Hệ thống tự động hóa tích hợp trên tàu thủy

VINASHIN<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> HE THONG TUDONG HOA<br /> TJCH HOP T R I N TAU THUY<br /> ThS. Mai Van Tud, ThS. Trdn Van Tuan, KS Nguyin Dmh Lugng<br /> Vidn NC Didn tfl, Tm hgc & Tu ddng hoa.<br /> <br /> <br /> TOM T A T ; H i T H 6 N G TU D 6 N G HOA TICH HOP IAS T R £ N TAU THUY CO VAI TRO<br /> QUAN TRONG TRONG Vl£C DAM BAO HOAT D d N G AN TOAN, Hl£U QUA CUA<br /> NHUNG CON TAU H I E N DAI. TRONG IAS NGOAI NHUNG H | T H 6 N G H I | N TRl/ONG<br /> PHU TRACH NHUNG N H l l M VU DO LUONG/Dliu KHI^N CAC DOI TUONG R | £ N G RE<br /> NHU MAY CHINH, H £ MAY P H A T D I £ N , H E THONG CAC THUNG CHUA (NUOC, N H I £ N<br /> LI|U, H A N G H O A ) , D i i u HOA K H 6 N G KHi, G I A M SAT VIDEO V.V., XUONG SONG K£T<br /> Ndi TAT CA CAC H | T H 6 N G NAY THANH M 6 T T H I T H 6 N G NHAT LA CAP GIAM SAT<br /> VOI MANG LAN VA CO SO DU Ll|U CO DU PHONG CHO PHEP G I A M SAT TINH TRANG<br /> cA CON T A U MdT cAcH T O A N D i | N , CHO PHEP V A N H A N H V A D I I U K H I I N T A U<br /> CHJNH XAC NGAY CA TRONG NHUNG D l i U K l l N KHAC NGHl|T N H A T . CAC V A N Oi<br /> KY T H U A T - C 6 N G N G H | D A C THU CUA H | IAS SE DUOC T R I N H B A Y TRONG B A O<br /> cAo NAY.<br /> Abstract; Intergrated Automation System (IAS) plays a very important role in<br /> keeping the ship running safely and effectively, especially for modern ships. In IAS<br /> beside fied monitoring/control subsystems such as Main Engine Control system;<br /> Electric Power Management system. Tank level (water, fuel, cargo) Monitoring and<br /> Control system; Air Conditioning system. Video Surveilance system etc., the backbone<br /> that connects all those subsystems to form an intergrated system is LAN and<br /> Database with redundancy. With these features, IAS allows the ship to be in control<br /> even in hard situation. The main technical issues specific for IAS will be discused in<br /> this article.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> T<br /> U khoang ban 10 nam nay, nganh cdng lugng ciing nhu vl chdt, trdn co sd khao sat cdc hd<br /> nghidp tau thuy Viet Nam da dat dugc thd'ng tuong tu cua cdc hang ldn nhu Lyngso<br /> budc phdt triin manh me, dn tugng. Tang Marine , Kongsberg Noreontrol AS, Alstom, MTU,<br /> trudng binh quan cua ridng VINASHIN giai doan Uzushio/BEMAC, Taiyo... cung nhu phdn tfch nhu<br /> 1996-2006 la khoang 45%/nam; nam 2007 so vd cdu vd khd nang flng dung cac san pham trong nudc<br /> nam 2001 thi doanh thu cua VINASHIN tang 5,64 trdn tau thuy, dl tai NC cdp nha nudc KC.03.03/06-<br /> ldn, san lugng tang 5,92 ldn. Tdng cdc gid tri hgp 10 da chgn muc tidu la xay dung md hinh Hd thd'ng<br /> ddng ddng md tau xudt khdu cho nudc ngoai da tu ddng boa tfch hgp (Integrated Automation<br /> vugt 10 li USD, du cdng vide cho dd'n nam 2010- System) vd cdp gidm sat cdp trdn va cdc phdn he<br /> 2015. dilu khiln sau:<br /> Trong cac he thd'ng thid't bi trdn tau thuy, cac he - He thdng do bao, dilu khiln mdy ehfnh MEC<br /> thd'ng dien va dilu khiln/giam sat cd vai trd rat quan (Main Engine Control System).