ĐỀ THI DỰ KIẾN ĐẠI HỌC NĂM 2011 MÔN: ANH VĂN - ĐỀ 4

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ĐỀ THI DỰ KIẾN ĐẠI HỌC NĂM 2011 MÔN: ANH VĂN - ĐỀ 4 Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete each of the following sentences 1. The criminal was sentenced to death because of………..of his crime. a. the severity b. the complexity c. a punishment d. the importance 2. Whales have……..ears, which they use to find their location. a. quite sensible b. very sensitive c. good sense d. sensibly good 3. A person of…….age may suffer from defects of vision. a. every b. certain c. some d. any 4. Children must be taught to………between right and wrong. a. distinguishable b. distinguishing c. distinguished d. distinguish 5. “Would you like me to get a taxi?” - “……………..” a. That would be delightful. Thanks b. Well, let’s see. c. Yes, please, if it’s no bother d. Yes, I see. 6. You have a good feeling about yourself and…….when you volunteer. a. others b. other c. the other d. the others 7. After years of being exposed to the sun and rain, the sign had become completely…….. a. unreadable b. illegible c. misread d. readable 8. At first I found it difficult to get……….on the other side of the road. a. used to ride b. used to driving c. use of driving d. used to being driven 9. If it………..their encouragement, he could have given it up. a. had been for b. hadn’t been c. hadn’t been for d. wouldn’t have been for 10. The only way to………world terrorism is by united opposition. a. eliminate b. discriminate c. protest d. prevent 11. James: “What’s the matter?” - Anne: “………..” a. Nothing b. Not at all c. That’s all right d. It’s no trouble 12. By the end of this month I……….for this company for two years. a. have been working b. will have been working c. will be working d. will work 13. Flooding in April is an unusual ………in this area. a. occur b. occurrence c. occurring d. occurred 14. Lorie is very thin, ……….her young sister, who is quite heavy. a. dissimilar to b. unlikely c. unlike d. dislike 15. Psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have……….only reason for loneliness. a. are not the b. is not the c. are not an d. is not an 16. The company will……….their work week from 45 to 40 hours a week next month. a. lengthen b. shorten c. prolong d. narrow 17. Many American have less time than ever before……….preparing food. a. for spending b. by spending c. that they spend d. to spend 18. he’s an exceptionally gifted pianist and………several prizes in international competitions. a. has defeated b. has played c. has won d. has succeeded 19. Socially, Dave was a gregarious person who enjoyed…………of others enormously. a. the company b. company c. a company d. the companies 20. James………so lonely before he moved to Sydney. a. has never been b. was never c. wouldn’t be d. had never been 21. Red Ribbon Week, a national campaign to keep young people from using drugs,……… a. annually in October b. annually in October each year c. takes place annually in October d. taking place annually in October 22. It is a fact that…………..form of energy. a. electricity being the most useful b. electricity the most useful c. the most useful in electricity d. electricity is the most useful 23. ………….over long distances is a fact. a. That electricity can be transmitted b. That electricity transmitting c. That electricity d. That can be transmitted 24. Only in the Civil War………killed or wounded.
