Malignancies

Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins modulate G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling networks by terminating signals produced by active Gα subunits. RGS17, a member of the RZ subfamily of RGS proteins, is typically only expressed in appreciable amounts in the human central nervous system, but previous works have shown that RGS17 expression is selectively upregulated in a number of malignancies, including lung, breast, prostate, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

10p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 13 1   Download

AR-42, a new orally bioavailable, potent, hydroxamate-tethered phenylbutyrate class I/IIB histone deacetylase inhibitor currently is under evaluation in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials and has demonstrated activity in both hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. This report focuses on the preclinical characterization of the pharmacokinetics of AR-42 in mice and rats.

9p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 18 3   Download

Malignant insulinoma is an extremely uncommon tumor that is usually accompanied by severe hypoglycemia that is difficult to manage. At this time, the long-term effect of 177Lu-DOTATATE (lutetium [Lu-177]- DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate) on this tumor is not well known.

4p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 20 1   Download

Amplification of N-myc oncogene is a frequent event in advanced stages of human neuroblastoma and correlates with poor prognosis and enhanced neovascularization. Angiogenesis is an indispensable prerequisite for the progression and metastasis of solid malignancies, which is modulated by tumor suppressors and oncogenes. We have addressed the possibility that N-myc oncogene might regulate angiogenesis in neuroblastoma. Here, we report that experimental N-Myc overexpression results in down-regulation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a modulator of endothelial cell proliferation....

10p system191 01-06-2013 34 4   Download

The promoter of the early growth response gene (Egr-1) has been described to be activated by ionizing radiation, and it seems to be clear that this process involves di€erent mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases, dependent on the speci®c cell type examined. However, early steps leading to activation of the corresponding pathways and thus to overexpression of Egr-1 are not well understood.

10p research12 29-04-2013 45 2   Download

Thea3b1 integrin is an adhesion receptor for extracellular matrix proteins including isoforms of laminin, and the changes of its expression level in various cancer cells are thought to cause their malignant phenotypes. We have cloned an approximately 4 kb DNA fragment of the 5¢-flanking region of the murinea3 integrin gene and analyzed its promoter activity.

9p research12 23-04-2013 36 3   Download

The structure–activity relations of a series of synthetic phenoxazone drugs with aminoalkyl side chains of variable length and different terminal groups were investigated by examining their biological activity and DNA complexation affinity. Biological activitywas determined fromtheir ability to induce apoptosis and cell cycle perturbations (activation of cell cycle checkpoints) using the human malignant MOLT-3 cell line. The thermodynamic parameters of drug– DNA complexation were determined by differential scan-ning calorimetry....

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 37 4   Download

Short strands of tandem hexameric repeats known as telomeres cap the ends of linear chromosomes.These repeats protect chromosomes from degradation and prevent chro-mosomal end-joining, a phenomenon that could occur due to the end-replicationproblem.Telomeres aremaintainedby the activity of the enzyme telomerase.The total number of telomeric repeats at the terminal end of a chromosome determines the telomere length, which in addition to its importance in chromosomal stabilization is a useful indica-tor of telomerase activity in normal and malignant tissues....

15p tumor12 20-04-2013 34 3   Download

The dimeric structure of seminal ribonuclease (BS-RNase) is maintained by noncovalent interactions and by two intersubunit disulfide bridges.Another unusual feature of this enzyme is its antitumour action, consisting in a cyto-toxic activity selective for malignant cells.This cytotoxic action is exerted when the protein reaches the cytosol of the affected cells, where it degrades ribosomal RNA, thus blocking protein synthesis and leading cells to death.

8p fptmusic 16-04-2013 37 2   Download

Glutamine is an essential amino acid in cancer cells and is required for the growth of many other cell types. Glutami-nase activity is positively correlated with malignancy in tumours andwith growth rate in normal cells. In the present work, Ehrlich ascites tumour cells, and their derivative, 0.28AS-2 cells, expressing antisense glutaminase mRNA, were assayed for apoptosis induced by methotrexate and hydrogen peroxide. It is shown that Ehrlich ascites tumour cells, expressing antisense mRNA for glutaminase, contain lower levels of glutathione than normal ascites cells. In addition, 0.

