Nghiên cứu công nghệ sản xuất ván dăm từ trấu và vụn chỉ xơ dừa

KHOA HOC CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> <br /> IXlGHIEiXI CIJU CdlMG IMGHE sAlM XUAT vAlM DAIVI TU<br /> TRAU VA VUIM CHI X a DUA<br /> Lam Tran V u \ Tran Thanh Cao^<br /> <br /> TOM T A T<br /> Trau va mun vun chi xo dua (MVCXD) la hai loai phe thai nong nghiep 1cm nhait b dong bing song Cim<br /> Long. Nghien ciru sir dung bieu qua hai nguon phd thai tren da duoc nhidu ngudi thuc hien, trong do co<br /> cac nha khoa hoc nhu: lam be tong nhe, lam van xi mang, citi trau, chat dot cho nhiet dien trau... song<br /> van chua mang lai ket qua kha quan. Tan dung hai phe pham tren de san xuat van dam la mot huong mcri<br /> cua dd tai nay. Vi la hai vat lieu mcri nen de san xuat van dam, de tai da tidn hanh dieu tra nguon nguyen<br /> lieu, nghien ciru xir ly nguyen lieu, chon keo, cong nghe san xuat van, tinh kinh td va trang sue be mat van<br /> dam trau-vun chi xo dua. De tai da thir nghiem xii' li trau bing ngam xut, axit, H.Oo; it ure, men vi sinh.<br /> Ket qua cho thay: xir li ti'au bing ngam xut co tac dung nhat, song vuong mic nhat la viec xir ly moi<br /> tixrong nucjc ngam xut; khong san xuat dugc van dat tieu chuan 04TCN-1999 bing 100% trau khong xir ly.<br /> Tuy nhien, neu trau dugc xir ly xiit (NaOH) thi van co the dat chuan, song lu'cjng keo ton gap ruoi so vcM<br /> van dam go, gia thanh vi vay cung cao bon van dam go ciing co khoang 20.000 dong/tim. Neu phoi tron<br /> trau khong xir ly xiit vcri vun chi xo dira theo ty le 6/4 voi ty le keo lop mat 15% va Icip loi la 12%, dugc ep d<br /> :. ! ap suat 20 kG/cm', nhiet dii 150"C trong thdi gian 17 phut (day 18 mm) tbi van dat dugc tieu chuan tren<br /> dung cho dd mcpc.<br /> Tir khoa: Okal trau, van dam, vun chi xa dua. • r- i , , .• .<br /> <br /> LDATVANDE 35% khdi lugng qui. Trong dd chi xa dua chidm<br /> Vd triu chidm 20-26% khdi lugng hat thdc. khoing 30%, gdm chi xa to dii (bristie fiber) khoing<br /> Rieng b ddng bing sdng Cim Long nudc ta nam 2009 12% vi chi xa ngin nhdi nem (maO;ress fiber)<br /> vdi sin lugng Ida 19 trieu t i n / n a m thi lugng triu li 4 khoing 18%, phin cdn lai li mun dira (coir dust) va<br /> trieu tin/nam. O mien Nam, do phin 1cm Ida la h i n g chi ngin (short fiber) chiem khoang 70% khdi lugng<br /> hoi (ngucM trdng lua thudng ban thdc minh lam ra v i vd. Hien trong tinh Ben Tre hang tram ea sd che<br /> mua gao ve an), viec xay xat lai thudng tap trung qui bien chi xa dira thai ra mdi trudng gin tram ngin tan<br /> md vua va ldn nen lucmg triu tap trung vcii khdi myn vun chi xa dira mdi nam, gay d nhidm khdng<br /> lugng ldn lai it duge dung bdn rudng, chi mdt phin khi vi ngudn nudc cic sdng rach, inh hucmg den ddi<br /> nhd dung lam chit ddt siy Ida he thu va nung gach, sdng cita ngudi dan.