measures to protect endangered species Question 37. Which of the following can result from the loss of one species in a food chain? A. There might be a lack of food resources for some other species B. Animals will shift to another food chain in the community. C. Larger predators will look for other types of prey. D. The connections among the creatures in the food chain become closer. Question 38. The word "They" in paragraph 2 refers to . A. natural obstacles B. low birthrates C. some species D. human-related effects Question 39. In paragraph 2, non-native species are mentioned as . A. an achievement of human beings B. a harmful factor to the environment C. a kind of useful plants D. a kind of harmless animals Question 40. The word "perish" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______. A. disappear B. complete C. remain D. develop Question 41. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT mentioned? A. Some animals and plants cannot survive without human help. B. No other species can threaten the survival of humans on Earth. C. The existence of humans is at the expense of some other species. D. Humans have difficult choices to make about saving endangered species. Question 42. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 12
A. Animal and plant species which pose threats to humans will die out soon. B. Humans will make changes in their lifestyles to save other species. C. The dilemma humans face between maintaining their lives and saving other species remains. D. Saving popular animal and plant species should be given a high priority. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. Question 43. Scientists have categorically documented saola on the wild on only four occasions to date. A. documented B. on the wild C. on only D. to date Question 44. In this throw-away society, instead of having an old electronic device fix, people tend to toss it away and buy a new one. A. throw-away B. instead of C. fix D. away Question 45. Google is planning to release its own chatbot as it races to catch on ChatGPT. A. to release B. its C. as D. catch on Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 46. The crowd became increasingly angry at the long delay. A. The more increasingly the crowd became, the longer the delay was. B. The crowd became very angry, though the delay was so long. C. The more the crowd became angry at the delay, the longer they feel. D. The longer the delay was, the angrier the crowd became. Question 47. It’s likely that I’ll have left the party before she shows up. A. I would have left the party when she arrived. B. She won’t be able to find me at the party, which she finally arrives. C. By the time she arrives at the party, I will well have already gone. D. If she has got to the party, I will probably leave. Question 48. Many people think that the new regulations will encourage people to use less energy. A. Lower consumption of energy leads to the introduction of the new regulations. B. It is thought that the new regulations will encourage people to consume more energy. C. That lower consumption of energy was stimulated by the new regulations. D. The new regulations are thought to encourage lower consumption of energy. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. Question 49. There had been prior warning of the earthquake. However, it came as a shock to the people living in nearby villages. A. There had been warnings about the earthquake, so the people in nearby villages must not have been surprised by it. B. Even though the earthquake had been predicted, residents of nearby villages were taken by surprise when it struck. C. The earthquake having been predicted, inhabitants living in nearby villages were well prepared for it. D. The earthquake had been predicted, as the residents in nearby villages were struck before they received the warnings. Question 50. The government have established some wildlife reserves. They want to protect endangered species. A. Whether the government have established some wildlife reserves or not, endangered species are still protected. B. Endangered species can't be protected although the government have established some wildlife reserves. C. The government have established some wildlife reserves so that endangered species can be protected. D. If the government established some wildlife reserves, they would be able to protect endangered species. ----The end---- 13
