Xây dựng và áp dụng các phần mềm thủy văn, thủy lực phục vụ kiểm soát lũ lụt ở đồng bằng sông Hồng

Tiiu ban: Cong nghe thong lin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghe Vu tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6^<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> XAY DlTNG VA AP DUNG CAC PHAN MEM THUY VAN, THUY Ll/C<br /> PHUC VU Kl£M SOAT LU LUT 6 DONG BANG SONG HONG<br /> Hoang Van Lai, Nguyen Tuan Anh, Nguyen Tiln Cudng, Tran Thu Ha, Le Thu Hoai,<br /> Nguyen Ba Hung, Duong Thj Thanh Huong, Le Hong Phong<br /> Vien Co- hoc<br /> 264 - Dpi c i n , Ba Dinh, Ha Ndi<br /> Email: hvlaifglimech.ac.vn<br /> <br /> Tom tat:<br /> Bdo cdo ndy gidi thieu mdt sd kit qud trong cdc di tdi vd dg dn qudc gia vd<br /> qudc ti vi kiim sodt lii lut a ddng bdng sdng Hdng cita Tgp the khog hgc^ nghien<br /> ciru vi lii lut tgi Vien Ca hgc. Bdo cdo gdm 5 phdn. Sau phdn ma ddu, phdn U md<br /> td tdm tdt cdc md hinh thiiy vdn, thiiy luc, cdc thudt todn gidi sd, cdu trite ciig cdc<br /> phdn mim vd liin kit cdc phdn mim phuc vii kiim sodt lii ItAt. Phdn III trinh bdy<br /> cdc kit qud kiim dinh cdc bdi todn mdu vd kit qud md phdng cdc trdn lu dien hinh<br /> a ddng bdng sdng Hdng. Phdn IV gidi thiiu mdt sd kit qud dp dgng cdc phdn<br /> mim de; 4.1) Du bdo la tren he thdng sdng Hdng tir ndm 2002 din nay vd 4.2)<br /> Xdy dung Quy trinh van hdnh liin hd chira tren thugng du hi thdng sdng Hdng.<br /> Cudi cung Id mdt sd kit ludn<br /> Abstract:<br /> In this report some results on flood control in the Red river basin in national<br /> and international projects carried out by the Research Groop for Flood Study in<br /> the Institute of Mechanics of VAST are presented. The report consists of 5 parts.<br /> After the introduction. In the second part the hydrological and hydraulic models,<br /> the numerical methods, the structures of the softwares and their linkage for flood<br /> control are shortly described. In the third part the results of verification of the<br /> softwares for testcases gnd the results of validation of the softwares in some<br /> typical floods in the Red river system are discussed. In the forth part the results of<br /> application of the softwares for flood forecasts in the Red river system and for<br /> construction of the operation process of reservoir system in the upstream part of<br /> the Red river basin are presented. In the last section some concluding remarks are<br /> given.<br /> <br /> <br /> I. MO DAU<br /> Lu lut la nipt hien tugng thien tai nguy hiem thudng xay ra hang nam d nude ta ndi chung,<br /> d dong bang sdng Hdng ndi rieng. Miia lii bat dau tir thang VI va ket thuc vao thang IX va<br /> thang VII, VIII la thang lii chinh vu, thudng xay ra lii Idn nhat trong nam. Lii lut d ddng bang<br /> sdng Hdng do nhieu loai hinh thdi tiet gay nen. Mdi loai hinh thdi tiet cd anh hudng khac<br /> nhau tdi lii lut d timg khu vuc va do dd lii lut d ddng bang sdng Hdng la mpt hien tugng thien<br /> tai rat phirc tap dugc cac nha khoa hpc thuoc nhieu ITnh vuc nghien ciiu nham han che tac hai<br /> to Idn ciia loai thien tai nguy hiem nay.