<br /> vi vay trau trd thinh vin nan ddi vcii cic chu Id xay<br /> Trude day vin dam thudng dugc lim tir gd va<br /> xat vi khdng cd chd chua; mgt trong cie cich "xir li"<br /> phe lieu gd, g i n day nd cdn duge lam tir ba mia, ram<br /> phd bien hien nay la dd triu xudng kenh rach. Triu<br /> ra... Qua nghien cim sa bg thiy trau v i vun chi xa<br /> trdi ndi lenh benh tren sdng, kenh rach lim d nhidm<br /> dira (VCXD) cd the phdi trdn vdi nhau lim nguyen<br /> mdi tmdng, tic ddng xau ddi vdi he sinh thai v i dac<br /> lieu sin xuat vin dam. Viec sin xuit van dam tu triu<br /> biet gay nguy hai ddi vdi ddi sdng ngudi dan. Sd lieu<br /> va vyn chi xa dira se gdp phin tao cdng an viec lim<br /> dieu tra cua ca quan mdi trudng duge cdng bd gin<br /> cho ngucM dan dia phuong, giam d nhidm mdi tmdng<br /> day cho thiy, chi 25-30% lugng trau niy dugc sir<br /> vi ban chd lang phi ngudn nguyen lieu. Do dd cin<br /> dung, cdn lai khdng biet dung vio myc dich gi.<br /> nghien eim thdng sd cdng nghe sin xuat van dam tir<br /> O Nam bd dira duge trdng d hau het cac tinh trau va vyn chi xa dira de tien tcM hoan thien cdng<br /> ven bien, tip trung nhidu nhit b hai tinh Ben Tre v i nghe sin xuat.<br /> T r i Vinh vdi dien tich 48.000 ha (Ben Tre 35.266 ha, II. NOI DUNG VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU<br /> Tra Vinh 12.880 ha, Nien giam Thdng ke, 2005), nam 1. Npi dung nghien ciiu<br /> 2005 Ben Tre hien cd sin lugng dira khd 240 trieu - Nghien cuu chpn keo, ty le keo v i chat phu<br /> qua. Khi q u i dua chin lugng vd chiem tir 33% den gia; nghien ciiu ty le phdi trdn triu vcM VCXD;<br /> nghien cuu che dp ep: nhiet dp, ap suit, thdi gian ep.<br /> Phan vien Co Dien NN va CNSTH phia Nam 2. Vat lieu va phuong phip nghiSn ciru<br /> Phan vien Khoa hpc Lam nghiep Nam bg<br /> <br /> 32 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2011<br />  KHOA HOC CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> <br /> a. Vat lieu nghien cuu tdng quat nhu sau:<br /> -I- Vd triu thu tu nha may xay xat tai Long An,<br /> Ben Tre. Triu dugc nghidn tren may nghidn bua cd Y:=b„ + f^b,x,+ f^b,^x,x,+f^b„x;<br /> duong kinh Id thoat cua lucM li 6 mm thu dugc dam<br /> cd kich thude nhd hon 5 mm. Trong dd:<br /> -I- Vyn chi xa dira thu tir nha may sin xuit chi Y- Yeu td diu ra nhu iing suit udn tinh; do dan<br /> xo dira d Ben Tre. Vyn chi xo dira la phd thii cita qui nd ngam nudc; X,- Yeu td diu vio li cac thdng sd<br /> trinh sin xuit dit sach mun dua sau khi sang liy inh hudng (i=l, 2...); \ b„, b,j la cic he sd hdi quy<br /> mun dira lam dit sach. cin xac dinh.<br /> -I- Keo Urea-formaldehyde (UF), Cdng ty Dynea<br /> Sd thi nghiem: N = Nj -i- Na -i- NQ (n la sd yeu td<br /> sin xuit, 50% chit khd, pH 8. phy thude).