UNIT 8: THE WORLD OF WORK A. GLOSSARY WORD TRANSCRIPTION COLLOCATIONS MEANING 1 applicant / ˈæplɪkənt / Attract/ shortlist/ select/ reject/ A person applies for a job/ a turn away (down) ~ place at a college/ university ~ for (the job) (người ứng tuyển) 2 recruit / rɪˈkruːt / ~ sb to do sth Employ sb (tuyển dụng) (passive) be recruited as/ for/ from/ to 3 specialise / ˈspeʃəlaɪz / ~ in sth Become an expert in sth/ spend more time on one area of work (chuyên về) 4 unique / juˈniːk / Be/ make sb/ sth ~ 1. special (độc nhất vô nhị) Be ~ to sth 2. belong to a place/ thing (The koala is ~ to Australia) (đặc trưng cho nhóm/ vùng) 5 entrepreneur / ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r) / Creative/ innovative/ ambitious/ Doanh nhân dynamic/ potential/ would-be ~ 6 employee / ɪmˈplɔɪiː / Have/ recruit/ dismiss/ lay off/ A person who is paid to work make redundant/ sack ~ for sb (nhân viên, công nhân) ~ benefits/ status/ rights/ relations 7 self-confident A ~ child/ manner = confident/ self-assured (tự tin) 8 leave / liːv / Annual/ paid/ unpaid/ sick~ Period of time when you do Get/ have/ spend/ take/ give sb/ not go to work (nghỉ/ nghỉ grant sb ~ phép) On ~ 9 decline / dɪˈklaɪn / ~ in sth/ of sth Decrease in the number, value, quality… (giảm) 10 demonstrate / ˈdemənstreɪt / ~ that/ how/ what to show sth clearly by giving ~ sth (to sb) proof or evidence (chứng minh, giải thích) 11 job / dʒɒb / ~ sharing/ search/ ad/ vacancy/ Công việc application/ description/ market/ security/ seeker ~ as (a waiter)/ at ( the university), for (women), with (another employer) Have/ get/ take/ apply for/ lose/ resign from/ offer sb ~ 12 candidate / ˈkændɪdət / ~ for ( the post) A person applying for a job (ứng viên, thí sinh) 13 diploma / dɪˈpləʊmə / A high school diploma Bằng (PT), giấy khen 14 certificate / səˈtɪfɪkət / A birth/ marriage/ death Giấy chứng nhận (khai sinh, certificate kết hôn, chứng tử) 15 degree / dɪˈɡriː / BA, MA. PhD degree Bằng (cử nhân, thạc sĩ, tiến sĩ) 16 ability / əˈbɪləti / ~ to do sth Skill/ power to do sth (khả Have/ show/ develop/ acquire/ năng) lack/ lose/ recognize ~ To the best of your ability 17 center/ centre / ˈsentə(r) / A community/ shopping/ sports/ Trung tâm leisure ~ 14
18 difference / ˈdɪfrəns / Tell/ know/ notice/ spot the ~ Sự khác biệt/ bất đồng between A and B Mark/ settle/ reflect/ show a ~ Make a/ no/ some ~ to/ in sb/ sth 19 react / riˈækt / ~ to sth (the news) Phản ứng ~ by doing sth (increasing the price) ~ against (traditional values) 20 right / raɪt / Do/ get/ make sth ~ Đúng đắn ~ about sth 21 submit / səbˈmɪt / ~ sth (an application/ a resume/ a Give a document to sb in complaint) to sb/ sth authority (đệ trình, nộp tài liệu cho ai) 22 qualification / brɪŋ / Acquire/ gain/ obtain/ have/ hold/ Skill, knowledge/ certificates possess ~ needed for a job ~ for sth (admission) (yêu cầu của công việc, các ~ in sth (law) loại bằng cấp) 23 unemployed / ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd / Be/ become/ remain = jobless (thất nghiệp) leave sb/ make sb ~ 24 Indicate / ˈɪndɪkeɪt / ~ sth (to sb) = mention sth (especially in ~ (to sb) that an indirect way) (đề cập đến ~ whether/ when…. một cách gián tiếp) 25 notion / ˈnəʊʃn / ~ of sth (equality and liberty) = an idea/ belief/ Have/ reject/ accept/ support~ understanding of sth (khái niệm, quan điểm) 26 use /juːz/ Put sth to (good) use Phát huy tốt điều đó B. PRACTICE TEST Choose the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. apprentice B. align C. applicant D. relevant 2. A. academic B. potential C. relevant D. recruit 3. A. specialise B. barista C. task D. customer Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4. A. shortlist B. unique C. colleague D. cluttered 5. A. apprenticeship B. compassionate C. entrepreneur D. articulate Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. _______ receive an average of 60 applicants for every advertisement for a low-skilled job, and 20 for every skilled job. A. Employment B. Employees C. Employers D. The employed 7. It is important that applicants put modesty aside and show _______ in their CV. A. self-confidence B. self-control C. self-determination D. self-discipline 8. Fixed term employment also known as contract work is used for single projects or to replace workers on _______ A. permission B. leave C. goodbye D. absence 9. Over the past decade, there has been a significant _______ in full-time work in Australia from 89% to approximately two-thirds (~ 66%) of the workforce. A. increase B. reduce (v) C. redundancy D. decline 10. The purpose of a CV is to ________ that you have the necessary skills to do the job for which you are applying. A. determine B. express C. demonstrate D. define 11. There has been an increase in job ________, which is when two people agree to divide a full-time job into two part-time jobs. A. dividing B. separating C. cutting D. sharing 15