<br /> Kiem soat lu lut la mdt van de quan trpng dugc nhieu co quan quan tam, trong do cd Tap<br /> the khoa hpc nghien cim ve lii lut tai Vien Co hpc. Trong thdi gian qua. Tap the chung tdi da<br /> dugc giao chii tri \'a thuc hien mdt so de tai va du an qudc gia va qudc te ([l]-[4]) lien quan<br /> den viec xay dung \'a ap dung cac phin mim thiiy van, thuy luc phuc vu kiem soat lu lut d<br /> <br /> 62<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghi Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10'2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ddng bing sdng Hdng. Trong qua trinh thuc hien cac de tai va du an tren mdt he thdng cac<br /> phin mim thiiy van, thiiy lire da dugc xay dung va hoan thien tren ca sd ap dung cac cdng cu<br /> tien tiln cua cdng nghe thdng tin. Mdt sd phin mem da dugc ket ndi thanh cdng cu thuan lgi<br /> phuc vu kiem soat lu lut.<br /> II. PHAN MEM THUY VAN, THUY L U C PHUC VU Kl£M SOAT LU LUT<br /> Cac phan mim thiiy van, thiiy luc dugc xay dung tir cac md hinh. De phuc 'vu cho viec<br /> kiem soat lii lut cac md hinh nay dugc thiet ke theo mdt he thdng thdng nhat (hinh 1). Trong<br /> hinh 1 md hinh thuy lire ID va ID md rdng la cdng cu xuong sdng ciia he thdng cac cdng cu<br /> du bao va kiem soat lu lut ([4]). Md hinh ID tinh toan muc nude va luu lugng tren toan he<br /> thdng sdng (trong trudng hgp nude chua tran qua de bao) theo dieu kien bien luu lugng d<br /> thugng du (la ket qua ciia mo hinh thuy van) va theo dieu kien bien muc nude d ha du (la ket<br /> qua ciia md hinh thuy lire 2D). Trong trudng hgp nude tran qua de bao gay ngap lut tren dien<br /> rong can su dung md hinh ID md rdng (he thdng sdng dugc ket ndi vdi he thdng cac d chiia)<br /> <br /> M O HINH THUY VAN<br /> <br /> <br /> K e t q u a : L u u l u o n g d t h u o n g du<br /> 1<br /> DIEU T I E T<br /> HO CH CA<br /> <br /> i<br /> M O H I N H T H U Y L U C ID<br /> t<br /> K e t q u a : m u c nude d ha du<br /> t<br /> M O H I N H T H U Y L U C 2D<br /> <br /> Hinh I. Hi thdng cdc md hinh.<br /> <br /> 2.1. Mo hinh thuy van: MARINE<br /> Md hinh todn hgc; Md hinh thiiy van MARINE (Modelisation de rAnticipation du<br /> Ruissellement et des Inondations pour des eveNements Extremes) dugc xay dung tai Vien Co<br /> hpc Chat long Toulouse (cdng hoa Phap). Tir cac thong tin ve lugng mua do cac md hinh du<br /> bao thdi tiet, rada khi tugng hoac cac tram do mua cung cap, tren nen md hinh cao dp sd<br /> (DEM - Digital Elevation Model), ban dd phan loai dat, ban dd hien trang sir dung dat,<br /> MARINE tinh toan du bao qua trinh hinh thanh va lan truyen lii tren Ima vuc.<br /> Trong khudn khd ciia Du an FLOCODS ([3]), md hinh MARINE da dugc chuyin giao (cd<br /> ca ma ngudn) cho Tap the Khoa hgc Nghien ciiu ve Lii lut cua Vien Ca hgc.<br /> Md hinh MARINE md phdng qua trinh hinh thanh ddng chay dua tren phuang trinh bao<br /> toan khdi lugng:<br /> dV<br /> — + u.grad(r) = Po<br /> <br /> Trong dd: V la the tich khdi chat Idng dang xet.<br /> " la van tdc ciia ddng chay giiia cac d ludi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 63<br /> Tiiu ban: Cong nghi thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghe I 'u tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Po la lugng mua.<br /> Ket qua qua trinh tinh toan ciia MARINE cho ta lugng nude ra cua cac luu vuc. Day chinh<br /> la thanh phan gia nhap ddng ben q phu can trong md hinh thiiy lire IMECH-ID.