Multiplication of bacteria

Zinc is used as an anti-gingivitis agent in oral care products and affects multiple targets in oral bacteria. We found that it acts also to suppress respiration of oral streptococci and of Fusobacterium nucleatum, an organism associated with development of gingivitis.

9p 12120609 01-06-2020 19 1   Download

Sensitization to cockroach allergens is associated with the development of asthma. Bla g 1 is a German cockroach allergen that shows allergenic cross-reactivity with American cockroach allergen, Per a 1, and has a molecular structure composed of multiple tandem amino-acid repeats. Two consecutive repeats are not identical but form a duplex that constitutes a basic molecular unit of Bla g 1. By molecular mass, purified natural Bla g 1 would contain approximately two duplexes.

7p system191 01-06-2013 44 4   Download

The use ofBacillus amyloliquefaciensfor enzyme production and its exceptional highprotein export capacity initiated this study where the presence and function of multiple type I signal peptidase isoforms was investigated. In addition to type I signal peptidases SipS(ba) [Meijer,W.J.J., de Jong,A., Bea, G., Wisman, A., Tjalsma, H., Venema, G., Bron, S. & van Dijl, J.M. (1995)Mol. Microbiol.17, 621±631] and SipT(ba) [Hoang, V. & Hofemeister, J. (1995) Biochim. Biophys.

12p research12 23-04-2013 34 4   Download

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) induces multiple genes via activation of transcription factors that include NF-jB and activator protein-1 (AP-1).We found that IL-1-mediated c-Src acti-vation was required for AP-1 activation, but not for NF-jB activation and also revealed that c-Src-induced AP-1 acti-vation was enhanced synergistically by the coexpression of TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6).In addition, c-Src interacts with TRAF6 in response to IL-1 and this interaction is required for c-Src activity....

12p tumor12 20-04-2013 55 2   Download

Limitedproteolysis of the pyruvate decarboxylase (E1,a2b2 ) component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) multi-enzyme complexofBacillus stearothermophilushas indicated the importance for catalysis of a site (Tyr281-Arg282) in the E1asubunit (Chauhan, H.J., Domingo, G.J., Jung, H.-I. & Perham, R.N. (2000)Eur. J. Biochem.267, 7158–7169). This site appears to be conserved in the a-subunit of hetero-tetrameric E1s and multiple sequence alignments suggest that there are additional conserved amino-acid residues in this region, part of a common pattern with the consensus sequence -YR-H-D-YR-DE-.

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 54 3   Download

We used two inhibitors of the signaling enzyme phosphatidylinositol 3-kin-ase (PtdIns3K), wortmannin and LY294002, to evaluate the potential involvement of PtdIns3K in the activation of the MAP kinases (MAPK), Erk1 and Erk2. In dose–response studies carried out on six different cell lines and a primary cell culture, we analyzed the ability of the inhibitors to block phosphorylation of protein kinase B⁄akt (PKB⁄akt) at Ser473 as a measure of PtdIns3K activity, or the phosphorylation of Erk1⁄2 at activa-ting Thr⁄Tyr sites as a measure of the extent of activation of MAPK⁄Erk kinase (MEK⁄Erk).

13p fptmusic 11-04-2013 47 2   Download

Multiple ankyrin repeat motif-containing proteins play an important role in protein–protein interactions. ANKHD1 proteins are known to possess multiple ankyrin repeat domains and a single KH domain with no known function. Using yeast two-hybrid system analysis, we identified a novel splice variant of ANKHD1. This splice variant of ANKHD1, which we designated as HIV-1 Vpr-binding ankyrin repeat protein (VBARP), does not contain the signature KH domain, and codes for only a single ankyrin repeat motif. ...

12p fptmusic 11-04-2013 45 3   Download

Tachykinins and tachykinin-related peptides (TKRPs) play major roles in signaling in the nervous system and intestine of both invertebrates and ver-tebrates. Here we have identified cDNAs encoding precursors of multiple TKRPs from the cockroachesLeucophaea maderaeandPeriplaneta ameri-cana. All nine LemTKRPs that had been chemically isolated in earlier experiments could be identified on the precursor ofL. maderae. Four previ-ously unidentified LemTKRPs were found in addition on the precursor.

