Cellular functions

In this study, the differential evolution algorithm is used for solving the optimum design problem of composite cellular beams. The objective function is the minimum weight of cellular beam while the design constraints include satisfying the ultimate limit states, the serviceability limit states and the geometric limitations.

11p viyoko 24-09-2024 2 1   Download

This study investigated the in vitro effects of ZnO NP and chemical UV filters commonly used sunscreens on the function of immortalised and primary skin cells. ZnO particulates (30 nm, 80 nm and 200 nm) were compared to the chemical UV filters: butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDBM) ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate (EHMC), ethylhexylsalicylate (EHS), homomenthylsalicylate (HMS) and 4-methylbenzylidenecamphor (MBC). Human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK), epidermal melanocytes (NHEM), dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and the immortalised keratinocyte HaCaT cell line were used in this study.

324p runthenight05 01-03-2023 8 2   Download

Studies on nanoparticle-protein interaction have also not been studied. This would give information on ratio influence on the structural alteration of EGCg in EGCg-AuNPs and its functionality in vivo. Herein, the optimisation of EGCg-AuNPs will be determined with a large pool of stoichiometric synthesises of gold and EGCg. These optimised EGCg-AuNPs would then be studied with bovine serum albumin (BSA) for protein interactions, binding and thermodynamics.

177p runthenight07 01-03-2023 8 3   Download

Graphene oxide (GO) has been attracting tremendous attention in the past few years in various biomedical applications including; tissue engineering, cell culture, biosensing, bioimaging and therapeutics delivery due to unique features it possesses. In this thesis, we demonstrate the preparation of crumpled GO functionalized with polyethyleneimine (PEI) (CGO-PEI) via surface acoustic waves (SAW) to develop a nanotherapeutic delivery platform with efficient cellular uptake and good biocompatibility.

60p runthenight04 02-02-2023 5 2   Download

In this article, we study cellular neural networks (CNNs) with timevarying coefficients, bounded and unbounded delays. By introducing a new Liapunov functional to approach unbounded delays and using the continuation theorem of coincidence degree, we obtain some sufficient conditions to ensure the existence periodic solutions and global exponential stability of CNNs.

9p tamynhan5 10-12-2020 12 1   Download

Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are gatekeepers regulating the cellular responses induced by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated activation of heterotrimeric G proteins. Specifically, RGS proteins determine the magnitude and duration of GPCR signaling by acting as a GTPase-activating protein for Gα subunits, an activity facilitated by their semiconserved RGS domain. The R7 subfamily of RGS proteins is distinguished by two unique domains, DEP/DHEX and GGL, which mediate membrane targeting and stability of these proteins.

13p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 24 1   Download

The signaling properties of the gasotransmitter molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is endogenously generated in plant cells, are mainly observed during persulfidation, a protein post-translational modification (PTM) that affects redox-sensitive cysteine residues. There is growing experimental evidence that H2S in higher plants may function as a mechanism of response to environmental stress conditions.

7p partimesinhvien 08-05-2020 31 0   Download

The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors play important roles in diverse cellular and molecular processes. Comparative functional genomics can provide powerful approaches to draw inferences about gene function and evolution among species.

21p vishikamaru2711 29-04-2020 15 3   Download

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein R (HIV-1 Vpr) promotes nuclear entry of viral nucleic acids in nondividing cells, causes G2 cell cycle arrest and is involved in cellular differentiation and cell death. Vpr subcellular localization is as variable as its functions. It is known, that consistent with its role in nuclear transport, Vpr localizes to the nuclear envelope of human cells. Further, a reported ion channel activity of Vpr is clearly dependent on its localization in or at membranes.

6p system191 01-06-2013 33 4   Download

Group IID secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IID), a heparin-binding sPLA2 that is closely related to sPLA2-IIA, augments stimulus-induced cellular arachidonate release in a manner similar to sPLA2-IIA. Here we identified the residues of sPLA2-IID that are responsible for heparanoid binding, are and therefore essential for cellular function.