a. soldiers in America b. so many American soldiers were c. many in America d. were so many American soldiers 25. The first American novelist to have a major impact on world literature………….. a. who was James Fennimore Cooper b. was James Fennimore Cooper c. it was James Fennimore Cooper d. James Fennimore Cooper was 26. Natural silk is still highly prized ………similar artificial fabrics. a. in spite of the availability of b. despite there are available c. although is available d. even though an availability of 27. ……….in the atmosphere is the temperature falling below freezing. a. Frost is produced b. Frost produces c. What produces frost d. What is frost 28. Prices of flats…………from a few thousand to millions of dollars. a. vary b. change c. differ d. fluctuate 29. It’s your own fault. You…….them to go out on their own; they are still new here. a. mustn’t have allowed b. can’t allow c. shouldn’t allow d. shouldn’t have allowed 30. Neither Jim nor his brothers………to school. Their father teaches them at home. a. have never been b. has ever been c. have ever been d. ever go Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. 31. While electric cars eliminate auto pollution, limited power of the car’s battery is a serious problem. 32. “Would you rather came in the morning of the afternoon?” 33. Having hoped to be first in line when they opened the doors, we arrived an hour early for the concert. 34. Nobody seems to know to add or subtract without his or her pocket calculator anymore. 35. He may be releases soon as there exists no proof of his guilty. Mark the letter a, b, c or d to indicate the underlined sound that is pronounced differently from the rest or the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress: 36. a. reindeer b. engineer c. pioneer d. referee 37. a. dangerous b. marvelous c. conspicuous d. numerous 38. a. establish b. illustrate c. intimidate d. inheritance 39. a. expansion b. conversion c. precision d. explosion 40. a. eradicate b. character c. malaria d. spectacular Choose the correct sentence with the same meaning as the given one in italics 41. Tom has the ability to be a professional musician, but he’s too lazy to practice. a. He is able to practice music lessons professionally though he is lazy. b. As a professional musician he is not lazy to practice music lessons. c. He is talented but he’ll never be a professional musician as he doesn’t practice. d. Though practicing lazily, he is a professional musician. 42. She couldn’t find the classroom until after the class had begun. a. she went to the wrong class. B. She was late for class because she had got lost c. She missed the class.D. she had some trouble finding the class but she arrived on time 43. The book costs $15,50 but I have only $14,50. a. I have more than enough money to pay for the book. b. The book costs a little more than I have with me. c. I have just enough money to pay for the book. d. I need a few more dollars to pay for the book. 44. My father likes nothing better than fishing on a hot , summer day. a. My father doesn’t like fishing on a hot, summer day. b. Although he likes fishing he doesn’t want to do it on a hot, summer day. c. Fishing is my father’s favorite enjoyment on a hot, summer day. d. Fishing is better than doing nothing on a hot, summer day. 45. If I hadn’t had so much work to do I would have gone to the movies. a. I never go to the movies if I have work to do. B. I would go to the movies when I had done so much work. c. A lot of work couldn’t prevent me from going to the movies. d. Because I had to do so much work I couldn’t go to the movies. 46. worlds oceans / vast / cope / present levels / pollution. a. The worlds oceans are so vast that they can cope with the present levels of pollution. b. The worlds oceans are too vast to cope with the present levels of pollution. c. The worlds oceans are very vast although they can cope with the present levels of pollution. d. The worlds oceans are so vast that they can cope with the present levels of pollution.
47. robots / use / slaves , therefore / free / people / do / more of the things / want. a. Robots used slaves, therefore, people freeing them to do more of the things they want. b. Robots would be used like slaves, therefore, free people can do more of the things they want. c. Robots would be used as slaves, therefore, freeing people to do more of the things they want. d. Robots use is like slaves, therefore, free people do for them more of the things they want. 48. way/ protect / all the wildlife/ must / find / many species / in danger of extinction. a. A way to protect all the wildlife must find as many species are in danger of extinction. b. A way is protected for all the wildlife, finding any species which are in danger of extinction. c. A way protects all the wildlife that are found among many species in danger of extinction. d. A way of protecting all the wildlife must be found as many species are in danger of extinction. 49. persons choice / occupation / probably / most important / ever have / made a. A persons choice of occupation is probably the most important one that ever has to be made. b. A persons choice about occupation is probably most important one to have ever made. c. A persons choice from occupation is probably the most important one ever has to be made. d. A persons choice among occupation is probably most important ever having made. 50. my opinion / unfair/ women / more duties / husbands. a. According to my opinion it is unfair when women have more duties than their husbands. b. In my opinion it is unfair that women have more duties than their husbands c. My opinion is unfair for women to have more duties than their husbands. d. My opinion, which seems to be unfair, is that women should have more duties than their husbands. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage. All life is sound. We are constantly surrounded by sounds and noises ( 51)…..by nature and everything in it. For thousands of years man has been speaking and singing, and ( 52)……his wonderfully constructed ear, perceiving sounds and noises, although they are but a small part of the inconceivable wealth of sounds filling the universe. Children everywhere and without ( 53)……..are born with musical abilities with voices, and with hearing. The difference lies ( 54)……in what they do with these gifts. That ( 55)…..according to temperament upbringing nationality, and time. Nature itself is full of sound, full of music. Musical sounds existed millions of years before there was a human ear to hear ( 56)………: the soft bubbling of the water, the roll of thunder, the whistling and rustling of leaves in the wind and ( 57)…….knows how many other audible manifestations of nature. Man was born ( 58)…..a world of sound. Thunder filled him with fear and became a symbol of supernatural ( 59)…… In the roar of the wind he heard the voices of demons. Dwellers at the seashore ( 60)……the temper of the gods by the sound of the waves. Religious rites and music were inseparable at the dawn of humanity. 51. a. found b. heard b. produced d. existing 52. a. thanks to b. based on c. in spite of d. without 53. a. exception b. doubt c. consideration d. preparation 54. a. absolutely b. merely c. especially d. suddenly 55. a. depends b. forms c. varies d. differentiates 56. a. them b. it c. all d. from 57. a. he b. someone c. who d. everyone 58. a. with b. from c. in d. into 59. a. disasters b. powers c. symbols d. existence 60. a. terrified b. touched c. judged d. heard Read the passage and choose the best answer. CONSERVING THE WORLD’S NATURAL RESOURCES In the decade of the 1970s, the United Nations organized several important meetings on the human environment to study a very serious problem. We humans are destroying the world around us. We are using up all of our natural resources. We must learn to conserve them , or life will be very bad for our children and our grandchildren. There are several major parts to this problem. Population: Most problems of the environment come from population growth. In 1700 there were 625 million people in the world. In 1900 there were 1.6 billion . In 1950 2.5 billion, and in 1980 4.4 billion. In the year 2010 there will be well over 6 billion. More people need more water, more food, more wood, and more petroleum. Distribution: Scientists say there is enough water in the world for everyone, but some countries have a lot of water and some have only little. Some areas get all their rain during one season. The rest of the year is dry. There are huge forests in the Amazon area of brazil. In other parts of the world there is only desert.
Petroleum: We are using up the world’s petroleum. We use it in our cars and heat our building in winter. Farmers can use petrochemical to make the soil rich. They use to kill insects that eat plants. These chemical go into rivers and lakes and kill the fish there. Thousands of people also die from these chemicals every year. Chemical also go into the air and pollute it. Winds carry this polluted air to other countries and other continents. Poverty: Poor farmers use the same land over and over. The land needs a rest so it will be better next year. However, the farmer must have food this year. Poor people cut down trees for firewood. In some areas when the trees are gone, the land becomes desert. However, people need wood to cook their food now. Poor people cannot save the environment for the future. We now have the information and the ability to solve these huge problems. However, this is not a problem for one country or one area of the world. It is a problem for all humans. The people and the nations of the world must work together to conserve the world’s resources. No one controls the future, but we all help make it. 61. We humans destroying our……… a. natural resources b. farms c. deserts d. environment 62. Our natural resources are………. a. running out b. being disused c. being destroyed d. being wasted 63. The phrase “using up’ is closest in meaning to……… a. using it to increase the amount of…… b. using all of it c. using it for a short time d. trying to preserve 64. Most environmental problems come from……… a. forests b. too much rain c. population growth d. poor distribution 65. The word them in paragraph 1 refers to………… a. our children and grandchildren b. the United Nations c. our natural resources d. human beings 66. Good distribution means…………. a. having things in the right place at the right time. b. cutting down forests and selling them to other countries c. building water systems to carry water to farms. d. conserving our natural resources. 67. According to the passage, petrochemical help farmers to………………. a. enrich the soil b. kill insects and plants c. kill fish in rivers and lakes d. pollute the air in many countries 68. Poor farmers don’t give their land a rest because……………. a. they don’t have petrochemical to kill insects. b. they don’t have enough land to let some of it rest each year. c. they need more water d. they need firewood. 69. Which of the following is not mentioned as a major cause of the problem? a. population growth b. distribution of natural resources c. use of petroleum d. lack of rain in certain areas 70. Which of the following statement is not true? a. People must work together to save the environment b. We have the ability to solve environmental problems. c. we control the future d. We help make the future LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers. All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in meaningful sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sou nds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages. Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa. Languages are always changing , but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialis ts in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from