<br /> Cdu tnic ciia phdn mim MARINE; Phan mem MARfNE dugc viit bing ngdn ngii<br /> FORTRAN 90 chay tren he dieu hanh Windows. Toan bd dir lieu va chuang trinh dugc dat<br /> trong mdt thu muc thudng lay ten la MARINE (ed the lay ten bat ky nlu mudn). Trong thu<br /> muc nay gdm cd cac thu muc con sau:<br /> Thu muc chiia phan mem: "F6.0"<br /> Thu muc chiia md dun xir ly sd lieu: ''Pretraitement"<br /> Thu muc chira md dun tinh toan: ''Resolution"<br /> Thu muc chira ket qua: "Resultats"<br /> Cac thu muc chira sd lieu vao ciia md hinh: Mdi mot luu 'vuc dugc dat trong mot thu muc<br /> cd ten la: "Donnees-NameOfBasin", trong dd NameOfBasin la ten ciia luu vuc co the tiiy<br /> chpn. Trong mdi thu muc chiia sd lieu vao ciia mdt luu vuc bao gdm cac tep sd lieu vao nhu:<br /> Dia hinh, tham phii, dat, sdng sudi, cac thdng sd dieu chinh md hinh va mua.<br /> 2.2. Mo hinh thuy luc ID md rong: IMECH-ID<br /> Md hinh todn hgc; Md hinh thiiy lire mdt chieu md rdng IMECH_1D dugc Tap the Khoa<br /> hpc Nghien cim ve Lii lut cua Vien Co hpc xay dung, hoan thien va ap dung trong mot sd dl<br /> tai va du an ve kiem soat lii lut ([2], [4]). Md hinh dugc xay dimg dua tren he phuong trinh<br /> Saint Venant ID day dii md ta chuyen ddng ciia nude trong sdng hoac kenh hd ([5]).<br /> Trong I M E C H I D he phuong trinh S. Venant dugc sir dung dudi dang sau:<br /> dA^ dQ<br /> dt dx<br /> (2)<br /> 5Q ^f„Q'^ dZ<br /> P ^ +gA + S, = 0<br /> di dx A dx<br /> (3)<br /> Q day sir dung cac ky hieu: Q=Q(x,t) - luu lugng cua ddng chay trong doan sdng; Z = Z(x,t)<br /> - mirc nude trong doan sdng; q - lim lugng phu; Ac - Dien tich mat cit (kl ca vimg chiia); [3 -<br /> he so hieu chinh: A- Dien tieh chay; Sf - Sire can day<br /> <br /> n'QiQl<br /> <br /> R la ban kinh thiiy lire.<br /> He phuang trinh Saint Venant ID (2) -(3) dugc giai sd theo luge dd sai phan ciia<br /> Preissmann.<br /> De mo phdng qua trinh lan truyin lu trong he thdng sdng Hdng - Thai Binh cin xem xet<br /> cac thanh phan sau:<br /> Mang sdng.<br /> O rupng.<br /> Tat ca cac sdng trong he thong sdng Hdng - Thai Binh dugc lien kit trong mang sdng. Cac<br /> khu phan lu. cham lu dugc md phdng nhu cac d rudng dugc lien kit vdi mang song qua cac<br /> cdng trinh.<br /> Mang song, Mang sdng dugc xay dung tir cac doan sdng va cac mit.<br /> Nut song CO 2 loai:<br /> <br /> <br /> 64<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm \ 'ien Klioa hoc vd Cong nglii \ lit Nam - Hd .Noi 10 2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> + Nut bien: la \'i tri tilp xuc ciia he thdng (d day la mang sdng) \'di eae yeu td ben ngoai<br /> ciia he thdng.<br /> + Niit trong ciia mang: la vi tri tilp xiic ciia tir 2 doan sdng trd len.<br /> Doan sdng la md hinh ciia doan sdng thuc nam giira 2 nut sdng. Qua trinh lan trm'en lii tren<br /> doan sdng dugc md ta qua he phuong trinh S. Venant (2), (3)<br /> 6 ruong ( 6 chira). 6 rudng dugc mo phdng cd vai trd chiia nude, dugc dac trung bdi cac<br /> thdng sd: Thi tich d theo cao trinh muc nude va cac mdi quan he giiia d dang xet vdi cac<br /> thanh phan khac ciia he thdng (thi du: trao ddi nude qua dap tran, chieu cao, chieu rdng. he sd<br /> ciia dap v.v...). 6 rudng dugc md phdng qua phuang trinh bao toan khdi lugng.