10p system191 01-06-2013 36 5   Download

Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Hungary; 3Department of Inorganic Chemistry, and 4Research Group for Antibiotics, Department of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Hungary; 5 International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland This study characterizes the calcium-bound CR I – II domain (residues 1–100) of rat calretinin (CR).

9p system191 01-06-2013 40 4   Download

The isoprenoid methyl farnesoate (MF) has been implicated in the regulation of crustacean development and reproduction in conjunction with eyestalk molt inhibiting hormones and ecdysteroids. Farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase (FAMeT) catalyzes the methylation of farnesoic acid (FA) to produce MF in the terminal step of MF synthesis. We have previously cloned and characterized the shrimp FAMeT. In the present study, recombinant FAMeT (rFAMeT) was produced for bioassay and antiserum generation.

9p research12 01-06-2013 41 3   Download

Cellular manifestations of aging are most pronounced in postmitotic cells, such as neurons and cardiac myocytes. Alterations of these cells, which are responsible for essential functions of brain and heart, are particularly important contributors to the overall aging process. Mitochondria and lysosomes of postmitotic cells suffer the most remarkable age-related alterations of all cellular organelles.

7p research12 01-06-2013 41 5   Download

Antizyme is a polyamine-induced cellular protein that binds to ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and targets it to rapid ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 26S proteasome. However, the metabolic fate of antizyme is not clear. We have tested the stability of antizyme in mammalian cells. In contrast with previous studies demonstrating stability in vitro in a reticulocyte lysate-based degradation system, in cells antizyme is rapidly degraded and this degradation is inhibited by specific proteasome inhibitors. ...

7p research12 01-06-2013 40 3   Download

Stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) signaling plays essential roles in eliciting adequate cellular responses to stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. SAPK pathways are composed of three successive protein kinase reactions. The phosphorylation of SAPK signaling components on Ser/Thr or Thr/Tyr residues suggests the involvement of various protein phosphatases in the negative regulation of these systems.

7p research12 01-06-2013 54 4   Download

During the last decade several novel yeast genes encoding proteins related to the PPP family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases have been discovered and their functional characterization initiated. Most of these novel phosphatases display intriguing structural features and/or are involved in a number of important functions, such as cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis and maintenance of cellular integrity. While in some cases these genes appear to be restricted to fungi, in others similar proteins can be found in higher eukaryotes. ...

6p research12 01-06-2013 27 3   Download

In human neutrophils, both changes in intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations, [Ca 2+ ] i , and activation of phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PtdIns3K) have been proposed to play a role in regulating cellular function induced by chemoattr-actants. In this studywe have investigated the role of [Ca 2+ ] i and its effector molecule calmodulin in human neutrophils.

10p research12 23-04-2013 42 2   Download

In rod phototransduction, cyclic GMP synthesis by mem-brane bound guanylate cyclase ROS-GC1 is under Ca 2+ -dependent negative feedback control mediated by guanylate cyclase-activating proteins, GCAP-1 and GCAP-2. The cellular concentration of GCAP-1 and GCAP-2 approxi-mately sums to the cellular concentration of a functional ROS-GC1 dimer. Both GCAPs increase the catalytic effi-ciency (kcat /Km) of ROS-GC1. However, the presence of a myristoyl group in GCAP-1 has a strong impact on the regulation of ROS-GC1, this is in contrast to GCAP-2....

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 38 2   Download

Prion diseases such as Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease are pos-sibly caused by the conversion of a normal cellular glyco-protein, the prion protein (PrP c ) into an abnormal isoform (PrP Sc ). The process that causes this conversion is unknown, but to understand it requires a detailed insight into the normal activity of PrP c . It has become accepted from results of numerous studies that PrP c is a Cu-binding protein and that its normal function requires Cu.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 48 3   Download

Thioredoxins are a group of small redox-active proteins involved in cellular redox regulatory processes as well as antioxidant defense. Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, and try-paredoxin are members of the thioredoxin superfamily and share structural and functional characteristics. In the mal-arial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, a functional thio-redoxin and glutathione system have been demonstrated and are considered to be attractive targets for antimalarial drug development.

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 42 3   Download