Giáo trình Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành (Nghề: Tin học văn phòng - Trình độ: Trung cấp) - Trường Cao đẳng nghề Cần Thơ

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Giáo trình "Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành (Nghề: Tin học văn phòng - Trình độ: Trung cấp)" được biên soạn nhằm giúp sinh viên biết cách sử dụng máy tính và các phần mềm ứng dụng khác; hiểu được các sự cố máy tính để tìm cách giải quyết; nắm được các tài liệu chuyên ngành Công nghệ thông tin viết bằng tiếng Anh ở trình độ tương ứng.

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Nội dung Text: Giáo trình Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành (Nghề: Tin học văn phòng - Trình độ: Trung cấp) - Trường Cao đẳng nghề Cần Thơ

THVP-TC-MH14-TACN TUYÊN BỐ BẢN QUYỀN: Tài liệu này thuộc loại sách giáo trình nên các nguồn thông tin có thể được phép dùng nguyên bản hoặc trích dùng cho các mục đích về đào tạo và tham khảo. Mọi mục đích khác mang tính lệch lạc hoặc sử dụng với mục đích kinh doanh thiếu lành mạnh sẽ bị nghiêm cấm. 1
Introduction The aim of this lecture is to develop a basic knowledge of how English is used for communication in Information Technology. It is suitable for use in universities, colleges and technical schools with intermediate students who already know how to handle the common English sentence patterns but who want to improve and extend their language skills in the context of IT. Little or no previous knowledge of Information Technology is assumed, but if students work through the lecture carefully they will certainly learn a great deal about it since the material does embrace all the basic concepts of Information Technology. There are 13 lessons covering a wide range of current IT topics using a variety of texts and visual material taken from textlectures, newspapers, popular computing magazines, Internet newsgroups, Webpages, manuals, and advertisements. The aim is to help students to acquire and develop the skills they will need in order to learn the subject of Information Technology. Emphasis is placed on developing reading skills; important lexical items are isolated for special attention and significant points of grammar are thoroughly treated and revised. The lecture also includes a comprehensive glossary of current IT terminology with Vietnamese translation, the answer key as well as many teaching notes. It is user-friendly to both teachers and students and its clear layout, using both photos and graphics, will make it a very popular choice for those wishing to acquire what are now regarded by many to be mandatory skills for employees in almost every part of the workforce. Having many years of experience of teaching Information technology in English and teaching English for Computing, the authors have devoted much time and effort to compile this lecture of English for Information Technology appropriate to the Vietnamese environment. Nevertheless, the lecture cannot escape from shortcomings that the authors would like to insist the tolerance from the users of the lecture and to thank them for their comments and remarks that will be valuable for the next publication. 2
Contents TUYÊN BỐ BẢN QUYỀN: ........................................................................................ 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 2 I. VỊ TRÍ, TÍNH CHẤT CỦA MÔN HỌC: ................................................................ 6 II. MỤC TIÊU MÔN HỌC:......................................................................................... 6 III. NỘI DUNG MÔN HỌC: ....................................................................................... 6 Lesson 1: The Computer ................................................................................................. 8 1.Computer hardware .................................................................................................. 8 2.What is a computer? ................................................................................................. 8 3.Different type of computer ....................................................................................... 9 4.Language work ....................................................................................................... 10 5.Benefits of laptops and tablet PCs .......................................................................... 11 Lesson 2: Everyday uses of the Computer .................................................................... 12 1.Match the pictures ................................................................................................... 12 2.Language work: The passive .................................................................................. 13 3.Reading ................................................................................................................... 15 4.Other application..................................................................................................... 15 Lesson 3. Keyboard and mouse .................................................................................... 17 1.Interacting with your computer .............................................................................. 17 2.Speaking.................................................................................................................. 18 3.About the keyboard ................................................................................................. 18 4.Reading ................................................................................................................... 19 5.Language work: Describing function ..................................................................... 20 Lesson 4. Printer ............................................................................................................ 