<br /> Cdu triic cua phdn mim IMECH_1D.' Phan mem dugc viet bang ngdn ngii FORTRAN 90<br /> chay tren he dieu hanh Windo^ws. Toan bd dir lieu va chuong trinh dugc dat trong mdt thu<br /> muc lay ten la IMECH_1D. Trong thu muc nay gdm cd eae thu muc eon sau:<br /> Thu muc chira phan mem IMECH_1D<br /> Cac thu muc chira sd lieu vao ciia md hinh (sd lieu cac mat cat, sd lieu bien Q d thugng du,<br /> so lieu bien Z d ha du...) va ket qua tinh toan (qua trinh muc nude, qua trinh luu lugng tai mdt<br /> sd mat cat...)<br /> 2.3. Mo hinh thuy luc 2D: VD2D<br /> Md hinh todn hoc; He phuong trinh S. Venant 2D md ta cac dinh luat bao toan ve khdi<br /> lugng va ddng lugng ciia nude tren mat phang. He phuang trinh nay dugc thiet lap tir he<br /> phuang trinh Navier - Stock bang each trung binh hda theo chieu sau va dieu kien ap suat tuan<br /> theo quy luat thuy tTnh. Neu bd qua thanh phan khuyech tan (bac hai), anh hudng ciia gid va<br /> anh hudng ciia lire Coriolis, he phuang trinh S. Venant 2D cd the viet dudi dang sau ([6]):<br /> <br /> ^ + ±(uh) + -^{vh)^0 (4)<br /> dt dx^ ^ dy^ '<br /> du du du dh TO(W"+V")"~<br /> — + u—<br /> u ^ ^+ v —<br /> ^ -^HgP —<br /> ^ == -- '^ "- i' —<br /> l ,— :/ +gV. (5)<br /> dt dx dy dx K'h<br /> <br /> d\' dv dv dh g\'(ir -^v')^''<br /> dt dx dy ^ dy K;h'' ^ °''<br /> <br /> Phuong trinh (4) md ta dinh luat bao toan khdi lugng. Cac phuong trinh (5), (6) md ta dinh<br /> luat bao toan ddng lugng. Trong cac phuong trinh tren:<br /> h - dp sau cdt nude; u - van tdc (trung binh) theo hudng x; v - van tdc (trung binh) theo<br /> hudng y; g- gia tdc trpng trudng; K^- he sd Strickler trong luc can day theo hudng x; Ky - he<br /> so Strickler trong lire can day theo hudng y, So.x - dp doc day theo hudng x.; So.y - dp die day<br /> theo hudng y.<br /> He phuang trinh Saint - Venant 2D (4) - (6) dugc giai so theo phuang phap khdi hiju<br /> han (FVM - Finite Volume Method) tren ludi khdng ciu true [6].<br /> Cdu true cua phdn mem VD_2D.' Phan mem dugc viit bing ngdn ngU FORTRAN 90 chay<br /> tren he dieu hanh Windo'vv's. Toan bd dii lieu va chuong trinh dugc dat trong mdt thu muc liy<br /> ten la VD_2D. Trong thu muc nay gdm cd cac thu muc con sau:<br /> Thu muc chira phan mem VD_2D<br /> Cac thu muc chira so lieu vao cua md hinh (sd lieu md ta ludi khdng ciu true, sd lieu md ta<br /> \'an tdc tai bien \'ao, sd lieu md ta muc nude tai bien ra...) va kit qua tinh toan (qua trinh muc<br /> nude, qua trinh luu lugng tai mdt sd dilm...)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 65<br /> Tiiu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghe I 'ii tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 2.4. Ket n6i cac mo hinh thuy van, thuy luc phuc vu kiem soat lu lut<br /> Kit nii mo hinh thuv van va md hinh thii\' luc 1D Muc dich ciia viec kit ndi la ket hgp<br /> md hinh thuy van MARINE va md hinh thiiy luc IMECH_1D thanh mdt bd chuong trinh de<br /> tinh toan du bao cho qua trinh ddng chay tren sdng Da tir Mirdng Te den Hda Binh.<br /> Mo hinh MARINE cd nhiem vu tinh dong chay tren be mat luu vuc sdng Da dugc chia<br /> thanh mdt sd luu MJC con vdi sd lieu vao la mua tren \uu vuc. Ket qua ciia viec dien toan ddng<br /> chay tren bl mat luu vuc cho ta lugng nude dd true tiep vao sdng dpc theo hai ben bd sdng.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Htnh 2. Kit ndi MARINE vd IMECHJD<br /> <br /> Ket ndi md hinh thiiv luc ID va md hinh thiiy luc 2D.