<br /> b. Phuong phap nghien ciru<br /> - Phuong phap nghien cuu xac dinh tyle keo va<br /> Chgn phuong phip quy hoach thyc nghiem<br /> chat ddng rin<br /> (QHTN) nhim kiem tra, dinh gii cac thdng sd cdng<br /> nghe sin xuit van dam tir triu vi vun chi xa dira. Dam triu sau xii ly kieh thude bing nghien<br /> Dya vao ket qua nghien cuu xay dung md hinh toan sang phan loai dugc dem phdi trdn vdi vun xa dira<br /> hpc va ung dung ly thuyet tdi uu dd giii cic bai toan theo ti le 1:1. Ty le ket ciu van la 1:4:1; keo sit dung<br /> tdi uu. Tmdc khi thye hien QHTN tien hanh thyc la Urea-formaldehyde. Nhiet do ep 180"C; thdi gian<br /> nghiem don yeu td de xic dinh lai tam vi khoing dp 15 phut; ap suit dp 18 kG/cm-; khdi lugng the<br /> anh hucing cua cac thdng sd. Dung phuong phap tich 750 kg/m^; chidu day van la 18 mm. Trong dd,<br /> quy hoach thyc nghiem bac 2 de phuc vu cho qua dam triu da dugc xii ly kich thude bing nghien va<br /> trinh nghien cim; phuong trinh tuong quan dang phan loai, cic Id thi nghiem ddu dugc lap lai 3 lin.<br /> <br /> Bang 1: Mirc va khoang bien thien cac yeu td nghien ciiu ty le keo va chat ddng ran<br /> Gia tri thuc cua cac thong sd<br /> Muc va<br /> Gia tri ma X, (%) X, (%) X3(%)<br /> khoang bien thien<br /> Ty le keo Icip mat Ty le keo Icip loi NH.Cl<br /> Muc sao tren -i-a 17,36 15,36 0,568<br /> Muc tren +1 16 14 0,5<br /> Mirc ca sd 0 14 12 0,4<br /> Muc ducM -1 12 10 0,3<br /> Mirc sao ducM -a 10,64 8,64 0,232<br /> Khoang bien thien £ 2 2 0,1<br /> - Phuong phap nghien cdu tyle phdi trdn kg/m^; ket ciu vin 3 Icip ty le mat ldi 1:4:1; kich<br /> thude danh nghla cua van mlu thi nghiem li 250 x<br /> Khi nghien cim cd dinh cic thdng sd: Keo UF<br /> 300 X 18 mm.<br /> vdi ty le keo mat, keo ldi va chit ddng rin NH4CI,<br /> theo ket qua nghien ciiu de xac dinh ty le keo vi Cic thdng sd diu vio vi khoang bidn thien<br /> chit ddng rin; khdi lugng the tich vin (KLTT) 800 dugc the hien d cac bang 2, 3.<br /> Bang 2: Miic vi khoang bien thien cac yeu td van dam 3 ldp trau - VCXD<br /> Gia tri thuc cita cac t ldng sd<br /> Muc va<br /> Gia tri ma Xl (T) thcin gian X, (N) nhiet do X3 (k) ty le dam VCXD<br /> khoang bien thien<br /> ep (phut) ep (°C) (%)<br /> Mirc sao tren -i-a 15,36 213,6 60,23<br /> Muc tren -Hi 14 200 50<br /> Mirc ca sd 0 12 180 35<br /> Mirc dircVi -1 10 160 20<br /> IV: c sao ducTi -a 8,64 146,4 9,77<br /> 1 lang bien thien 8 9<br /> 20 15<br /> <br /> <br /> NC NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2011 33<br />  KHOA HOC CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> <br /> - Phuong phap nghien cuv che dp ep Khdi lugng the tich van (KLTT) 800 kg/in^; kdt<br /> Khi nghien cuu cd dinh cac thdng sd: Keo IIF ciu van 3 ldp ty le mat loi 1:4:1; ts' le phdi trdn<br /> voi ty \i- keo mat, keo loi va chit ddng rin NH4CI, triu/VCXD = 60/40 (tire 60% triu) cho c i ldp mat vi<br /> theo ket qua nghien cuu de xac dinh ty le keo va ldp loi; kich thude danh nghia cua vin mau tiii<br /> chat ddng ran. nghiem la 250 x 300 x 18 mm.