Nahuatl, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general. There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related , and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austroneisan family contains at least 500languages, including Pilipino; Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain is the only member of its language family. The Indo- European language family contains 55languages, including English. German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi are also Indo- European languages. Another language family is Sino- Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro –Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew , and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences among them and have been divided into more than 50 language families. People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily- and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language. 71. In the world there are about four thousand……………… a. small language families b. spoken languages c. rules for dividing languages into families. D. languages spoken by million of people 72. According to the passage, all languages have……… a. a systems of gestures, b. rules for forming words and ordering words in sentences. c. rules for communicating ideas and feelings d. a system of written characters. 73. A system of sounds and rules for combining sounds are needed to express meaning in……. a. spoken languages b. written languages c. sign languages d. languages used by disabled people 74. According to the passage, the sound system is ……. a. not important in English b. more important in Chinese than in any other languages c. of great importance in many spoken languages in West Africa. d. less important than word order. 75. Scientist say that there are several…………. a. small languages families b. animal languages c. different groups of the English language d. major English families 76. It can be inferred from the passage that………….. a. the word byte was invented in the 19th century. b. the word tomato was originally not an English word. c. the meanings of words tend to change over time. d. computer specialists often borrow words from other languages. 77. American Indian languages are not all in the same language family because………… a. there are about 150 of them b. no one has studied them. c. some of them have only a few speakers d. there are many differences among them. 78. A language changes when people………….. a. invent new words b. borrow words from other languages c. change the meaning of words. D. all the above correct 79. The Austronesian language family contains…………… a. fifty – five languages b. Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan c. at least five hundred languages d. Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic 80. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT………….. a. All languages have rules b. Spoken and written languages are the same c. languages are always changing , but they change slowly d. Some language families are bigger than others.
PRACTICE TEST 21 - KEY Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete each of the following sentences 1. The criminal was sentenced to death because of………..of his crime. a. the severity b. the complexity c. a punishment d. the importance 2. Whales have……..ears, which they use to find their location. a. quite sensible b. very sensitive c. good sense d. sensibly good 3. A person of…….age may suffer from defects of vision. a. every b. certain c. some d. any 4. Children must be taught to………between right and wrong. a. distinguishable b. distinguishing c. distinguished d. distinguish 5. “Would you like me to get a taxi?” - “……………..” a. That would be delightful. Thanks b. Well, let’s see. c. Yes, please, if it’s no bother d. Yes, I see. 6. You have a good feeling about yourself and…….when you volunteer. a. others b. other c. the other d. the others 7. After years of being exposed to the sun and rain, the sign had become completely…….. a. unreadable b. illegible c. misread d. readable 8. At first I found it difficult to get……….on the other side of the road. a. used to ride b. used to driving c. use of driving d. used to being driven 9. If it………..their encouragement, he could have given it up. a. had been for b. hadn’t been c. hadn’t been for d. wouldn’t have been for 10. The only way to………world terrorism is by united opposition. a. eliminate b. discriminate c. protest d. prevent 11. James: “What’s the matter?” - Anne: “………..” a. Nothing b. Not at all c. That’s all right d. It’s no trouble 12. By the end of this month I……….for this company for two years. a. have been working b. will have been working c. will be working d. will work 13. Flooding in April is an unusual ………in this area. a. occur b. occurrence c. occurring d. occurred 14. Lorie is very thin, ……….her young sister, who is quite heavy. a. dissimilar to b. unlikely c. unlike d. dislike 15. Psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have……….only reason for loneliness. a. are not the b. is not the c. are not an d. is not an 16. The company will……….their work week from 45 to 40 hours a week next month. a. lengthen b. shorten c. prolong d. narrow 17. Many American have less time than ever before……….preparing food. a. for spending b. by spending c. that they spend d. to spend 18. he’s an exceptionally gifted pianist and………several prizes in international competitions. a. has defeated b. has played c. has won d. has succeeded 19. Socially, Dave was a gregarious person who enjoyed…………of others enormously. a. the company b. company c. a company d. the companies 20. James………so lonely before he moved to Sydney. a. has never been b. was never c. wouldn’t be d. had never been 21. Red Ribbon Week, a national campaign to keep young people from using drugs,……… a. annually in October b. annually in October each year c. takes place annually in October d. taking place annually in October 22. It is a fact that…………..form of energy. a. electricity being the most useful b. electricity the most useful c. the most useful in electricity d. electricity is the most useful 23. ………….over long distances is a fact. a. That electricity can be transmitted b. That electricity transmitting c. That electricity d. That can be transmitted 24. Only in the Civil War………killed or wounded. a. soldiers in America b. so many American soldiers were c. many in America d. were so many American soldiers
25. The first American novelist to have a major impact on world literature………….. a. who was James Fennimore Cooper b. was James Fennimore Cooper c. it was James Fennimore Cooper d. James Fennimore Cooper was 26. Natural silk is still highly prized ………similar artificial fabrics. a. in spite of the availability of b. despite there are available c. although is available d. even though an availability of 27. ……….in the atmosphere is the temperature falling below freezing. a. Frost is produced b. Frost produces c. What produces frost d. What is frost 28. Prices of flats…………from a few thousand to millions of dollars. a. vary b. change c. differ d. fluctuate 29. It’s your own fault. You…….them to go out on their own; they are still new here. a. mustn’t have allowed b. can’t allow c. shouldn’t allow d. shouldn’t have allowed 30. Neither Jim nor his brothers………to school. Their father teaches them at home. a. have never been b. has ever been c. have ever been d. ever go Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. 31. While electric cars eliminate auto pollution, limited power of the car’s battery is a serious problem. 32. “Would you rather came in the morning of the afternoon?” 33. Having hoped to be first in line when they opened the doors, we arrived an hour early for the concert. 34. Nobody seems to know to add or subtract without his or her pocket calculator anymore. 35. He may be releases soon as there exists no proof of his guilty. Mark the letter a, b, c or d to indicate the underlined sound that is pronounced differently from the rest or the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress: 36. a. reindeer b. engineer c. pioneer d. referee 37. a. dangerous b. marvelous c. conspicuous d. numerous 38. a. establish b. illustrate c. intimidate d. inheritance 39. a. expansion b. conversion c. precision d. explosion 40. a. eradicate b. character c. malaria d. spectacular Choose the correct sentence with the same meaning as the given one in italics 41. Tom has the ability to be a professional musician, but he’s too lazy to practice. a. He is able to practice music lessons professionally though he is lazy. b. As a professional musician he is not lazy to practice music lessons. c. He is talented but he’ll never be a professional musician as he doesn’t practice. d. Though practicing lazily, he is a professional musician. 42. She couldn’t find the classroom until after the class had begun. a. she went to the wrong class. B. She was late for class because she had got lost c. She missed the class.D. she had some trouble finding the class but she arrived on time 43. The book costs $15,50 but I have only $14,50. a. I have more than enough money to pay for the book. b. The book costs a little more than I have with me. c. I have just enough money to pay for the book. d. I need a few more dollars to pay for the book. 44. My father likes nothing better than fishing on a hot , summer day. a. My father doesn’t like fishing on a hot, summer day. b. Although he likes fishing he doesn’t want to do it on a hot, summer day. c. Fishing is my father’s favorite enjoyment on a hot, summer day. d. Fishing is better than doing nothing on a hot, summer day. 45. If I hadn’t had so much work to do I would have gone to the movies. a. I never go to the movies if I have work to do. B. I would go to the movies when I had done so much work. c. A lot of work couldn’t prevent me from going to the movies. d. Because I had to do so much work I couldn’t go to the movies. 46. worlds oceans / vast / cope / present levels / pollution. a. The worlds oceans are so vast that they can cope with the present levels of pollution. b. The worlds oceans are too vast to cope with the present levels of pollution. c. The worlds oceans are very vast although they can cope with the present levels of pollution. d. The worlds oceans are so vast that they can cope with the present levels of pollution. 47. robots / use / slaves , therefore / free / people / do / more of the things / want. a. Robots used slaves, therefore, people freeing them to do more of the things they want.