<br /> Trong 1110 hinh 1 chieu mang sdng dugc md ta bang cac niit va doan sdng. Cac khu phan,<br /> cham nut dugc md ta bang cac d chira (cd quan he muc nude - the tich) lien ket vdi cac nut<br /> trong mang sdng qua cac cdng trinh (cdng, dap tran...). Cac bien tren cua md hinh midt chieu<br /> la bien luu lugng \ a cac bien dudi la bien muc nude. Md hinh mdt chieu tinh toan muc nude<br /> d cac niit va luu lugng d cac doan, mdi doan sdng gdm hai niit: nut dau doan va nut cudi<br /> doan. Cac diem bien dudi muc nude hoac cac d chiia deu dugc dac trung bing cac nut ciia<br /> mot doan sdng hoac cdng trinh. Trong mo hinh 2 chieu cac bien vao la cac cira sdng hoac cac<br /> doan cong trinh. ta can cho luu lugng tai cac bien nay.Vi vay dl thuc hien viec kit ndi mo<br /> hirih 1 chieu \'di md hinh 2 chieu ta se thuc hien viec trao ddi giiia hai md hinh la luu lugng -<br /> muc nude. nghTa la: md hinh 1 chieu se xuat luu lugng qua cac doan kit ndi cho md hinh hai<br /> chieu va md hinh 2 chieu se xuat muc nude d cac nut kit noi nay cho md hinh 1 chilu.<br /> 2.5. Tinh toan song song trong cac phan mem thuy van, thuy luc<br /> Phan mem thuy lire mdt chieu IMECH_1D co khoi lugng tinh toan tuang doi nhd. Phan<br /> mem nay chay kha nhanh tren cac may tinh ca nhan manh.<br /> Phan mem thii>' \'an MARINE va phin mim tluc 2 chilu VD_2D cd khoi lugng tinh toan<br /> Idn. Vi \'a\' thdi gian tinh toan ciia cac phan mem nay tuong ddi nhieu. De giam bdt thdi gian<br /> tinh toan. ky thuat chia nhd mien tinh va ap dung tinh toan song song tren may tinh hieu nang<br /> cao da dugc chiing toi sir dung. Hinh 3 md ta 10 miln con cho luu vuc sdng Da. Hinh 4 md ta<br /> 4 mien con tren ludi khdng cau cho vinh Bic Bd.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 66<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm 1 'ten Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10/2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Htnh 3. Chia 10 mien con cho sdng Dd Htnh 4. Chia 4 miin con cho vinh Bdc Bd<br /> <br /> Thdi gian tinh toan song song tren 4 CPU chi mit khoang 30%) din 50% so vdi thdi gian<br /> tinh tren 1 CPU. Cac kit qua chi tilt dugc trinh bay trong [7].<br /> <br /> III. M9T SO KET QUA KIEM DINH CAC PHAN MEM THUY VAN, THUY L U C<br /> Cac phan mem dugc kiem dinh qua cac bai toan miu do cac phdng thiiy lire Idn eiia chau<br /> Au de xuit. Yeu ciu kiem dinh trong cac bai toan miu nay rit chat che (khdi lugng nude cin<br /> dugc bao toan, trong trudng hgp bai toan mau dugc xay dung theo md hinh vat ly thi nghiem<br /> tinh toan ciia phan mim phai gin vdi sd lieu thuc do,...). Cac bai toan mau da dugc chiing tdi<br /> kiem dinh day dii va ket qua kiem dinh da dap iing dugc cac yeu ciu ddi vdi cac bai toan<br /> mau. Hinh 5 mo ta ket qua kiem dinh bao toan khdi lugng nude cua phin mim MARINE.<br /> Hinh 6 md ta kit qua kiem dinh muc nude ciia phin mim VD2D. Mdt sd kit qua kilm dinh<br /> da dugc chiing tdi cdng bd trong [8]<br /> <br /> <br /> - I I I I I II11 III III III Mill -^^'<br /> •^x i i l l U i l i l i -^,^:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> \ Thoi gian Igin) \<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Hinh 5. Kiem dinh phdn mim MARINE Hinh 6. Kiim dinh phdn mim VD2D<br /> <br /> Cac phan mem da dugc sir dung dl md phdng mdt sd tran lu da xay ra d ddng bing sdng<br /> Hdng. Ket qua md phdng dugc so sanh vdi sd lieu thue do tai mdt sd tram. Sai so (tuyet ddi)<br /> ciia ket qua md phdng tuang ddi nhd (0,15 m - 0,35 m). Qua trinh muc nude md phdng va<br /> thuc do tai tram thiiy van Ha Ndi dugc trinh bay tren hinh 7 (trong tran lu thang 8 nam 1996)<br /> va tren hinh 8 (trong tran lii thang 8 nam 1999).