<br /> trgng va cd gia tri gia tang ldn. Nhdm phat huy ndi - He Ihdng quan ly ngudn nang lugng EPM<br /> luc thuc hidn muc tidu tang ddn ty Id ndi dia boa vl (Electric Power Management System).<br /> <br /> 22<br />  itidburang<br /> dtdtagr ntily<br /> BJOS ME OS<br /> OPC OPC<br /> Oinsintll OPC OPC<br /> - He thd'ng giam sat va didu khien mfle cac CSeaa CfiMIZ<br /> Seraer<br /> thung chfla trdn lau TMC (Tank level<br /> U | n g LAIN i3d tkijr gMa&ns i<br /> Monitoring System)<br /> Cac phan he tren diu cd mat iren cac loai<br /> lau ndn san phdm cua de lai phai mang linh<br /> ddc lap cao cd Ihl flng dung ridng re. Ca he<br /> IAS se dugc irng dung cho nhirng tau ldn hien CH>CSeraer| OPCSaraer<br /> dai. Trong khudn khd bai bao nay, tinh nang<br /> cdu tnic cua cap giam sat va cac giai phap dd<br /> giai quyd't cac van dl ky thuat - cdng nghd<br /> cua cdp Giam sat se dugc trinh bay. inndl'dlwnfiTt M E C di^kN&tTMC<br /> 1. TiNH NANG KY THUAT OAC THU CUA<br /> CAP GIAM SAT<br /> - Cung cdp cac thdng tin tflc thd eho SO DO KHOI HE THONG IAS<br /> ngud giam sat tai cae tram thao tac vl: Gia hi<br /> cac dai lugng dang analog, Trang thai cac dd'i tram (thao tac, dilu khiln) da ndu trdn.<br /> tugng gidm sat/dilu khiln; tinh trang ehung cua Cap dilu khiln gdm:<br /> tflng hd thdng; tinh trang cua he Giam sdt. Cdc tram - HTl: He dilu khiln may chfnh MEC<br /> thao tac la du phdng cua nhau. - HT2: He quan ly ngudn didn EPM<br /> - Luu trfl cac thdng tin vao CSDL cd du phdng . - HT3: Hd do mfle ket va dilu khiln TMC<br /> Luu trfl thdng tin vl cdu hinh cua toan IAS (gdm hd 2.2. Chdc ndng cua cdc thdnh phdn thudc cdp<br /> Gidm sat va cac hd thdng dilu khiln MEC; EPM va Gidm sdt<br /> TMC). Chicc ndng, nhiem VM cua cdc OPC Clientl<br /> - Dam bao chd' do du phdng "dm" cho mang (Database Server)<br /> LAN kit nd'i cdp giam sat v d cdp dilu khiln . - Chay trdn nin hd dilu hanh Server<br /> - Cho phep dilu khiln tfl cdp giam sat cac lenh - Ydu cdu cac OPC Server cung cdp dfl hdu vl gia<br /> nhu Start, Stop mdt sd cum thid't bi trong he dilu tri cac dai lugng do, trang thai cac thilt bi, tinh trang<br /> khiln nao dd. he thd'ng... cua cap dilu khiln<br /> 2. cAu TRUC Hi TH6NG IAS - Kit nd'i v d CSDL (Database Server) dl luu dfl<br /> 2. l.Sadd khdi he thdnsIAS hdu do cdc OPC Server giri ldn<br /> He thd'ng IAS ma dl tai thid't k l chi tao gdm - Cung cap dfl Udu luu trfl tfl CSDL cho OPC<br /> nhiing thanh phdn sau: CUent2 dl chay cdc iing dung trdn tram thao tac.