21 1.Reading ................................................................................................................... 21 2.Discourse cohesion ................................................................................................. 22 3.Scan reading: Quiz .................................................................................................. 23 3.Language work: Revision of comparison ............................................................... 24 Lesson 6: Using a Word Processor ............................................................................... 25 1. Finding and Replacing Text ................................................................................ 25 2. Practice: HANDBOOK ....................................................................................... 25 3.Find a special character .......................................................................................... 27 4.Customize the handbook......................................................................................... 27 5.Use a thesaurus ....................................................................................................... 28 3
6. Save, print, and then close the modified handbook .............................................. 28 7.Selecting Text ......................................................................................................... 29 Lesson 7: Hardware and software ................................................................................ 31 Lesson 8. Networks ...................................................................................................... 33 1. Small networks ................................................................................................... 33 2. Networking FAQs .............................................................................................. 33 3. How many types of network are there? .............................................................. 33 4. How do I install a wired modem router? ............................................................ 33 5. How do I log on to the Internet service Provider? ............................................. 34 6. What is wireless networking? ............................................................................. 34 7. What do I need to set up a home wireless LAN? ............................................... 34 8. Which is better, a wired or wireless LAN? ........................................................ 34 9. Language work: phrasal verbs ............................................................................ 35 Lesson 9. Communications........................................................................................... 37 1. Before you read.Try to answer these questions. ................................................. 37 2. Reading ............................................................................................................... 37 3. Language work: Making predictions .................................................................. 39 Lesson 10: Word processing......................................................................................... 42 Working with Text .................................................................................................... 43 Word Processing ....................................................................................................... 43 Lesson 11. Spreadsheets ............................................................................................... 46 1. Looking at a spreadsheet .................................................................................... 46 Look at this spreadsheet and try to answer the questions. ........................................ 46 2. Reading ............................................................................................................... 46 3. Vocabulary ......................................................................................................... 47 4. Language work: Prepositions of place ............................................................... 47 5. Graphic representation........................................................................................ 48 6. Extension ............................................................................................................ 48 Lesson 12. PROGRAMMING ..................................................................................... 50 1. Warm-up ............................................................................................................. 50 2. Reading ............................................................................................................... 50 3. Language work: Infinitive constructions ............................................................ 51 4. The infinitive is used: ......................................................................................... 51 Lesson 13. THE INTERNET AND EMAIL ................................................................ 53 4
1. Internet basics ..................................................................................................... 53 2. Internet FAQs ...................................................................................................... 53 3. Language work: questions .................................................................................. 56 TAI LIỆU CẦN THAM KHẢO ................................................................................... 58 5