<br /> <br /> Bing 3: Miic v i khoang bien thien c i c yeu td cua van dam<br /> Gia tri mri Gia tri thyc cua cac thong sd<br /> Muc va khoang bien<br /> (a= 1,681) X, (T) tbo-i gian X;, (P) ap suit ep X., (N) nhiet dp i-p<br /> thien<br /> ep (phut) (kG/cnr") (T)<br /> Mirc sao tren +a 19,4 23,4 166,8<br /> Mirc tren -Hi 18 22 160<br /> Mirc CO sd 0 16 20 150<br /> Mirc dii'di -1 14 18 140<br /> Mirc sao dud-i -a 12.6 16,38 133,2<br /> Klioang bit'n ihien E 2 2 10<br /> III. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN sau:<br /> 1. Ket qua xac dinh ty le keo va chat ddng ran Y„„ = 8,99 - 0.083X1 + 0,093X2 - 0,405X3 +<br /> cho Icjp mat va Icip loi 0,155X2X3 + 0,391X12 + 0,189X22 -H 0,139X32 (1)<br /> Ket qua Ihi nghiem tint dugc va sau khi loai bo Y,„ =121,577 + 10,959X1 + 5,167X2 + 3,65X3<br /> cic lic> sd hdi quy khdng dim bao dp tin cay ra khdi 2 , 9 9 8 X 1 X 3 -H 3.688X2X3 -5,692X12 - 3,104X22<br /> md hinh da cho ])liu'cmg trinh hdi quy cd dang nhu 3,435X32 (2)<br /> Bing 4: Ket qua linh toan tdi uu h i m mdt muc lieu cita van dam triu-vun xa dira<br /> Cic thdng sd tdi uu<br /> s^rr Chi sd tdi uu<br /> X, k,„ (%) X., k, (%) X, k„, (%)<br /> 1 Min (Y„„) = 8,52 0,106 14,2 -0,937 10,12 1,68 0,568<br /> 2 Max (Y,„) = 130,92 0,703 15,06 1,419 14,84 0,897 0,489<br /> A'„ •' Ty li keo ldp mat: Ki: Ty le keo ldp loi; ty le NH.Cl<br /> Ke-t qui tinh toan tdi uu ham da muc tieu dfi xac 2. Ket qua xac djnh ty le phdi trdn nguyen lieu<br /> dinh du'crc gii tri tdi uu d muc trong sd a = 0,6. Lfng Kdt q u i thi nghiem thu duoc vi sau khi loai bd<br /> vc)i a = 0,6 cac chi tieu tdi uu va thdng sd tdi uu dat cac he sd hdi quy khdng dam bio do tin cay ra khdi<br /> dii'crc la: md hmh da cho phuong trinh hdi quy cd dang nhu<br /> Xl = 0,52 - Ty le keo lop mat K,„ = 15,04% sau:<br /> X, = 0,05 - Ty le keo lop loi K, = 12,1%<br /> Yi„ = 8,336 - 0,767X, - 0,792X2 + 0,315X:i -. .<br /> X;. = 0,05 - Ty le chit dong rin K,,, = 0,405%<br /> 0,384X,X:, + 0,584X,- + 0,356X.- + 0,814X3- (3)<br /> Dd dan no cua vin nghien cuu Y,|„ = 7,6%<br /> Y„, = 141,222 + 12,712X, + 5,413X. + 8,383X3 -<br /> Ung suit udn tinh cua vim nghien cuu Y,„ = 5,488X,X, - 5,388X,X;j- 8,480Xf - 4,414X0-- 3,813X:,- (4)<br /> 142,5 KG/cm-<br /> <br /> Bang 5: Ket qua tinh toan tdi uu cua h i m mdt muc tieu<br /> Cic thdng sd tdi uu<br /> STT Chi sd tdi uu<br /> X, T X., N X3 K<br /> 1 Mm (Yi.x) = 7,64 0,64 13,29 1,11 202 -0,04 34,37<br /> 2 Max (Ytsrr) = 148,9 '. 