<br /> Cdp giam sat gdm: Chdc ndng, nhiem vii cila cdc OPC Client2 (trgm<br /> - Hai may ehii chfla Co sd dfl Udu, trong dd mdt thao tdc)<br /> may chfnh va mdt mdy phu dugc dat tai hai vi tri - Kit nd'i v d cac OPC Server dl nhan dfl Udu<br /> khac nhau trdn tau, ddng vai trd la OPC Chent online vl he thd'ng hidn trudng tuong flng (HTl,<br /> (Chentl) trong mang thdng tin. HT2, HT3) phuc vu cho gidm sat<br /> - Hai tram thao tae (Operation System) dat tai - Kit nd'i v d Database Server dl lay dfl Udu<br /> budng chi huy (B_OS) va budng dilu khiln may offline (dl xem, phan tfch thd'ng kd vl dfl Udu nao<br /> chfnh (ME_OS), ddng vai trd la OPC Chent dd eua hidn trudng)<br /> (Chent2) trong mang thdng tin. - Hiln thi man hinh cho phIp gidm sat va dilu<br /> - Ba tram dilu khiln thudc ba he thdng MEC, khiln cac HTl, HT2, H D ; cac lenh dilu khiln tfl<br /> EPM va TMC; ddng vai trd la cac OPC Server trong cac tram thao tac dugc giri xud'ng cdc OPC Server<br /> mang thdng tin. tuong flng.<br /> - Mang LAN cd du phdng v d hai dudng true cap - Thd'ng kd, bdo cdo ede dfl Udu cdn giam sdt trdn<br /> chay ddc lap va xa nhau (vf du chay hai bdn man CO sd Idy dfl Udu tfl Database Server<br /> tau); eung kit nd'i vao tdt ca cdc may chu va may<br /> <br /> 23<br />  TI<br /> VINASHIN erw<br /> (Witness)<br /> <br /> <br /> Chdc ndng, nhiem vti cua cdc OPC Server (thudc<br /> cdp diiu khien)<br /> - Cung cdp dfl Udu cho OPC Chent 1 de luu trfl Server A Server B<br /> (Min-or,<br /> trdn Database Server (Principal,<br /> Synchronized)<br /> Synchronized)<br /> - Cung cdp du lieu online cho OPC CUent2 dl<br /> theo ddi va giam sal [<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> - Nhdn dfl Udu (lenh) tfl OPC CUent2 dl dilu Ca che'Mirroring trong che do High Avaibility<br /> khiln<br /> - Dfl Ulu do cac OPC Server chuyin lln cdp Mirror.Principal Server va Miror Server phdi dugc<br /> Gidm sat dua trdn nhu cdu luu trfl, gidm sat cua cdc phan bidt ddc lap trong he thd'ng.<br /> he thd'ng HTl, HT2,HT3 Ngoai hai Server ndi trdn, trong hd thd'ng<br /> 3. CAC VAN oi KY THUAT - CONG NGHi CAN Miroring cd thi cd mdt tuy chgn mdy chu thfl ba,<br /> GIAI QUYiT TAI cAP GIAM SAT ggi la Witness (ngud lam chflng). Cdc Witness cd<br /> • xay dung giai phdp du phdng Database vai trd tu ddng kfeh boat failover (Khdi phuc ldi).<br /> • Xay dung mang LAN cd du phdng Khi CO sd dfl Udu mirroring sfl dung che do High<br /> 3.1. Xdy dung gidi phdp du phdng Database cua availabiUty, ndu Principal dot ngdt mdt ddng thd<br /> he thdng IAS may chu Mirror nhdn dugc thdng bdo tfl Witness, nd<br /> Lua chon gidi phdp cd Ihl ttr ddng Idy vl vai trd eua Principal va khdi<br /> Sau khi phan tfch uu nhuge diem cua titng giai phue lai ldi trong vdng vai gidy (Td'i da 6 giay