Synthesis of SMZ derivatives and investigation of effects on germination, root, and plant growth of Arabidopsis thaliana L.

A series of sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized by reactions with various functional groups containing benzenesulfonyl chlorides and aniline derivatives under different substitution reaction conditions. The structures of SMZ derivatives were confirmed with melting point, FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and LC-MS/MS techniques. In order to investigate the cytotoxic effects of these derivatives, we used a model plant species. The synthesized compounds (S1–S5) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) as a positive control were applied to Arabidopsis thaliana seeds.