Glutathione

Mục tiêu của đề tài là đánh giá sự tích tụ KLN (Cu, Pb, Zn và Cd) trong mang, gan, thận của cá chép và cá rô phi theo mùa và theo mặt cắt trong khu vực nghiên cứu; phân tích sự biến động của nồng độ protein và hoạt tính GST trong cùng mẫu cá phân tích kim loại nặng; bước đầu xác định tương quan giữa nồng độ kim loại nặng tích tụ với nồng độ protein và hoạt tính GST trong cùng mẫu cá phân tích.

82p closefriend03 13-10-2021 28 7   Download

A Total 8 semen sample from four healthy Gir breeding bulls were collected at weekly interval for two weeks period using of artificial vagina method for evaluation of semen biochemical attributes at various stages of cryopreservation of Gir bull semen. The overall mean values for oxidative stress parameters viz. lipid peroxidation and glutathione reductase were 51.14 ± 0.18 μmol/ml and 32.24 ± 0.64 U/L, respectively in neat semen samples.

7p nguaconbaynhay5 16-05-2020 16 0   Download

Mitochondrial functional and structural impairment and generation of oxidative stress have been implicated in aging, various diseases and chemotherapies. This study analyzed azidothymidine (AZT)-caused failures in mitochondrial functions, in redox regulation and activation of the HIV-1 gene expression. We monitored intracellular concentrations of ATP and glutathione (GSH) as the indicators of energy production and redox conditions, respectively, during the time-course experiments with U937 and MOLT4 human lymphoid cells in the presence of AZT (0.05 mgÆmL)1) or H2O2 (0.01 mM) for 15–25 days.

7p system191 01-06-2013 42 3   Download

Previously, we demonstrated apoptotic cell death in the chorion laeve trophoblast layer of human fetal membrane tissues during the late stages of pregnancy, the progression of apoptosis during incubation in vitro, and its suppression by a low concentration of glucocorticoid hormones.

8p system191 01-06-2013 33 5   Download

The human multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) is an ATP-dependent efflux pump that transports anionic conjugates, and hydrophobic compounds in a glutathione dependent manner. Similar to the other, well-characterized multidrug transporter P-gp, MRP1 comprises two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) in addition to transmembrane domains. However, whereas the NBDs of P-gp have been shown to be functionally equivalent, those of MRP1 differ significantly.

9p research12 01-06-2013 25 4   Download

Nitrogen monoxide (NO) is a cytotoxic effector molecule produced by macrophages that results in Fe mobilization from tumour target cells which inhibits DNA synthesis and mitochondrial respiration. It is well known that NO has a high affinity for Fe, and we showed that NO-mediated Fe mobilization is markedly potentiated by glutathione (GSH) generated by the hexose monophosphate shunt [Watts, R.N. & Richardson, D.R. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 4724–4732]. We hypothesized that GSH completes the coordination shell of an NO–Fe complex that is released from the cell.

10p research12 01-06-2013 47 3   Download

This study investigated the enzymatic function of two putative plant GPXs, GPXle1 from Lycopersicon esculentum and GPXha2 from Helianthus annuus, which show sequence identities with the mammalian phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPX). Both purified recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli show PHGPX activity by reducing alkyl, fatty acid and phospholipid hydroperoxides but not hydrogen peroxide in the presence of glutathione.

7p research12 01-06-2013 37 4   Download

Binding of lamin B receptor (LBR) to chromatin was studied by means of an in vitro assay system involving recombinant fragments of human LBR and Xenopus sperm chromatin. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fused proteins including LBR fragments containing the N-terminal region (residues 1–53) and arginine-serine repeat-containing region (residues 54–89) bound to chromatin. The binding of GST-fusion proteins incorporating the N-terminal and arginine-serine repeat-containing regions to chromatin was suppressed by mild trypsinization of the chromatin and by pretreatment with a DNA solution....

11p research12 01-06-2013 29 4   Download

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) are frequently used for the down-regulation of protein expression.Because the majority of potential antisense sequences lacks effect-iveness, fast screening methods for the selection of effective AS-ODNs are needed.We describe a new cellular screening assay for the evaluationof the potency and specificityof new antisense sequences.

10p research12 29-04-2013 32 3   Download

Glutathione reductase (GR) recycles oxidized glutathione (GSSG) by converting it to the reduced form (GSH) using an NADPH as the electron source. The function of GR in the male genital tract of the rat was examined by meas-uring its enzymatic activity and examining the gene expression and localization of the protein.