vd<br /> phap va tinh td dilu kidn cho phIp cua dl tai, chiing dilu kidn truyin thdng td't). Sau khi eai dat thanh<br /> tdi quyd't dinh sfl dung gidi phap Database Mirroring cdng Mirror vd chi do lam vide High AvaibUity thi<br /> cua MS SQL 2005. Khi dua IAS vao flng dung se so dd cua he thdng duge hiln thi nhu hinh ve co chi<br /> can cfl dilu kidn thuc tl dl lua chgn gidi phap khac Mirroring trong chi dd High AvaibiUty d trdn<br /> phu hgp ban (Sfl dung phdn cflng chuydn bidt) Cac CO che lam cua he thd'ng Mirroring trong chi<br /> Giai phdp Database Mirroring trong co sd dfl Udu do High Avaibility ddp flng dugc vide du phdng<br /> MS SQL Server 2005 ndng CO sd dfl Udu cua he thd'ng.<br /> Gidi thieu 3.2. Xiy dung mgng LAN cd du phdng tren tdu thuy<br /> Database Mirroring la mdt cdng nghd md do Sucdn thidt vixdy dimg mang LAN cd du phdng<br /> Microsoft phat triin cho MS SQL Server 2005 vd tren tdu thuy<br /> mue dfeh tang tfnh sdn sang cho co sd dfl Udu. Vide xay dung mang LAN trdn tau thuy cdn cd<br /> Database Mirroring cd thi tu ddng chuyen philn tfnh du phdng cao nhdt dl dam bao hoat ddng binh<br /> giao dich tfl mdt may chu gd'c sang mdt mdy chu thudng cua IAS, giam thilu anh hudng eua cdc su cd<br /> khac va nhanh chdng khdi phuc ldi cho he thd'ng. khach quan va chu quan tac ddng dd'n tau.<br /> Ngud sfl dung cd thi lap trinh cdc flng dung phfa Cdc phuang dn du phdng he thdng mang LAN<br /> may khach dl tu ddng chuyin hudng kit nd'i thdng - Du phdng dung phdn cflng: router<br /> tin cua chung, va trong trudng hgp xay ra ldi, he -I- Uu dilm: dl thi cdng, tfnh du phdng dn dinh<br /> thd'ng cd Ihl tu ddng kit ndi vd cac mdy chu va co + Nhuge dilm: gia thanh qua cao<br /> sd dfl Udu du phdng. Database Mirror cd khd nang - Du phdng dflng phdn mim<br /> khdi phuc ldi nhanh va giam thieu mdt dfl hdu trong + Dung Bridge Connection<br /> he thd'ng. Bdn canh dd he thd'ng nay khdng ydu cdu a) Uu dilm: Tinh du phdng dn dinh, dd thi cdng,<br /> phdn cflng ridng bidt ddng thd rdt dd dang trong gid thanh re<br /> vide thid't lap va quan ly dfl Udu. b) Nhuge dilm: Thd gian kdt ndi lai sau su cd dai<br /> Tdng quan vi Mirroring + Dung phdn mim INTEL NETWORK CON-<br /> Trong he thd'ng Database Mirroring, Server gd'c NECnON cua Uitel<br /> Udn mc giri cac Transaction Log (Phidn lam vide) a) Uu dilm: Tfnh du phdng dn dinh, thd gian sfla<br /> cho Server du phdng. Server gd'c cd vai trd Principal, ldi ngdn, gia thanh re<br /> va Server nhan Transaction Log ddng vai trd cua b) Nhuge dilm: Ydu edu khdt khe vl phdn eiing<br /> <br /> 24<br />  TI<br /> VINASHIN<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> —1——1— L J L-J -L-J - Hai true cap mang<br /> chay theo hai man lau: du<br /> phdng su cd cap mang<br /> - Mdi may cd 2 Card<br /> OP DB ws OP WS DB OP mang: du phdng su cd Card<br /> SV 1 C2 2 SV<br /> mang.