12. Almost half of the _______are perfectly suitable for the vacancy. A. employees B. competitors C. candidates D. applications 13. Tom said, " I must leave at eight !” Tom said that he _______ leave at eight. A. must B. had C. had to D. has to 14. Mary said. "If I were you, I would apply for this job.” Mary said that if she_______ me, she ________apply for that job. A. were - would B. had been- will C. had been- would D. Was - should 15. She said, "My father bought a car yesterday.” She said that her father _____a car the day before. A. would buy B. had bought C. would have bought D. had been bought Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 16. Some employers require at least a high school diploma or an equivalent certificate as a starting point for jobs they fill. A. divergent B. compatible C. corresponding D. duplicate 17. When employers determine job qualifications, they have to make sure that they focus on the applicant's ability not just the degree. A. competence B. talent C. level D. power 18. It is important to remember that education doesn’t necessarily come from a traditional academic setting. A. surrounding B. position C. background D. context Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 19. After all, there are plenty of people who have degrees but do not have the skills to do a specific job. A. overall B. outright C. all-out D. outward 20. Training that a person may have received from a part-time job or an internship or previous employment may also be considered education. A. preceding B. succeeding C. foregoing D. uplifting Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 21. (A) On the weather forecast last night, (B) they said it (C) may rain (D) overnight. 22. (A) When I was young, my father (B) told me I could (C) be anything I (D) want to be. 23. (A) They said (B) in the news this morning that fifty-six people (C) had been killed (D) in a train crash. 24. (A) I've been reading an article in PC World (B) in which said that people in Brazil (C) used the Internet (D) more than anyone. 25. Roger Federer, (A) a tennis star, said that (B) when he was young he (C) practised eight hours (D) a day. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. How to write a CV Can a CV (26) ______ a difference? Naturally, the best response to this question would be to say, “It depends”. Since the human resource (HR) department receives many applications for a position, they will usually scan the CV's very quickly and will (27) ______ to even the smallest positive or negative point in your CV. Clearly, you have to do it (28) ______ and ensure the most impressive and applicable information leaps out ( see it immediately) and grabs their attention! Let's begin by learning what you should not do: - Never (29) _______a resume written by hand or in a fancy but difficult-to-read font with too much information crammed into too small a space. - Read and understand (30) ______! Never apply for a position if you do not possess the necessary (31)______. - Do not list any employment experience at a place where you did not work more than six months within the last 10 years. - Never say you are (32) ______. - Never (33) _______ any salary. 16
Arrange a(n) (34)_______ CV for each position you are submitting an application for and make it look conventional. Practically, every H.R. Recruiters in the world prefer you to do this. Most recruiters are conventional people, and they (35) ______ a very clear notion of what they expect to see when they read a CV. 26. A. know B. tell C. do D. mark 27. A. consider B. act C. react D. focus 28. A. right B. rightly C. correct D. good 29. A. offer B. submit C. allow D. suggest 30. A. business B. service C. product D. advertisement 31. A. records B. documents C. qualifications D. characteristics 32. A. unemployed B. unemployment C. the unemployed D. an unemployed 33. A. show B. signal C. indicate D. point 34. A. strange B. unusual C. existing D. unique 35. A. bring B. have C. pay D. realize Read the passage, and choose the correct answer for each question. Career Planning for High School Students Most people need some preparation before they are ready for the workforce, and planning should begin long before it is time to start a career. Many high school students don't yet know what they want to do. High school is a great time to start thinking about careers. Settling on just one occupation in high school isn't necessary, but they should know how to explore careers and put time into investigating them and learning about their skills and interests. Understanding what you enjoy and what you are good at is the first step in exploring careers. It is important to think about what you like to do because work will eventually be a big part of your life. Once you have thought about the subjects and activities you like best, the next step is to look for careers that put those interests to use . If you love sports, for example, you might consider a career as a gym teacher, or a coach. Another approach to identifying potential career interests is to consider local employers and the types of jobs they have. There are many jobs in manufacturing and healthcare near the high school. Talking directly to workers can help you get information about what they do. If you don't know workers in occupations that interest you, ask people such as parents, friends, or teachers for their contacts. If job shadowing gives you a taste of what an occupation is like, imagine how helpful getting experience could be. Students can begin getting career-related experiences in high school through internships, employment, and other activities. Completing an internship is an excellent way to get experience. Internships are temporary, supervised assignments designed to give students practical job training. 