Tên môn học: TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH Mã số mô đun: MH 14 Thời gian mô đun: 45 giờ (Lý thuyết: 30 giờ; Thực hành: 15 giờ) I. VỊ TRÍ, TÍNH CHẤT CỦA MÔN HỌC:  Vị trí: Là mô đun rong khối kiến thức cơ sở, được bố trí học sau môn tiếng Anh cơ bản.  Tính chất: Môđun cấp cho học sinh vốn từ vựng về chuyên ngành công nghệ thông tin bằng tiếng Anh,đặc biệt là các thuật ngữ được sử dụng trong hệ thống máy tính và các cụm từ xuất hiện trong các sự cố máy tính cũng như trong các chỉ dẫn. II. MỤC TIÊU MÔN HỌC: Sau khi học xong mô đun, người học có thể: 1. Về kiến thức: - biết cách sử dụng máy tính và các phần mềm ứng dụng khác - hiểu được các sự cố máy tính để tìm cách giải quyết. - hiểu được các tài liệu chuyên ngành công nghệ thông tin viết bằng tiếng Anh ở trình độ tương ứng ; 2. Về kỹ năng: - Đọc/Viết được các tài liệu chuyên ngành công nghệ thông tin viết bằng tiếng Anh ở trình độ tương ứng ; 3. Về năng lực tự chủ và trách nhiệm:  Rèn luyện tính chính xác, khoa học và tác phong công nghiệp.  Hình thành tư duy khoa học, phát triển năng lực làm việc theo nhóm. III. NỘI DUNG MÔN HỌC: 1. Nội dung tổng quát và phân phối thời gian: Thời gian Số Tên các bài trong mô đun Tổng Lý Thực Kiểm TT số thuyết hành tra 1 The computer 4 3 1 2 Everyday uses of computer 4 2 2 3 Keyboard and mouse 3 2 1 4 Printer 3 2 1 5 Disk and disk drive 3 2 1 6 Using a word processor 4 3 2 Test 1 1 1 6
7 Hardware and software 3 2 1 8 Networks 3 2 1 9 Communications 3 2 1 10 Word processing 3 2 1 11 Databases and spread sheet 3 2 1 12 Programming 3 2 1 13 Internet 4 2 2 Test 1 1 1 Tổng số 45 28 15 2 7
Lesson 1: The Computer 1.Computer hardware A. In pairs, discuss these questions 1) Have you got a computer at home, school or work? What kind is it? 2) How often do you use it? What do you use it for? 3) What are the main components and features of your computer system? B. In pairs, label the elements of this computer system 2.What is a computer? A. Read the text What is a computer? A computer is an electronic machine which can accept data in a certain form, process the data, and give the results of the processing in a specified format as information. First, data is fed into the computer’s memory. Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form. A computer system consists of two parts: hardware and software. Hardware is any electronic or mechanical part you can see or touch. Software is a set of instructions, called a program, which tells the computer what to do. There are three basic hardware sections: the central processing unit (CPU), main memory and peripherals. Perhaps the most influential components is the central processing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the “brain” of the computer. The main memory (a collection of RAM chips) holds the instructions and data which are being processed by the CPU. Peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/output devices. Storage devices (hard drives, DVD drives or flash drives) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs. Disk drives are used to read and write data on disks. Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory. The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system. For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means of a printer. On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – a modem, a digital camera, a scanner, etc. They allow 8
communication between the computer and the devices. Modem desktop PCs have USB ports and memory card readers on the front panel. A USB A USB port connector Match these words from the text (1-9) which the correct meanings (a-i) 1. Software a. The brain of the computer 2. Peripherals b. Physical parts that make up a computer 3. Main memory system 4. Hard drive (also known as c. Programs which can be used on a particular hard disk) computer system 5. Hardware d. The information which is presented to the 6. Input computer 7. Ports e. Results produced by a computer 8. Output f. Input devices attached to the CPU 9. Central processing unit g. Section that holds program and data while they are executed or processed h. Magnetic device used to store information i. Sockets into which an external device may be connected 3.Different type of computer A. Label the pictures (a-e) with words from the box Laptop Desktop PC PDA Mainframe Tablet PC a……………… b…………… 9
c…………. d………….. e…………. B. Decide whether these sentences are true of false. Correct the false ones. 1) A mainframe computer is less powerful than a PC 2) A mainframe is used by large organizations that need to process enormous amounts of data. 3) The most suitable computers for home are desktop PCs 4) A laptop is not portable 5) Laptops are not as powerful as desktop PCs 6) Using a stylus, you can write directly onto the screen of a tablet PC 7) A Personal Digital Assistant is small enough to fit into a palm of your hand. 8) A PDA does not allow you to surf the Web 4.Language work A. Look at the HELP box and then use suitable classifying expressions to complete these sentences 1. A computer……….….hardware HELP box and software Classifying 2. Peripherals…………….three Classifying means putting things into types: input, output and storage groups or classes. We can classify devices types of computers, parts of a PC, etc. 10
3. A word processing Some typical expressions for program………….. software classifying are which lets the user create and edit  …are classifying into X text types/categories 4. ………………….of network  …are classified by… architecture: peer-to-peer, where  …can be divided into X all computers have the same types/categories capabilities, and client-server (e.g. Digital computers can be divided the Internet), where servers store into five main types: mainframes, and distribute data, and clients desktop PCs, laptops, tablet PCs access this data. and handheld PDAs  …include(s)…  …consist(s) of… The basic configuration of a mainframe consists of a central system which processes immense amounts of data very quickly  There are X types/classes of…  X is a type of… A tablet PC is a type of notebook computer 5.Benefits of laptops and tablet PCs Your school is considering buying tablet PCs to use in the classroom. Write an email to your teacher explaining the benefits for the students and the school. 11