<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 67<br /> Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghi ' Ti tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> JT . , I<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Htnh 7. Mire nude tai Hd Ndi ndm 1996 Htnh 8. Muc mrdc tai Hd Ndi ndm 1999<br /> <br /> IV. MOT SO KET QUA AP DUNG CAC P H A N MEM THUY VAN, THUY LlTC<br /> Cac phin mim thiiy van, thiiy lire ciia Tap the khoa hpc nghien cim ve lii lut tai Vien Co<br /> hpc dugc xay dimg va hoan thien trong qua trinh thue hien cac de tai va du an qudc gia va<br /> quoc tl. Trong timg dl tai va du an mdi mdt phan mem can thuc hien mot sd nhiem vu nhat<br /> djnh.<br /> Cac de tai va du an ma chiing tdi da thuc hien deu lien quan den kiem soat lii lut d ddng<br /> bang song Hdng. Vi vay, mdt sd phan mem da dugc ap dung de kiem soat lii lut va da thu<br /> dugc mdt sd ket qua kha quan. Chiing tdi xin gidi thieu d day 2 ap dung cu the sau:<br /> 4.1. Du bao lu tren he thdng song Hong. Hang nam miia lii tren he thdng sdng Hdng<br /> thudng bat dau tir dau thang VI va ket thuc vao cudi thang IX. Sau klii thuc hien du an [2],<br /> Tap the khoa hpc nghien cim ve lu lut tai Vien Co hpc da trd thanh mdt trong sau dan vi dugc<br /> Van phong Ban chi dao Phdng chdng lut bao Trung uong giao nhiem vu du bao lii tren he<br /> thdng sdng Hdng de tu van cho Ban chi dao trong kiem soat lu lut.<br /> Trong miia lu bat dau tir ngay 15 thang VI den ngay 15 thang IX, hang ngay vao khoang 9<br /> gid sang. Van phdng Ban chi dao cung cap cac sd lieu khi tugng, thiiy van tren toan bd he<br /> thong sdng Hdng. Cac don vi ed nliiem vu tinh toan du bao qua trinh muc nude (trong 24 gid<br /> va 48 gid tiep theo) tai mdt sd vi tri quan trpng va cung cap ban tin du bao cho Van phdng<br /> Ban chi dao. Vi tri can du bao gdm:<br /> - Cac hd chira tren thugng du he thdng sdng Hong. Tir nam 2002 din nam 2005 chi cd 2 ho<br /> chiia la Hda Binh va Thac Ba tham gia kilm soat lu, tir nam 2006 cd them hd Tuyen Quang<br /> va tir nam 2010 nay cd them hd Son La.<br /> - Tram thiiy van Ha Ndi (vi tri dac trung cho kiem soat lii tren sdng Hdng).<br /> - Tram thiiy van Pha Lai (vi tri dac trung cho kilm soat lu tren sdng Thai Binh)<br /> De danh gia chat lugng ban tin du bao, 1 ngay sau (ddi vdi du bao 24 gid) va 2 ngay sau<br /> (ddi vdi du bao 48 gid) sd lieu du bao dugc so sanh vdi sd lieu thuc do.<br /> Ban tin du bao ciia Tap the khoa hpc nghien cim vl lii lut tai Vien Ca hpc da dugc Van<br /> phong Ban chi dao danh gia la tdt. Qua trinh muc nude du bao va thuc do tai hd Hda Binh va<br /> tai tram thuy van Ha Ndi trong miia lu nam 2005 dugc trinh bay tren hinh 9 va hinh 10, trong<br /> miia lu nam 2010 dugc trinh bay tren hinh 11 va 12.