36. High school is a great time for students to ______. A. identify their skills and interests B. decide their future job or career C. get ready for the workforce D. start their career as soon as they can 37. The benefit of investigating the subjects and activities you like best is that ______ . A. you can learn about yourself and your interests B. you can do whatever you want before start work C. you can easily choose the suitable career path D. you can put your interests into activities at school 38. All of the following are the ways to identify career interests EXCEPT ______. A. studying the subjects and activities you like best B. have contacts with workers in the sector you are interested in C. investigating the local economy and the types of jobs they offer D. talking with your parents, friends, or teachers about careers 39. We can infer from the passage that high school students ______. A. should get right qualifications for future jobs B. take internship as a type of practical career training C. don' need to get any jobs to get experience D. talk directly to workers to know what to do soon 17
40. All of the following are true about internships EXCEPT that ______. A. they are a good way to get experience B. they don't last a very long time C. they needn't be related to a career D. their tasks are well prepared UNIT 9: CHOOSING A CAREER A. GLOSSARY WORD TRANSCRIPTION COLLOCATIONS MEANING 1 tedious / ˈtiːdiəs / Be/ look/ seem/ sound/ become/ Lasting too long and not get/ make sth/ find sth ~ interesting/ boring ( chán ngắt) 2 mature /məˈtʃʊə/ (A): be/ become fully/ = sensible (like adult)/ fully emotionally/ physically ~ grown (trưởng thành/ chín ) (V): ~ into/ to 3 result / rɪˈzʌlt / (N): ~ of Caused by sth (kết quả) (V): ~ from sth/ ~ in sth/ sb ( doing sth) 4 apprentice / əˈprentɪs/ (N): an ~ electrician/ chef A young person who works for (V – passive): ~ to sb as sth an employer (thực tập sinh) 5 available / əˈveɪləbl/ (A): be/ become/ make sth~ 1. that you can get, buy, use (có ~ for sb; ~ from sth sẵn để mua, sử dụng) 2. free to be seen/ talked to (rảnh rỗi) 6 career / kəˈrɪə(r) / ~ path/ ladder/ choice/ move/ Series of jobs that a person has prospects/ advice/ service (sự nghiệp, công việc) ~ in; during/ throughout your ~ 7 shadow / ˈʃædəʊ / ~ sb To be with sb so that you can learn about the job (đi theo ai để học việc) 8 rewarding / rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ / Be/ prove/ find sth ~ 1. worth doing (đáng xem, đọc, ~ in sth làm) 2. profitable (có lời) 9 maturity / məˈtʃʊərəti / Approach/ come to/ grow to/ 1. adult behavior (sự trưởng reach ~ thành) 2. full growth 10 run Phrasal verb ~ on (meeting) = continue ~ out of sth ( fuel) = use up sth without stopping ( sử dụng hết) ~ out (agreement/ document) = expire (no longer valid) 11 keep Phrasal verb ~ on (rain) = to continue ~ up with sth/sb (change/ fashion) = move at the same rate as ( theo kịp/ bắt nhịp với…) 12 so that Conjunction of So that/ in order that Liên từ chỉ mục đích purpose So as (not) to/ in order ( not) to So + Adj + be + S + that SV 13 as Conjunction of As/ just as Liên từ chỉ cách thức manner As though/ as if + present  có thật ở hiện tại Simple past không có thật ở hiện tại Past perfect  không có thật trong quá khứ 14 strength / streŋθ / (CN): ~ and weaknesses = Advantage/ useful quality Exploit/ play to/ identify ~ (ưu điểm) ~ lie in sth 18
15 issue / ˈɪsjuː / (CN) A number/ range/ series of 1. problems (vấn đề) ~ 2. publications (sự phát hành) Raise/ consider/ explore/ Settle/ address/ deal with/ tackle ~ about/ relating to/ concerning 16 workplace / ˈwɜːkpleɪs / The ~ Where people work (nơi làm việc) 17 potential / pəˈtenʃl / (UN) have/ show/ be aware of/ 1. possibility of sth happening see/ develop/ exploit/ fulfill/ (khả năng xảy ra) reach/ realize ~ 2. qualities that exist (tiềm năng) ~ as sb/ ~ for sth 18 attitude / ˈætɪtjuːd / Adopt/ have/ take/ change ~ The way that you think and feel ~ to/ towards/ of/ about about sb/sth (thái độ) 19 get Phrasal verb Get on with sb Have a good relationship with ( hòa thuận với ai) 20 drop Phrasal verb Drop out of (class/ school)  To quit ( bỏ học) Drop in on sb  To visit (ghé thăm không báo trước) 21 think Phrasal verb