0,35 12,70 0,39 187 0,85 47,76<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 34 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2011<br />  KHOA HOC CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Trgng sd a X, X, X T (phut) N ( C) K (%) Y,„ Y,..<br /> 0 0,35 0,39 0,85 12,70 187,89 47,76 8,62 148,09<br /> 0,1 0,51 0,42 0,48 13,01 188,38 42,27 8,08 147,66<br /> 0,2 0,55 0,51 0,32 13,11 190,11 39,74 7,89 147,06<br /> 0,3 0,57 0,60 0,21 13,15 191,99 38,20 7,80 146,45<br /> 0,4 0,59 0,69 0,14 13,17 193,79 37,13 7,74 145,84<br /> 0.5 0,59 0,77 0,09 13,19 195,47 36,31 7,70 145,24<br /> 0,6 0,60 0,85 0.05 13,20 197,02 35,74 7,txS 144,64<br /> 0,7 0,61 0,92 0,02 13,22 198,46 35,27 7,66 144,06<br /> 0.8 0,62 0.99 -0,01 13,24 199,80 34,90 7,65 143,47<br /> 0,9 0,63 1,05 -0,03 13,26 201,06 34,60 7.64 142,90<br /> 1 0,64 1,11 -0.04 13,29 202,24 34,37 7.61 142,32<br /> Qua bing 6 ta chpn dupe gia tri tdi im cho 3. Ket q u i xac dinh che dp dp<br /> nghic^n cuu cdng nghe sin xuat van dam 3 lop phdi Ket qua thi nghiem sau khi xu It sd lieu, loai bd<br /> Iron theo cac ti le khac nhau ttr dam trim va dam vun cac he sd hdi quy khdng dam bao clg tin cay ra khdi<br /> xcr dua vdi mite trpng sd (2 = 0,2, Ung vdi a = 0,2 md hmh da cho phuong trinh hdi qu\' cd dang nhu<br /> cac chi tieu tdi uu va thdng sd tdi uu dat dupe la: sau:<br /> X, = 0,55 hay thdi gian ep la 13,11 phut; X_, = 0,51 Y,„ = 8,336 - 0,7(i7X, - 0,792X, -H 0,315X, - 0,3aiX,X.<br /> hay nhiet dp ep la 190 C; X, = 0,32 hay ti le dam -H 0,584X,--H 0,356X,- -H 0,814X:r (5)<br /> VCXD la 39,74% Oiy = 40%); dd dfin ncrcua van nghici-n<br /> Y,„ = 139,707 -H 9,299X, -H 3,255X_, -H 3,951X:; -<br /> cuu Y,|„ = 7,89%.<br /> 3,638X,X, - 3,813X,X:, - 6,588X,- - 2,893X,- - 2,434Xr<br /> USUT cua van nghien cuu Y,„ = 147,06 KG/cm-. (6)<br /> <br /> Bing 7: Kdt q u i tinh toan tdi uu cua ham mdt muc tieu chd dp dp<br /> Cac thdng so toi uu<br /> STT Chi sd tdi mi<br /> X, T X., P X. N<br /> 1 Min (Ynv) = 7,64 0,64 17,28 1,11 22,2 -0,04 149<br /> 2 Max (Y,sri) = 145,2 1,66 19,32 0,56 17,78 -1,68 133,2<br /> <br /> Bang 8: Kdt qua tinh toan tdi iru ham da muc tieu che dp dp vin d 150°C<br /> T P X<br /> Trpng sd a X, X,, X;; Yr,.s Y,,<br /> (phut) (Kg/cm-) (C)<br /> 0,4 0,626 0,736 0,165 17,25 21,47 151,65 7,73 143,5<br /> 0,5 0,610 0,737 0,164 17,22 21,4 151,22 7,73 143,5<br /> 0,6 0,582 0,828 -0,047 17,16 19,9 149,53 7,67 143,6<br /> Qua bing 8 ta chpn clugc gia tri tdi uu cho khd 1,22 X 2,44 x 0,018 ni cho thiy gia thanh van cao<br /> nghit^n citu cdng nghe san xuat van dam trau -H hon van dam gd cung co khoang 10 ngan ddng, chu<br /> \'C.XD vdi mirc trgng sd or = 0,6. Tai do cic chi tieu yeu do tdn nhieu keo hon; tuy nhien van triu -<br /> va thdng sd tdi uu la: VCXD cd uu diem hon ve kha nang each nhicj't,<br /> X, = 0,582 hay thdi gian ep la 17,16 phut chdng chiy va cdn giup giim d nhiem mdi truong do<br /> X_, = 0,828 hay ap suit ep la 19,9 kG/cm- thdi quen dd bd xudng sdng rach.