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 68<br />  Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Klioa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10 2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> HoaBi^V^L HaNdV\t<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ^SSSJJ^^ssESssiijjayg^gjSSfSSSSiii SS|3S58SSSESS5}36|a33||S5?S5E»2S|5|<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Hinh 9. Muc nude tai Hda Binh ndm 2005 Htnh 10. Muc nude tai Hd Ndi ndm 2005<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Htnh II. Muc nude tai Hda Binh ndm 2010 Hnh 12. Muc nude tai Hd Ndi ndm 2010<br /> <br /> 4.2. Xay dung Quy trinh van hanh lien ho chua tren thtfoti^ du he thong song Hong<br /> Ho thuy dien Son La la cdng trinh trpng diem qudc gia do Qudc hdi giam sat. Nam 2010 nay,<br /> hd Son La da tham gia tieh nude chuan bi phat dien td may sd 1. Bat dau tir nam 2011 hd Son<br /> La se tham gia kiem soat lii cho ddng bang sdng Hdng va he thdng 4 hd chiia Son La, Hda<br /> Binh. Tuyen Quang va Thac Ba ed nhiem \'u kiem soat cac tran lii cd chu ky lap lai nhd hon<br /> hoac bang 500 nam, giii muc nude sdng Hdng tai Ha Ndi khdng vugt qua 13,4 m. Day la<br /> nhiem vu quan trpng va quy trinh van hanh lien hd chiia Son La, Hda Binh, Tuyen Quang va<br /> Thac Ba dang dugc xay dung. Tap the khoa hpc nghien ciiu ve lii lut tai Vien Ca hpc da dugc<br /> tham gia tinh toan cac phuang an phuc \'u cho viec xay dung quy trinh. Cac ndi dung chinh da<br /> dugc tinh toan la:<br /> - Cat lii thiet ke ed chu ky lap lai 300 va 500 nam theo cac phuong an dieu hanh khac nhau.<br /> - Cat lii thuc tir nam 1962 den nay theo cac phuang an dieu hanh khac nhau.<br /> - Cat lii bao ve cdng trinh (lii cue dai PMF cho hd Son La, lii cd chu ky lap lai 10000 nam<br /> cho cac hd Hda Binli va Thac Ba. lii cd chu ky lap lai 5000 nam cho hd Tuyen Quang).<br /> Nhieu phuong an dieu hanh da dugc xem xet nhu: phan bd dung tich phdng lii giiia hd Son<br /> La va hd Hda Binh. phdi hgp cat lii giira cac hd theo muc nude tai Ha Ndi,... Hinh 13 md ta<br /> qua trinh luu lugng vao hd Son La. qua trinh xa, muc nude tai hd va muc nude tai Ha Ndi<br /> trong lu thiet ke cd chu ky lap lai 500 nam, dang lii nam 1996. Hinh 14 md ta kit qua cit lii<br /> thue. Trong phuang an tinh toan tai cac hinh 13 va 14 dung tieh phdng lii tai hd San La la 4 ty<br /> m \ tai hd Hda Binh la 3 ty m^ tai ho Tuyen Quang la 1 ty m^ va tai hd Thac Ba la 0,5 ty m<br /> Muc nude cao nhat tai Ha Ndi trong lu thilt kl la 13,39 m.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 69<br /> Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tir ddng hod - Cong nghi I 'ii tru ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Ho S a n La<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 350<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 300<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 250<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 200<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> •6<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 50<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500<br /> Thiy'i gian (gid')<br /> <br /> <br /> Hnh 13. Kit qud cdt lii thiit ki cd chu ky ldp lgi 500 ndm, dgng lii ndm 1996.<br /> <br /> Qu^ trinh mirc ni^6c tai ho H6a Binh miia lu 1962 - 2007 (PA1)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> E 110 A A A A >^^<br /> \<br /> I 105<br /> ^ ^<br /> ,^^v:yOyi\ ,>^ ^<br /> N7y<br /> fjfi^^ ^^-.^ ^^-—7<br /> <br /> ^""^ii^v:-^^ ^ / ^<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Htnh 14. Kit qiig cdt thuc<br /> <br /> V. KET LUAN<br /> Kiem soat lii lut noi chung, kiem soat lii lut tren he thong sdng Hdng ndi rieng la mdt cdng<br /> viec phiic tap. can co su tham gia ciia nhieu ITnh vuc khoa hpc. Cac phan mem thiiy van, thuy<br /> lire la nipt cong cu hiru ich phuc vu cho cac nha khoa hpc de cd dugc cac bien phap kilm soat<br /> lii phii hgp.