Think back on sth (childhood/ To recall (nhớ lại) youth) 22 straight / streɪt / Come/ go ~ to/ into Immediately (ngay lập tức, thẳng) 23 skill / skɪl / Have/ possess/ lack/ need/ The ability to do sth well (kỹ require/ take/ develop/ learn/ năng) pick up/ display/ practice/ apply/ improve/ broaden/ master ~ ~ at/ in sth/ doing sth 24 relevant / ˈreləvənt / ~ suggestion/ question/ 1. Closely connected with the experience/ information subject (liên quan mật thiết đến) ~ to sth/ sb 2. valuable/ useful to sb/sth (phù hợp với ai/ cái gì) 25 expense / ɪkˈspens / (Plural): living/ household/ Money spent for a particular medical/ legal ~ purpose (chi tiêu/ phí tổn) 26 aspect / ˈæspekt / Many/ all aspects of sth A particular part or feature of a In every aspect (of sth) situation, problem (khía cạnh) 27 relationship / rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp / ~ between A and B/ ~ with sb The way in which two people, Develop/ build up/ foster/ groups … behave towards each establish/ improve/ strengthen/ other (mối quan hệ) maintain/ destroy/ break off ~ 28 responsibilities / rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti / ~ for (sth/ doing sth) Duty (trách nhiệm, bổn phận) Have/ take( on/ over)/ bear/ shoulder/ share/ lay/ place/ deny/ disclaim 29 outweigh / ˌaʊtˈweɪ / Far/ greatly/ heavily/ more than/ Be greater than sth (vượt trội hơn vastly ~ sth về số lượng, giá trị) 30 direction / dəˈrekʃn / Change/ take ~ 1. where to/ from (hướng) Go in/ move in ~ 2. development (sự phát triển) 31 assessment / əˈsesmənt / Carry out/ do/ give/ make ~ = Evaluation/ judgement about Undertake/ take ~ sth/ sb (đánh giá) 32 stimulate / ˈstɪmjuleɪt / ~ sth/ sb 1. encourage sth (khuyến khích) ~ sb to do sth 2. make sb interested in sth (làm ai đó hào hứng) 19
B. PRACTICE TEST Choose the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. secure B. recruit C. tedious D. require 2. A. mature B. ambition C. applicant D. fascinating 3. A. result B. pursue C. grips D. journalist Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4. A. dishwasher B. paperwork C. apprentice D. programmer 5. A. temporary B. available C. journalism D. interviewer Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences 6. The life of a journalist can be both ______ and ______ . A. tedious B. demanding-exciting C. interesting- excited D. demanding- excited 7. Whatever your decision, bear in mind that most people change ______ paths up to five times during their lifetime. A. job B. vocation C. occupation D. career 8. For careers that truly interest you, consider asking each person if you can ______ him or her at work. A. follow B. search C. shadow D. monitor 9. The career may be stressful, but it can be very ______ in salary as well as in pride of accomplishment A. exciting B. accepted C. rewarding D. low 10. A fruit that is fully-ripe is an example of a fruit that has reached ______. A. mature B. growth C. development D. maturity 11. The motor of the car won't work, we have run _______ petrol! A. on B. out C. out of D. out for 12. You must walk slowly if you want the children to ______ with. A. keep on B. keep up C. go on D. come up 13. I studied languages _____I could work abroad. A. so B. so that C. as D. if 14. Don't take my advice if you don't want to. You can do ______ you like. A. for B. as C. although D. but 15. The old farmer nodded, ______he had understood every word. A. as B. so C. as though D. although Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 16. At this time of year, the Grade 12 students (A) are eagerly awaiting their results, (B) or you should also start (C) thinking about landing (D) your first job. 17. You (A) need to be able to define (B) your experience and strengths (C) identifying (D) while at school. 18. How (A) you handle an interview (B) are also (C) extremely critical (D) in the selection process. 19. By the time you (A) walk away the interview, ensure you (B) have sold yourself sufficiently, (C) so it is clear what your potential (D) is to the prospective employer. 20. People are often employed (A) based on the 90% attitude and 10% skill ratio, so (B) take the most of every opportunity (C) that presents (D) itself. Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 21. He quit the class of Science because it was too difficult. A. dropped out of B. get out of C. skip off D. stop out 22. I might visit Nick for tea sometime this week. A. drop in on B. call at C. stop out D. come upon 23. He was surprised how well his new girlfriend had a good relationship with his mother. A. got on well with B. work on well with C. was on terms with D. gone off with Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 24. If you maintain pace with your classmates, you will get into a great college. A. keep up with B. lag behind C. lose touch with D. are on par with 20