<br /> X;i = -0,047 hay nhiet do ep la 149,53"C Mau van trcMi da diioe Trung lam 3 (QUATES3)<br /> Dd dim nd cua van nghien cuu li Y„x = 7,67% kiem nghic^m dat ti(?ii chuan 04TCN-1999, cu the:<br /> Ung suit udn tinh cua van nghien cuu la Y;^, = USUT = 20,4 Mpa; do no day ngam nude = 7,42%;<br /> 143,6 KG/ciir KLIT = 784 kg/m'; cuong do lien kdt trong = 0,2<br /> Kct qua sau xuat thu nghi(}m van triu - \'CXD Mi)a; lye bam dinh vit mat/canh van = 1,04/0,53.<br /> <br /> <br /> NC- 'G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2011 35<br />  KHOA HOC CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> <br /> QUI TRINH SAN X U A T VAN DAM TRAU - VUN CHI XCf DUA<br /> <br /> <br /> I rau •Viin chi \ a dira<br /> \V-!3-lS%am<br /> W= 13-18% am<br /> <br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> Nahien luai 0 6 • Khrrbui • Kho lieu am •• Khir biii Ciil doan d< 1"" mm<br /> (hoac nshicn luOi 04)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Sa\<br /> W 3.0-5.5°'o<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Sling phan loai<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> dam mat dam giua<br /> d =0.2-0.9mm d =1-12mm<br /> <br /> <br /> '' • "<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> icco mat Tron Ivco dam mat W 1 ion keo dam keo giua<br /> HLK 45-52% y-ir/o giua \V 7-9% HLK 45-52%<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Trai tham dam<br /> VV 7.5-10%<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Ep nong<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Chci thich Hoan Ihanh ^ Thir pham<br /> <br /> w - dci am<br /> 1. --dai<br /> D ~ diRtna kinh cha nham phang<br /> d ~ dai<br /> HLK - ham lirgng kht")<br /> <br /> I hanh pham<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Hinh 1: Qui trinh san xuat vin dam trau - VCXD<br /> IV. KET LUAN VADE NGHI<br /> - Che dp ep vin dam triu-VCXD vin day 18<br /> 1. Ket luan mm: nhiet dp 150"C thdi gian dp li 17 phut; ip suit<br /> - Loai keo hgp ly cho van dam trau-vun chi xa ep li 20 kG/cml<br /> dira la UF vdi ty le cho ldp mat 15%, ldp ldi 12%,<br /> - Sin xuit vin dam tir vd triu-vun chi xa dira<br /> chit ddng rin NH4CI vdi ty le 0,4%.<br /> phii tdn keo vi thdi gian dp nhieu hon vin dam gd.<br /> - Ty le phdi trdn vin dam trau /vun chi xa dira<br /> la 6/4. 2. Kien nghi<br /> <br /> <br /> 36 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2011<br />  KHOA HQC CONG NGHE<br /> <br /> <br /> - Nghien cuu bd sung edng nghe va hoan thien heu tre a Viet Nam. Luan an phd tien sy khoa hpc k>'<br /> thidt hi dd cd the img dung rdng rai vao sin xuit, thuat. Vien Khoa hpc Lam nghiep Viet Nam.