Lesson 2: Everyday uses of the Computer 1.Match the pictures A. Computers have many applications in a great variety of fields. Look at these photographs of different situations and match them with texts 1 to 4 below. A B C D 1) Airline pilots use computers to help them control the plane. For example, monitors display data about fuel consumption, and weather conditions. In airport control towers, computers are used to manage radar systems, and regulate air traffic. 2) Computers can help students perform mathematical operations and solve difficult questions. They can be used to teach courses such as computer- aided design, language learning, programming, mathematics, etc. 3) Computer is used with laser and barcode technology to scan the price of each item and present total at a supermarket. 4) Banks use computers to look after their customers’ money. They also control the automatic cash dispensers which, by the use of a personal coded card, dispense money to clients. A. Match these titles with the pictures 12
Using an automatic cash dispenser In education, computers can make all the difference Scanning the price of each item and present total at a supermarket Controlling the plane B. Match the places in column A with the computer uses in column B A B Banks Provide information and entertainment Factories Look after, patient records and medicines Homes Calculate the bill Hospitals Control machines Shops Control our money Now use the above words and phrases to fill in the gaps in this paragraph about computer uses. Computers are now part of our everyday life. In shops, they …… . In factories, they ……….. In ……, they look after, patient records and medicines. When we have bank account, a computer ……….. . In our homes computers……… C. Look at text one again and discuss these questions  How are/were computers used in your school?  What other areas of study would benefit from the introduction of computers? Example: In my school, computers are used to speed up the process of looking for references in the library. 2.Language work: The passive Passives are very common in technical writing where we are more interested in facts, processes, and events than in people. We form the passive by using the appropriate tenses of the verb ‘to be’ followed by the past participle of the verb we are using. Examples: Active 1) We sell computers. (simple present) 2) Babbage invented ‘The Analytical Engine’. (simple past) Passive 1) Computers are sold. (simple present) 2) ‘The Analytical Engine’ was invented in 1830. (simple past) 13
Facts and processes When we write or talk about facts or processes that occur regularly, we use the present passive. Examples: 2) Data is transferred from the internal memory to the arithmetic- logical unit along channels known as buses. 3) The other users are automatically denied access to that record. 4) Distributed systems are built using networked computers. A. Read the text below, which describes the insurance company’s procedure for dealing with PC-users’ problems. Fill in the gaps using the correct form of the verb in brackets. All calls 1………………. (register) by the Help Desk staff. Each call 2 ………………. (evaluate) and then 3………………. (allocate) to the relevant support group. If a visit 4………………. (require), the user 5………………. (contact) by telephone, and an appointment 6………………. (arrange). Most calls 7 ………………. (deal with) within one working day. In the event of a major problem requiring the removal of a user’s PC, a replacement can usually 8………………. (supply). B. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verb in brackets 1) The part of the processor which controls data transfers between the various input and output devices ………………. (call) the control unit. 2) An operating system ………………. (store) on disk. 3) Instructions written in a high-level language ………………. (transform) into machine code. 4) In the star configuration, all processing and control functions ………………. (perform) by the central computer. 5) When a document arrives in the mail room, the envelope ………………. (open) by a machine. Events When we write or talk about past events, we use the past passive. Let us look at some examples. Examples: 1) COBOL was first introduced in 1959. 2) Microsoft was founded on the basis of the development of MS/DOS. 3) The organization was created to promote the use of computers in education. C. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verb in brackets. 1) Microsoft ………………. (found) by Bill Gates. 2) C language ………………. (develop) in the 1970s. 3) In the 1980s, at least 100,000 LANs ………………. (set up) in laboratories and offices around the world. 4) The first digital computer ………………. (build) by the University of Pennsylvania in 1946. 5) IBM’s decision not to continue manufacturing mainframes ………………. (reverse) the year after it ………………. (take). 14
3.Reading A. Write a list of as many uses of the computer, or computer applications, as you can think of. B. Now read the text below and underline any applications that are not in your list What can computers do? Computers and microchips have become part of our everyday lives: we visit shops and offices which have been designed with the help of computers, we read magazines which have been produced on computer, and we pay bills prepared by computers. What makes your computer such a miraculous device? Each time you turn it on, with appropriate hardware and software, it is capable of doing anything you ask. It is a calculating machine that speeds up financial calculations. It is an electronic filing cabinet which manages large collections of data such as customers’ lists, accounts, or inventories. It is a magical typewriter that allows you to type and print any kind of document – letters, memos, or legal documents. It is a personal communicator that enables you to interact with other computers and with people around the world. If you like gadgets and electronic entertainment, you can even use your PC to relax with computer games. 4.Other application A. In small groups, choose one of the areas in the diagram below and discuss what computers can do in this area. Formula 1 cars Entertainment Factories and Hospitals and industrial medical processes research Useful words Formula 1: racing car, car body, design, mechanical parts, electronic components, engine speed Entertainment: game, music, animated image, multimedia, encyclopedia 15