b. Robots would be used like slaves, therefore, free people can do more of the things they want. c. Robots would be used as slaves, therefore, freeing people to do more of the things they want. d. Robots use is like slaves, therefore, free people do for them more of the things they want. 48. way/ protect / all the wildlife/ must / find / many species / in danger of extinction. a. A way to protect all the wildlife must find as many species are in danger of extinction. b. A way is protected for all the wildlife, finding any species which are in danger of extinction. c. A way protects all the wildlife that are found among many species in danger of extinction. d. A way of protecting all the wildlife must be found as many species are in danger of extinction. 49. persons choice / occupation / probably / most important / ever have / made a. A persons choice of occupation is probably the most important one that ever has to be made. b. A persons choice about occupation is probably most important one to have ever made. c. A persons choice from occupation is probably the most important one ever has to be made. d. A persons choice among occupation is probably most important ever having made. 50. my opinion / unfair/ women / more duties / husbands. a. According to my opinion it is unfair when women have more duties than their husbands. b. In my opinion it is unfair that women have more duties than their husbands c. My opinion is unfair for women to have more duties than their husbands. d. My opinion, which seems to be unfair, is that women should have more duties than their husbands. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage. All life is sound. We are constantly surrounded by sounds and noises ( 51)…..by nature and everything in it. For thousands of years man has been speaking and singing, and ( 52)……his wonderfully constructed ear, perceiving sounds and noises, although they are but a small part of the inconceivable wealth of sounds filling the universe. Children everywhere and without ( 53)……..are born with musical abilities with voices, and with hearing. The difference lies ( 54)……in what they do with these gifts. That ( 55)…..according to temperament upbringing nationality, and time. Nature itself is full of sound, full of music. Musical sounds existed millions of years before there was a human ear to hear ( 56)………: the soft bubbling of the water, the roll of thunder, the whistling and rustling of leaves in the wind and ( 57)…….knows how many other audible manifestations of nature. Man was born ( 58)…..a world of sound. Thunder filled him with fear and became a symbol of supernatural ( 59)…… In the roar of the wind he heard the voices of demons. Dwellers at the seashore ( 60)……the temper of the gods by the sound of the waves. Religious rites and music were inseparable at the dawn of humanity. 51. a. found b. heard b. produced d. existing 52. a. thanks to b. based on c. in spite of d. without 53. a. exception b. doubt c. consideration d. preparation 54. a. absolutely b. merely c. especially d. suddenly 55. a. depends b. forms c. varies d. differentiates 56. a. them b. it c. all d. from 57. a. he b. someone c. who d. everyone 58. a. with b. from c. in d. into 59. a. disasters b. powers c. symbols d. existence 60. a. terrified b. touched c. judged d. heard Read the passage and choose the best answer. CONSERVING THE WORLD’S NATURAL RESOURCES In the decade of the 1970s, the United Nations organized several important meetings on the human environment to study a very serious problem. We humans are destroying the world around us. We are using up all of our natural resources. We must learn to conserve them , or life will be very bad for our children and our grandchildren. There are several major parts to this problem. Population: Most problems of the environment come from population growth. In 1700 there were 625 million people in the world. In 1900 there were 1.6 billion . In 1950 2.5 billion, and in 1980 4.4 billion. In the year 2010 there will be well over 6 billion. More people need more water, more food, more wood, and more petroleum. Distribution: Scientists say there is enough water in the world for everyone, but some countries have a lot of water and some have only little. Some areas get all their rain during one season. The rest of the year is dry. There are huge forests in the Amazon area of brazil. In other parts of the world there is only desert. Petroleum: We are using up the world’s petroleum. We use it in our cars and heat our building in winter.