9p research12 29-04-2013 46 3   Download

This paper deals with the purification and the partial char-acterization of glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoforms from the clam Ruditapes decussatus. For the first step of purification, two affinity columns, reduced glutathione (GSH)–agarose and S-hexyl GSH–agarose, were mounted in series. Four affinity fractionswere thus recovered. Further purification was performed using anion exchange chroma-tography. Seven fractions,whichpresent aGSTactivitywith 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate, were collected and analyzed by RP-HPLC....

8p research12 23-04-2013 39 2   Download

We investigated the effect of nitric oxide (NO) donors on the activities of annexin II tetramer (AIIt), a member of the Ca 2+ -dependent phospholipid-binding protein family. Incubation of purified AIIt with S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) led to the inhibition of AIIt-mediated liposome aggregation. This effect was dose-dependent with an IC50 of approximately 100lM. Sodium nitroprusside, another NO donor also inhibited AIIt-mediated liposome aggregation, whereas reduced glutathione, nitrate, or nitrite had no effects. ...

10p research12 23-04-2013 29 4   Download

Selenium (Se) is well known to be essential for cell culture when using a serum-free medium, but not when a medium containing serum is used. This finding suggests that serum contains some usable formof Se. To identify the Se-supplier, T-lymphoma (Jurkat) cells were cultured for 3 days in the presence of human serum immunodepleted of Se-containing serum protein, selenoprotein Por extracellular glutathione peroxidase.

6p tumor12 22-04-2013 53 3   Download

GlutathioneS-transferases (EC 2.5.1.18) (GSTs), are a family of multifunctional enzymes present in all living organisms whose main function is the detoxification of electrophilic compounds. GSTs are considered the most prominent detoxifying class II enzymes in helminths. We describehere the characterizationof novel dehydroascorbate reductase and thiol transferase activities that reside in the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni GSTx.

10p tumor12 22-04-2013 32 2   Download

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of normal metabolic activities and are thought to be the cause of many diseases. A selenium-containing single-chain abzyme 2F3 (Se-2F3-scFv) that imitates glutathione peroxidase has been produced which has the capacity to remove ROS. To evaluate the antioxidant ability of Se-2F3-scFv, we con-structeda ferrous sulfate/ascorbate (Vc/Fe 2+ )-inducedmito-chondrial damage model system and investigated the capacity of Se-2F3-scFv to protect mitochondria from oxi-dative damage.

6p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 4   Download

Themosquito,Anopheles gambiae, is an important vector of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Full genome analysis revealed that, as in Drosophila melanogaster,the enzyme glutathione reductase is absent inA. gambiaeand func-tionally substituted by the thioredoxin system. The key enzyme of this system is thioredoxin reductase-1, a homo-dimeric FAD-containing protein of 55.3 kDa per subunit, which catalyses the reaction NADPH + H + + thio-redoxin disulfidefiNADP + + thioredoxin dithiol.

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 31 3   Download

The nature of cGMP transport in human erythrocytes, its relationship to glutathione conjugate transport, and pos-sible mediation by multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) have been investigated. MRP1, MRP4 and MRP5 are detected in immunoblotting studies with erythrocytes. MRP1and MRP5 are also detected in multidrug resistant COR-L23/R and MOR/R cells but at greatly reduced levels in the parent, drug sensitive COR-L23/P cells. MRP4 is detected in MOR/R but not COR-L23/R cells.

13p tumor12 20-04-2013 41 3   Download

Thioredoxins are a group of small redox-active proteins involved in cellular redox regulatory processes as well as antioxidant defense. Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, and try-paredoxin are members of the thioredoxin superfamily and share structural and functional characteristics. In the mal-arial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, a functional thio-redoxin and glutathione system have been demonstrated and are considered to be attractive targets for antimalarial drug development.

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 42 3   Download

Human alcohol dehydrogenase 3/glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase was shown to rapidly and irreversibly catalyse the reductive breakdown of S-nitroso-glutathione. The steady-state kinetics of S-nitrosogluta-thione reduction was studied for the wild-type and two mutated forms of human alcohol dehydrogenase 3, muta-tions that have previously been shown to affect the oxidative efficiency for the substrate S-hydroxymethylglutathione.

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 32 2   Download

Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) reduces dehydro-ascorbate (DHA) to ascorbate with glutathione (GSH) as the electron donor. We analyzed the reactionmechanismof spinach chloroplast DHAR, which had a much higher reaction specificity for DHA than animal enzymes, using a recombinant enzyme expressed inEscherichia coli. Kinetic analysis suggested that the reaction proceeded by a bi-uni-uni-uni-ping-pong mechanism, in which binding of DHA to the free, reduced formof the enzyme was followed bybindingofGSH....

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 46 6   Download