<br /> 1 2<br /> - 2 Card trdn 1 may<br /> dung chung 1 dia chi IP<br /> _cH- rH — [ = = l — -F-H (trg giup cua Network<br /> Bridge) dinh hudng trao<br /> I I Switch 4 port OPCl:OPCScrverl ddi thdng lin qua dia chi IP<br /> OPC2; OPC Server2 Sau khi thfl nghidm, giai<br /> Cap RJ45<br /> 0PC3: OPC Servers<br /> DBSVl: OPC Clientl (Database Server) phap du phdng dung<br /> Network Bridge cho kit<br /> DBSV2: OPC Client 2 Database Server dii phong)<br /> WS 1: Tram thao tac buong chi huy B_OS qua sau:<br /> WS2: Tram thao tac bu6ng may ME_OS - He thd'ng mang phu<br /> hdng thi mang boat ddng<br /> Sa dd thiet kemgng tren tdu thuy binh thudng. Phdn mim<br /> nay da dam nhidm duge<br /> chfle nang du phdng dm<br /> va qua tnnh cai dat phflc tap<br /> cua mang.<br /> Lua chon phuang dn du phdns he thdns mans<br /> - Thd gian phuc hdi khi he thdng mang ehfnh bi<br /> LAN<br /> Sau khi nghidn cflu cac phuong an va tiln hanh hdng la 6 den 7 giay<br /> thfl nghidm, chung tdi chgn phuang an du phdng<br /> Tai lieu tham khao:<br /> dung Bridge Cormection<br /> 1) Tdi lieu ve cdc phuang dn sao luu du phdng<br /> Cac budc lap cdu hinh du phdng dung 2 card<br /> CSDL<br /> mang va Bridge Connection:<br /> • Dung Replication Monitor cua he qudn tri<br /> 1. Chgn he dilu hanh: CUent dung Wmdown XP<br /> CSDL SQL Server 2000<br /> SP2, Server dung Win 2003 server<br /> • Dung Phdn Citng ho trg de xdy dvmg kho dii<br /> 2. Cdn cai dat he dilu hanh khdng cd ldi va tiln<br /> lieu dung chung (SANBOX + RAID)<br /> hanh cdu hinh giao thflc mang trudc khi cai cdc flng<br /> • Dung phdn mem CSBS-AA kit harp vdi he<br /> dung khdc<br /> thdng Dedicated Link (File Tailieu3.doc)<br /> 3. Cai driver cho cae card mang, Ihid't lap Bridge<br /> • Dung phdn mem Double-Take<br /> Cormection<br /> 2) Tdi lieu ve cdc phuang dn dt/phdng mgng<br /> 4. Dat dia chi IP cho Network Bridge.<br /> LAN:<br /> 5. Connect 2 line vao 2 card va test.<br /> • Du phdng dung phdn citng: router<br /> Sa dd thiet kemang tren tdu thiiv<br /> • Dlt phdng dung phdn mem<br /> 1- Yeu cdu:<br /> + Dung Brideg Connection<br /> - Kit nd'i 2 flam thao tac, 2 Database Server va 3<br /> + Dung phdn mem INTEL NETWORK CON-<br /> flam dilu khiln (OPC server) theo 2 dudng mang<br /> NECTION cua Intel<br /> - Mang cd tfnh du phdng eao nhdt<br /> 3) Thuyet minh de tdi vd dgc td tdu lOO.OOOT.<br /> 2- Thiet ke: 2 tiiie cap mang chay theo 2 man<br /> 4) Practical Modem Scada Protocols.<br /> tau nhu sau va ndi vao 2 Card mang ridng re trdn<br /> 5) Mgng truyen thdng cdng nghiep - NXB<br /> mdi may nhu cdc so dd nhu hinh ve trdn: Khoa hgc vd ky thudt. •<br /> a) Hinh chid'u bdng he thd'ng mang<br /> V d mang nhu trdn ta cd dugc tfnh du phdng nhu<br /> sau:<br /> 25<br />