11p fptmusic 11-04-2013 33 1   Download

Cdx-2 is a transactivator for the proglucagon gene in pancreatic and intes-tinal endocrine cells. Cdx-2 is also expressed in differentiated intestinal epi-thelia of nonendocrine origin. Cdx-2 –⁄ – mice are embryonic lethal, while Cdx-2 +⁄ – mutants show multiple malfunctions including the formation of intestinal polyps.

14p awards 06-04-2013 48 4   Download

Membrane-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A2c(iPLA2c) contains four potential in-frame methionine start sites (Mancuso, D.J. Jenkins, C.M. & Gross, R.W. (2000)J. Biol. Chem.275, 9937–9945), but the mechanisms regulating the types, amount and subcellular localization of iPLA2c in cells are incompletely understood.

16p awards 05-04-2013 55 3   Download

We analysed the diversity of tenascin-X (TNX) species in serum and studied parameters that could affect determination of TNX levels in serum. Using western blot analysis we identified at least seven distinct TNX species, ran-ging from 75 kDa to the presumably full-length 450 kDa form.

10p galaxyss3 21-03-2013 36 3   Download

Recent studies have established essential roles of protein kinase Ce in signaling pathways controlling various functions of microfilaments and intermediate filaments by modulating multiple cytoskeletal proteins. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of the roles of protein kinase Ce in the functions and signaling of microfilaments and intermediate filaments,

10p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 34 6   Download

Cyclin dependent kinase 4 is a key regulator of the cell cycle and its activ-ity is frequently deregulated in cancer. The activity of cyclin dependent kinase 4 is controlled by multiple mechanisms, including phosphorylation of tyrosine 17.

11p galaxyss3 07-03-2013 30 4   Download

In plants and green algae, several starch synthase isozymes are responsible for the elongation of glucan chains in the biosynthesis of amylose and amy-lopectin. Multiple starch synthase isozymes, which are classified into five major classes (granule-bound starch synthases, SSI, SSII, SSIII, and SSIV) according to their primary sequences, have distinct enzymatic properties.

11p media19 04-03-2013 30 3   Download

CmtR is a repressor of the ArsR–SmtB family fromMycobacterium tuber-culosis that has been shown to sense Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Mycobacte-rium smegmatis. We establish here that CmtR binds cooperatively to multiple sites inM. tuberculosisDNA and protects an unusually long 90 bp AT-rich sequence from )80 bp to +10 with respect to its own initiation codon.

12p viettel02 22-02-2013 33 2   Download

Herpes simplex virus type-1 and type-2 are highly prevalent human patho-gens causing life-long infections. The process of infection begins when the virions bind heparan sulfate moieties present on host cell surfaces. This ini-tial attachment then triggers a cascade of molecular interactions involving multiple viral and host cell proteins and receptors, leading to penetration of the viral nucleocapsid and tegument proteins into the cytoplasm.

9p viettel02 20-02-2013 49 3   Download

Heat shock factor (HSF) is an evolutionarily conserved stress-response reg-ulator that activates the transcription of heat shock protein genes, whose products maintain protein homeostasis under normal physiological condi-tions, as well as under conditions of stress. The promoter regions of the target genes contain a heat shock element consisting of multiple inverted repeats of the pentanucleotide sequence nGAAn.

10p viettel02 19-02-2013 34 2   Download

HFE is a type 1 transmembrane protein that becomes N-glycosylated dur-ing transport to the cell membrane. It influences cellular iron concentra-tions through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of transferrin binding to transferrin receptors. The importance of glycosylation in HFE localization and function has not yet been studied.

16p viettel02 19-02-2013 43 4   Download

Src family kinases (SFKs) play critical roles in the regulation of many cellular functions by growth factors, G-protein-coupled receptors and ligand-gated ion channels. Recent data have shown that SFKs serve as a convergent point of multiple signaling pathways regulating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the central nervous system.

9p cosis54 08-12-2012 33 2   Download