Factories: machinery, robot, production line, computer-aided manufacturing software Hospitals: patients, medical personnel, database program, records, scanner, diagnose, disease, robot, surgery Useful constructions Computers are used to … A PC can also be used for … Computers can help … make … control … store … keep … provide … manage … give … perform … measure … test … provide access to … B. Now write a short paragraph summarizing your discussion. Then ask one person from your group to give a summary of the group’s ideas to the rest of the class. Examples In business, computers are used for financial planning, accounting, and specific calculations. In the office, computers are used to write letters and keep records of clients, suppliers, and employees 16
Lesson 3. Keyboard and mouse 1.Interacting with your computer Input devices are the pieces of hardware which allow us to enter information into the computer; the most common are the keyboard and the mouse. We can also interact with a computer by using one of these: a lightpen, a scanner, a trackball, a graphics tablet, a keyboard, a joystick or a voice recognition device. Look at the illustrations and see if you can name them. 1……………… 2…………. 3……………… 4…………… 6……………….. 5……………… 17
7………………… 2.Speaking Work in pairs 3.About the keyboard A. Look at the picture of a PC-compatible keyboard below and identify these groups of keys 1) Alphanumeric keys: arranged in the same order as a typewriter. 2) Function keys: used by various programs to instruct the PC to perform specific tasks such as Save, Copy, Cut, Paste, Help, etc. 3) Numeric keypad: set of numeric or editing keys. The Num Lock key is used to switch from numbers to editing functions. 4) Editing keys: cursor and other keys usually used within word processors to page up and down in a long document or to edit text (using Insert or Delete keys) 5) Special keys: used is to issue commands or to produce alternative characters in key combinations, for example, the Alt key A PC-compatible keyboard B. Match these keys abbreviations with their full names 1 Esc a. Alternate 2 Alt b. Page Up 3 Ctrl d. Escape 4 Pgdn f. Control 5 Pgup e. Delete 18
6 Ins g. Page down 7 Del c. Insert C. Computer system may have different keyboard options. Here is an example. If we enter the Key Caps menu on a Macintosh in Courier and then press the Option key, we obtain the following symbols on the screen. Identify these symbols on the keyboard 1. Slash 2. Not equal to 3. Plus and minus 4. Trademark 5. Yen sign 6. Copyright 7. Number 8. Registered trademark 4.Reading A. Try to answer these questions 1) How is the mouse connected to the computer? 2) What does the mouse pointer look like on the screen? 3) What are the functions of the mouse buttons? 4) What are the advantages of a computer mouse over a keyboard? Read the text to check your answer or to find the right answers The mouse! The computer mouse is a hand-operated device that lets you control more easily the location of the pointer on your screen. You can make selections and choices with the mouse button. The mouse contains a rubber-coated ball that rests on the surface of your working area or a mousemat. When the mouse is moved on that surface, the ball rolls. 19
The ball’s movements up and down, and left and right, turn the two axles inside the mouse. As they turn, detectors register the changing position. A small integrated circuit inside the mouse sends signals to the operating system, which instructs it to move the pointer on your screen. B. Here are some basic mouse actions. Match the terms in the box with the explanations below a. Click b. Double-click c. Drag 1) Position the pointer on something, then rapidly press and release the mouse button twice. (You do this to load a program, open a document, or select text or graphics) 2) Position the pointer on something, hold down the mouse button, and move the mouse to the desired position, then release the button. (You do this to move an image to a new location on the screen) 3) Position the pointer on something, then press, and release the mouse button. (You do this to place the insertion point, to choose an option, or to close a window) 5.Language work: Describing function We can describe the function 3. ROM is used for holding of an item in a number of ways. instructions which are needed Study these examples. to start up the computer. Using the Present simple 1. ROM holds instructions which Emphasizing the function are needed to start up the 4. The function of ROM is to computer. hold instructions which are Used to-infinitive, Used for + needed to start up the ‘-ing’ form computer. 2. ROM is used to hold instructions which are needed to start up the computer. Now, match each item in Column A with its function in Column B. Then describe its function in two ways. A Item B Function 1 RAM a controls the cursor. 2 processor b inputs data through keys like a typewriter. 3 mouse c displays the output from a computer on a screen. 4 clock d reads DVD-ROMs. 5 3.5’’ floppy e reads and writes to removable magnetic disks. drive f holds instructions which are needed to start up the 6 monitor computer. 7 keyboard g holds data read or written to it by the processor. 8 DVD-ROM h provides extremely fast access to sections of a drive program and its data. 9 cache i controls the timing of signals in the computer. 10 ROM j controls all the operations in a computer. 20