Farmers can use petrochemical to make the soil rich. They use to kill insects that eat plants. These chemical go into rivers and lakes and kill the fish there. Thousands of people also die from these chemicals every year. Chemical also go into the air and pollute it. Winds carry this polluted air to other countries and other continents. Poverty: Poor farmers use the same land over and over. The land needs a rest so it will be better next year. However, the farmer must have food this year. Poor people cut down trees for firewood. In some areas when the trees are gone, the land becomes desert. However, people need wood to cook their food now. Poor people cannot save the environment for the future. We now have the information and the ability to solve these huge problems. However, this is not a problem for one country or one area of the world. It is a problem for all humans. The people and the nations of the world must work together to conserve the world’s resources. No one controls the future, but we all help make it. 61. We humans destroying our……… a. natural resources b. farms c. deserts d. environment 62. Our natural resources are………. a. running out b. being disused c. being destroyed d. being wasted 63. The phrase “using up’ is closest in meaning to……… a. using it to increase the amount of…… b. using all of it c. using it for a short time d. trying to preserve 64. Most environmental problems come from……… a. forests b. too much rain c. population growth d. poor distribution 65. The word them in paragraph 1 refers to………… a. our children and grandchildren b. the United Nations c. our natural resources d. human beings 66. Good distribution means…………. a. having things in the right place at the right time. b. cutting down forests and selling them to other countries c. building water systems to carry water to farms. d. conserving our natural resources. 67. According to the passage, petrochemical help farmers to………………. a. enrich the soil b. kill insects and plants c. kill fish in rivers and lakes d. pollute the air in many countries 68. Poor farmers don’t give their land a rest because……………. a. they don’t have petrochemical to kill insects. b. they don’t have enough land to let some of it rest each year. c. they need more water d. they need firewood. 69. Which of the following is not mentioned as a major cause of the problem? a. population growth b. distribution of natural resources c. use of petroleum d. lack of rain in certain areas 70. Which of the following statement is not true? a. People must work together to save the environment b. We have the ability to solve environmental problems. c. we control the future d. We help make the future LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers. All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in meaningful sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sou nds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages. Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa. Languages are always changing , but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from
Nahuatl, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general. There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related , and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austroneisan family contains at least 500languages, including Pilipino; Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain is the only member of its language family. The Indo- European language family contains 55languages, including English. German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi are also Indo- European languages. Another language family is Sino- Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro –Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew , and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences among them and have been divided into more than 50 language families. People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily- and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language. 71. In the world there are about four thousand……………… a. small language families b. spoken languages c. rules for dividing languages into families. D. languages spoken by million of people 72. According to the passage, all languages have……… a. a systems of gestures, b. rules for forming words and ordering words in sentences. c. rules for communicating ideas and feelings d. a system of written characters. 73. A system of sounds and rules for combining sounds are needed to express meaning in……. a. spoken languages b. written languages c. sign languages d. languages used by disabled people 74. According to the passage, the sound system is ……. a. not important in English b. more important in Chinese than in any other languages c. of great importance in many spoken languages in West Africa. d. less important than word order. 75. Scientist say that there are several…………. a. small languages families b. animal languages c. different groups of the English language d. major English families 76. It can be inferred from the passage that………….. a. the word byte was invented in the 19th century. b. the word tomato was originally not an English word. c. the meanings of words tend to change over time. d. computer specialists often borrow words from other languages. 77. American Indian languages are not all in the same language family because………… a. there are about 150 of them b. no one has studied them. c. some of them have only a few speakers d. there are many differences among them. 78. A language changes when people………….. a. invent new words b. borrow words from other languages c. change the meaning of words. D. all the above correct 79. The Austronesian language family contains…………… a. fifty – five languages b. Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan c. at least five hundred languages d. Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic 80. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT………….. a. All languages have rules b. Spoken and written languages are the same c. languages are always changing , but they change slowly d. Some language families are bigger than others.