<br /> Cac phan mem thiiy van, thiiy lire da dugc Tap thi khoa hpc nghien ciru ve lu lut tai Vien<br /> Co hpc xay dung \a hoan thien. Cac phin mim nay da dugc ap dung va ket qua ap dung da<br /> <br /> 70<br />  Hoi nghj Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Viin Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Not 10/2010<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> dugc danh gia tdt.<br /> Ca sd ly thuyet cua phin mem dugc nghien cim day du. Phan mem cd ma ngudn nen viec<br /> phat trien va ap dung cho cac luu vuc sdng khac tuong ddi thuan lgi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Loi cam on<br /> <br /> Cac tac gia xin cam on cac can bd trong Tap the khoa hoc nghien ciiu ve lu lut tai Vien Co<br /> hpc da thao luan va ddng gdp nhieu y kien bd Ich lien quan din cac kit qua trong bao cao.<br /> Cac tac gia xin cam on cac can bd khoa hpc va quan ly cua Vien Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe Viet<br /> Nam, ciia Ban chi dao Phdng chdng lut bao Trung uong, ciia Bd Ndng nghiep va phat triln<br /> Ndng thdn va ciia Bd Tai nguyen va Mdi trudng da giiip dd nhiet tinh va tao dilu kien thuan<br /> lgi trong qua trinh thuc hien cac de tai va du an.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> TAI LIEU THAM KHAO<br /> 1. De tai cap Vien KHCNVN, "Xdy dung cdng nghi md phdng sd ddnh gid cdc ddc<br /> trung thuy luc cua bdi todn va ddp trong hi thdng hd chua trin sdng Dd", Chu nhiem<br /> de tai GS. Nguyen Van Diep, GS. Ngd Huy Cin, Thdi gian thue hien 1998-1999.<br /> 2. Du an cap Nha nude, "Xdy dung cdng nghe md phdng sd phuc vii cho viec di xudt,<br /> ddnh gid vd dieu hdnh cdc phuang dn phdng chdng lii lut trin ddng bdng sdng Hdng-<br /> sdng Thdi binh", Chii nhiem dl tai GS. Nguyin Van Diep, Thdi gian thuc hien 1999-<br /> 2001.<br /> 3. Du an do cdng ddng chau Au tai trg FLOCODS, "Decision Support System for<br /> ecosystem upgrading and flood control of a sustainable development in the Red River<br /> System ~ China, Vietnam", Thdi gian thuc hien 2001-2004.<br /> 4. De tai cap Nha nude KC.08-13,'Wg/ew cuu ca sd khoa hgc cho cdc gidi phdp tdng thi<br /> du bdo phdng trdnh lu lut a ddng bdng sdng Hdng", Chu nhiem dl tai GS. Nguyen<br /> Van Diep, Thdi gian thuc hien 2001-2004.<br /> 5. Cung J.A., Holly F.M. Verwey A. "Practical Aspects of Computational River<br /> Hydraulics". Pitman Advanced Publishing Program, 1980.<br /> 6. P. Brufau, M. E. Vazquez-Cendom and Garcia-Navarro: "A Numerical Model for<br /> Flooding and Drying of Irregular Domains", Int. J. for Num. Meth. in Fluids 39 pp<br /> 247-275, 2002.<br /> 7. De tai cap Vien KHCNVN, "Ap dung tinh todn song song trong viic kit ndi cdc md<br /> hinh thuy vdn vd md hinh thuy lire phuc vu du bdo vd kiim sodt lu lut luu vuc sdng<br /> Hdng", Chu nhiem dl tai PGS. Hoang Van Lai, Thdi gian thuc hien 2005-2006.<br /> 8. Hoang Van Lai, Nguyen Thanh Don, "Construction, Verification gf g Softwgre for the<br /> 2D Dam-break Flow and some its Applications", Vietnam J. of Mechanics vol 29 N<br /> 4, pp 539-550, 2007<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 71<br />