<br /> gdp phin tang them thu nhap cua ndng dan va bio 4. Hoing Xuan Nien (2003). Dac diem ciu tao vi<br /> ve mdi trudng. tinh chit cua xa dua. Tap chi Ndng nghiep & Phat<br /> TAI UEU THAIVI KHAO trien ndng thdn, sd 02/2003.<br /> 1. Pham Ngpc Nam-Nguydn Trpng Nhan (1999).<br /> 5. Hoing Huu Nguyen, Hoing Xuan Nien<br /> Chuyin giao ket qua nghien cuu sd dung cong dua<br /> (2003). Nghien cuu mpt sd yeu to chu yeu cdng<br /> nudc lam nguyen lieu san xuat van dam. Ky yeu hcpi<br /> nghe ip van dam xo dua. Tap chi Ndng nghiep &<br /> thao chuyen giao khoa hpc cdng nghe trong ndng<br /> Phit trien ndng thdn, sd 08/2003.<br /> nghiep & phat trien ndng thdn, thang 10. Nxb. Ndng<br /> nghiep. 6. Pham Ngpc Nam (2006). Cong nghe san xuat<br /> 2. Trin Tuin Nghla (2001). Xay dung md hinh van nhan tao. Nxb Ndng nghiep.<br /> day chuyen thiet bi va cdng nghe san xuat van dam 7. The tough new alternative to wood. Rice husk<br /> Bach dan phe lieu quy md nho. Thdng tin Khoa hpc particle board technology from India (Vat lieu ben<br /> Ky thuat Lam nghiep. mdi thay the gd. Cdng nghe sin xuit van dam tir triu<br /> 3. Nguydn Van Thiet (1993). Nghien ctru mpt sd cua An Dp). Asia Pacific Tech. Monitor. 1992 Jul.-<br /> yiu td cua cdng nghe san xuit van dam tu nguyen Aug.<br /> <br /> STUDY ON TECHNOLOGY OF CHIPBOARD FROM RICE HUSK AND SHORT FIBERS<br /> OF COCONUT SHELL<br /> Lam Tran Vu, Tran Thanh Cao<br /> Summary<br /> Rice husk and short fiber of coconut shell are the biggest in volume of agricultural by-products in Mekong<br /> river delta, Vietnam. Many researchers and scientists paid much attention to using these by-products such<br /> as beton, cement board, firewood, electric generating..., but non of their work become feasible recently.<br /> Using the by-products to make particle board is a new trend of this theme. Because of there are new<br /> materials for producing the particle board, the theme group smdied how to treat the materials and the<br /> particle board production process; the research result showed that: it is impossible to make 100% untreated<br /> rice husk particle board that met 04TCN-1999 standard. Ho'wever, the particle board made from 100% rice<br /> husk treated by natrium hydroxide (NaOH) may reach the standard but need 50% higher of glue and VND<br /> 20,000 more cost compared to of particle board made from wooden shavings for each the same size board.<br /> If mix untreated rice husk and short coconut shell fiber with a radon of 6/4, adding glue of 15% for surface<br /> layers and 12% for the middle layer, pressed at 20 kG/cm', 150°C in 17 minutes (thick 18 mm) to make the<br /> particle board that meet standard for making furniture.<br /> Keyword: Rice husk, short fiber of coconut shell, particle board, okal.<br /> Ngudi phan bien: GS.TS. Ha Chu Chu<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2011 37<br />