9p awards 05-04-2013 47 4   Download

Licensing origins for replication upon completion of mitosis ensures genomic stability in cycling cells. Cdt1 was recently discovered as an essential licensing factor, which is inhibited by geminin. Over-expression of Cdt1 was shown to predis-pose cells for malignant transformation. We show here that Cdt1 is down-regulated at both the protein and RNA level when primary human fibroblasts exit the cell cycle into G0, and its expression is induced as cells re-enter the cell cycle, prior to S phase onset. ...

11p awards 05-04-2013 29 3   Download

Owing to theuseof porphyrins inphotodynamic therapy for the treatment of malignant tumors, and the preferential interaction of lectins with tumor cells, studies on lectin– porphyrin interactionareof significant interest. In this study, the interaction of several free-base and metalloporphyrins withMomordica charantia(bitter gourd) lectin (MCL) was investigated by absorption spectroscopy. Difference absorp-tion spectra revealed that significant changes occur in the Soret band region of the porphyrins on binding to MCL....

0p awards 05-04-2013 54 3   Download

14-3-3 proteins belong to a family of conserved molecules expressed in all eukaryotic cells, which play an important role in a multitude of signaling pathways. 14-3-3 proteins bind to phosphoserine⁄phosphothreonine motifs in a sequence-specific manner. More than 200 14-3-3 binding partners have been found that are involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, stress responses, cell metabolism and malignant transformation.

9p dell39 27-03-2013 43 3   Download

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma has unique clinical and pathological features and tumour tissue is characterized by a minority of malignant Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg cells surrounded by inflammatory cells. In the present study, we report that the Hodgkin lymphoma-derived cell line L1236 has high expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 and that these cells readily convert arachidonic acid to eoxin C4, eoxin D4and eoxin E4.

13p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 35 4   Download

In vertebrates, phosphocreatine and ATP are continuously interconverted by the reversible reaction of creatine kinase in accordance with cellular energy needs. Sarcoma tissue and its normal counterpart, creatine-rich skel-etal muscle, are good source materials to study the status of creatine and creatine kinase with the progression of malignancy.

12p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 42 3   Download

The Drosophila melanogaster multisubstrate deoxyribonucleoside kinase (dNK; EC 2.7.1.145) has a high turnover rate and a wide substrate range that makes it a very good candidate for gene therapy. This concept is based on introducing a suicide gene into malignant cells in order to activate a prodrug that eventually may kill the cell.

10p media19 06-03-2013 37 4   Download

The creatine⁄creatine kinase system decreases drastically in sarcoma. In the present study, an investigation of catalytic activities, western blot and mRNA expression unambiguously demonstrates the prominent expression of the creatine-synthesizing enzymesl-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase andN-guanidinoacetate methyltransferase in sarcoma, Ehrlich ascites carci-noma and Sarcoma 180 cells, whereas both enzymes were virtually unde-tectable in normal muscle.

11p vinaphone15 28-02-2013 34 2   Download

Aberrant differentiation is a characteristic feature of neoplastic transforma-tion, while hypoxia in solid tumors is believed to be linked to aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. However, the possible relationship between hypoxia and differentiation in malignancies remains poorly defined.

14p vinaphone15 27-02-2013 36 1   Download

Glutamate carboxypeptidase III (GCPIII) is a metalloenzyme that belongs to the transferrin receptor⁄glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII; EC 3.4.17.21) superfamily. GCPIII has been studied mainly because of its evo-lutionary relationship to GCPII, an enzyme involved in a variety of neuro-pathologies and malignancies, such as glutamatergic neurotoxicity and prostate cancer.

15p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 35 6   Download

Onconase  (ONC) is a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily that is toxic to cancer cells in vitro andin vivo. ONC is now in Phase IIIb clinical trials for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma. Internalization of ONC to the cytosol of cancer cells is essential for its cytotoxic activity, despite the apparent absence of a cell-surface receptor protein.

12p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 28 3   Download